学年高中英语必修一Unit5 Languages around the world 训练卷二.docx
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学年高中英语必修一Unit5 Languages around the world 训练卷二.docx
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学年高中英语必修一Unit5Languagesaroundtheworld训练卷二
2019-2020学年高一上学期训练卷
必修一Unit5Languagesaroundtheworld
英语
(二)
(本卷满分100分)
一、阅读理解(每小题2分,共16分)
A
Canyourememberthedaywhenyouspokeyourfirstword?
Ifyoucan,youareunusual.Trytoimaginewhatfirstfewmonthsofyourlifewerelike.Iamsureyoujustspentmostofyourtimeeating,sleepingandcrying.Asyougrewolder,youwereawakemoreofthetime.Ittookyourparentsmoretimetoplaywithyouandtalktoyou.Youwatchedandlistenedcuriously(好奇).Youbegantoknowthatpeoplemadecertainsoundstogowithcertainthings.
Thenyoubegantotrymakingthesoundsyouheard.Andstepbystepyouwereabletomaketherightsoundforonething.Onthatdayyoucametounderstandthesecretoflanguage.Thesecretisthatacertainsoundmeansacertainthing.Onesoundmightbeasgoodasanother.Butitisnogoodasawordunlesseverybodyagreesonitsmeaning.Onlywhenagroupofpeopleusethesamesetofsoundsofthings,cantheyunderstandeachother.Then,andonlythendothesepeoplehaveaLANGUAGE.
Afteryoufoundthesecretoflanguage,youlearnedwords.Someofthewordsmeantthings,suchasBOOKS,CHAIRSandSHOES.Somewordsmeantdoingthings,suchasGOandSWIM,andotherwordsdescribethings,suchasGOODandDIRTY.Soonyoulearnedtoputwordstogethertoexpressyouridea,suchas“Iwanttogooutandplaywithmyfriends.”Thisislanguage.Bymeansoflanguagepeoplecancommunicate.Sowesaylanguagesaremeansofcommunication.
1._________canrememberthedaywhen__________.
A.One;hespokehisfirstword
B.Noone;hespokehisfirstword
C.Mostpeople;theyspoketheirfirstwords
D.None;theyspoketheirfirstwords
2.Thesecretoflanguageisthat__________.
A.onesoundmightbeasgoodasanother
B.peoplecanunderstandeachother
C.acertainsoundisforacertainthing
D.thereisaspecialsoundforeachperson
3.Youcouldlearnwords________.
A.beforeyouknewwhatthelanguagewas
B.afteryouknewwhatthelanguagewas
C.beforeyouknewthesecretofthelanguage
D.whenyouwereababy
4.Theaiminusinglanguageis________.
A.togeteverythingonewantsfromothers
B.tosaywhatonewantstoknow
C.toshareideas,opinions,news,etcwithoneanother
D.tomakeoneselfunderstoodbyothers
B
I’msittinginmykitcheninLondon,tryingtofigureoutatextmessagefrommybrother.HelivesinourhomecountryofGermany.WespeakGermantoeachother,alanguagethat’srichinstrangewords,butI’veneverheardthisonebefore:
fremdschämen.
Theexperiencegetsmetoconsider:
canweloseourmotherlanguage?
Mostimmigrants(移民)knowwhatit’sliketobenotasgoodattheirmotherlanguageasbefore.Theprocessseemsobvious:
thelongeryouareaway,themoreyourlanguagesuffers.Butit’snotquitesostraightforward(简单的).Itturnsoutthathowlongyou’vebeenawaydoesn’talwaysmatter.Socializingwithothernativespeakersabroadcanworsenyourownnativeskills.Andemotionalfactorsliketrauma(精神创伤)canbethebiggestfactorofall.
Inchildren,thephenomenonoflanguageattrition(语言磨蚀)issomewhateasiertoexplainsincetheirbrainsaregenerallymoreflexibleandadaptable.Untiltheageofabout12,aperson’slanguageskillsarerelativelyeasytochange.Studiesoninternationaladoptershavefoundthatevennine-year-oldscanalmostcompletelyforgettheirfirstlanguagewhentheyareremovedfromtheircountryofbirth.
Butinadults,thefirstlanguageisunlikelytodisappearentirelyexceptinextremecircumstances.Forexample,MonikaSchmidanalyzedtheGermanofelderlyGerman-Jewishwartimerefugees(难民)intheUKandtheUS.Themainfactorthatinfluencedtheirlanguageskillswasn’thowlongtheyhadbeenabroadorhowoldtheywerewhentheyleft.Itwashowmuchtraumatheyhadexperiencedasvictims.ThosewholeftGermanyintheearlydaysofNazioccupation,beforetheworstviolence,tendedtospeakbetterGerman—despitehavingbeenabroadthelongest.Thosewholeftlater,tendedtospeakGermanwithdifficultyornotatall.
“Itseemedveryclearlyaresultofthistrauma”,saysSchmid.“EventhoughGermanwasthelanguageofchildhood,homeandfamily,itwasalsothelanguageofpainfulmemories”.Themosttraumatizedrefugeeshadheldthemback.Asoneofthemsaid:
“IfeelthatGermanybetrayedme.Americaismycountry,andEnglishismylanguage.”
5.Whatdoesthefirstparagraphserveas?
A.Acomment.B.Abackground.
C.Anexplanation.D.Anintroduction.
6.Whatdoparagraph4and5mainlytalkabout?
A.Howtwolanguagescoexist.
B.Thewaytodealwithadult’strauma.
C.Thereasonsbehindadult’slanguageattrition.
D.Whethertraumaleadstoadult’slanguageattrition.
7.Whydoestraumacauseaperson’smotherlanguagetodisappear?
A.Becausehecan’trememberhismotherlanguage.
B.Becausehisabilitytocommunicateisaffected.
C.Becausehiscountryisfarfromhim.
D.Becausehechoosestoescapefrombadexperiences.
8.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?
A.Wheredoesyournativelanguagecomefrom?
B.Willyouloseyournativelanguage?
C.Howdoestraumaaffectyourfirstlanguage?
D.Howfarareyoufromyourmothertongue
二、七选五(每小题2分,共10分)
DifferentCultures
TheculturesoftheEastandtheWestreallydistinguishthemselvesfromeachotheralot.9..
TheoriginoftheEasterncultureismainlyfromtwocountries:
ChinaandIndia.Bothofthetwoculturesaredevelopedbyrivers—theYellowRiverinChinaandtheIndusRiverinIndia.10.
WhenthetwomotherriversgavebirthtotheEasternculture,anotherfamousculturewasbroughtupontheMesopotamianplain(美索不达米亚平原)一theMesopotamianCivilization.ThiscivilizationlaterondevelopedintotheculturesofAncientRomeandAncientGreek.11.LiketheChineseculture,theEuropeanculturealsocrossedwaters.WhentheBritishsettleddowninAmerica,theirculturewentwiththemovertheAtlanticOcean.SotheAmericanculturedoesn’tdistinguishitselffromtheEuropeanculturealot.
12.Takethelanguagesystemforexample.IntheEast,mostlanguagesbelongtothepictographic(象形文字)languagewhiletheWesternlanguagesaremostlybasedontheLatinsystem.Othercauseslikehumanracedifferencescountaswell.Butwhat’smore,duetothefardistanceandthesteepareasbetweentheEastandtheWest,thetwoculturesseldomcommunicateuntilrecentcenturies.Sotheygrewuptotallyintheirownwayswithalmostnointerference(干预)fromtheother.
Thedifferencesareeverywhere.13.Butdifferentculturesmaketheworldinthe21stcenturymorevaried.Theculturalgapshouldnotbetheobstacletothecivilizationofhumanbeings.Itoughttobethemotivationforourgoingfarther.
A.Letusworktogethertokeepavarietyofcultures.
B.Oneimportantthingistolearnabouttheother’sculture.
C.Andthesetwoarewell-knownasthebaseoftheEuropeanculture.
D.Thisisbecausetheculturesystemsaretwoseparatesystemsonthewhole.
E.Theyhelpedthetwoculturesdevelopforcenturiesandformtheirownstyles.
F.Theyareobviousandaffectpeople’swaysofthinkingandtheirviewsoftheworld.
G.Atthesametime,someotherdifferencesaddtotheculturaldifferences.
三、完形填空(每小题1.5分,共30分)
Masteryofalanguageisoneofthegreatest14thatonecaneverhave.Manypeoplehaveapassion(激情)forlearninglanguages.Humanlanguageevolve(进化)fromhandgesturesandothersignsthatpeopleusedto15witheachother.Ancientpeoplestartedwithdrawing16aboutwhattheywantedtosay,whichlateronevolvedintosomelanguages,afterwhichmanyotherdialects(方言)havecomeinto___17.Withover2,700differentlanguagesand7,000dialects18allovertheworld,theworldhasmanydifferentculturesthat19speaktheirnativedialects.
Onesuch20thatisevenolderthantheholybookQuran(《古兰经》),thefinestworkinclassicalArabic(阿拉伯语)21,isArabic.Itisknowntobeoneofthemost22__spokenlanguages,asover300millionpeoplespeakinthistongue.Incaseyouwanttolearnit,thentherearemanyArabictranslationservicesthat23peoplehowtoactuallyspeakthelanguage.Thislanguagealonehashundredsofdifferentdialectsthatareusedbypeopledependingonwhat24theyareat.Itis25thatpeoplewhospeak26languagesfinditdifficulttocommunicatewitheachotherbecauseofthedifferenceindialect;27,justlikeeveryotherlanguage,thislanguagealsohasastandardlanguagewhichisusedinbroadcasts,newspapers,magazinesandevenin___28thatteachArabicastheirsecondlanguage.
Soifyouwantto29whatapersonwhohasadifferentArabicdialectistryingtosay,youwouldneedthe30ofArabictranslationservices.Asmentionedearlier,theyteachthislanguage;however,youneedtohaveenoughtimetolearnit___31_itisalsoknowntobeoneofthemost32languagesthatonecanlearn.Infact,manyuniversitystudentswhomajorinthislanguagegethelpfromtheseagencies,makingit33forthemtolearnit.
14.A.waysB.skillsC.expressionsD.means
15.A.communicateB.fightC.competeD.exchange
16.A.numbersB.circlesC.mapsD.pictures
17.A.sightB.effectC.fashionD.action
18.A.concernedB.usefulC.presentD.familiar
19.A.meanwhileB.stillC.seldomD.never
20.A.bookB.gameC.customD.language
21.A.literatureB.styleC.theoryD.influence
22.A.probablyB.necessarilyC.widelyD.loudly
23.A.adviseB.teachC.explainD.remind
24.A.levelB.lengthC.ageD.location
25.A.surprisingB.comfortingC.disappointingD.challenging
26.A.foreignB.nativeC.similarD.va
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