高考英语阅读理解冲刺训练Day 87.docx
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高考英语阅读理解冲刺训练Day 87.docx
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高考英语阅读理解冲刺训练Day87
高考英语阅读理解冲刺训练Day87
Passage1
Thoughtheirnumbersaregrowing,only27percentofallstudentstakingtheAPComputerScienceexamintheUnitedStatesarefemale.Thegendergaponlygrowsworsefromthere:
Just18percentofAmericancomputer-sciencecollegedegreesgotowomen.ThisisintheUnitedStates,wheremanycollegemenproudlydescribethemselvesas“malefeminists”andgirlsaretaughttheycanbeanythingtheywanttobe.Meanwhile,inAlgeria,41percentofcollegegraduatesinthefieldsofscience,technology,engineering,andmath—or“stem,”arefemale.There,employmentdiscriminationagainstwomeniscommonandwomenareoftenpressuredtomakeamends(忍气吞声)withtheirabusivehusbands.
Sowhatexplainsthetendencyfornationsthathavetraditionallylessgenderequalitytohavemorewomeninscienceandtechnologythantheirgender-progressivecounterpartsdo?
AccordingtoanewpaperpublishedinPsychologicalSciencebythepsychologistsGijsbertStoet,atLeedsBeckettUniversity,andDavidGeary,attheUniversityofMissouri,itcouldhavetodowiththefactthatwomenincountrieswithhighergenderinequalityaresimplyseekingtheclearestpossiblepathtofinancialfreedom.Andoften,thatpathleadsthroughstemprofessions.
Theissuedoesn’tappeartobegirls’aptitudeforstemprofessions.Inlookingattestscoresacross67countriesandregions,StoetandGearyfoundthatgirlsperformedaboutaswellorbetterthanboysdidonscienceinmostcountries,andinalmostallcountries,girlswouldhavebeencapableofcollege-levelscienceandmathclassesiftheyhadenrolledinthem.
Butwhenitcomestotheirrelativestrengths,inalmostallthecountries—allexceptRomaniaandLebanon—boys’bestsubjectwasscience,andgirls’wasreading.(Thatis,evenifanaveragegirlwasasgoodasanaverageboyatscience,shewasstilllikelytobeevenbetteratreading.)Acrossallcountries,24percentofgirlshadscienceastheirbestsubject,25percentofgirls’strengthwasmath,and51percentexcelledinreading.Forboys,thepercentageswere38forscience,42formath,and20forreading.Andthemoregender-equalthecountry,asmeasuredbytheWorldEconomicForum’sGlobalGenderGapIndex,thelargerthisgapbetweenboysandgirlsinhavingscienceastheirbestsubject.
What’smore,thecountriesthatmintedthemostfemalecollegegraduatesinfieldslikescience,engineering,ormathwerealsosomeoftheleastgender-equalcountries.Theyassumethatthisisbecausethecountriesthatempowerwomenalsoempowerthem,indirectly,topickwhatevercareerthey’denjoymostandbebestat.
“Countrieswiththehighestgenderequalitytendtobewelfarestates,”theywrite,“withahighlevelofsocialsecurity.”Meanwhile,lessgender-equalcountriestendtoalsohavelesssocialsupportforpeoplewho,forexample,findthemselvesunemployed.Thus,theauthorssuggest,girlsinthosecountriesmightbemoreinclinedtochoosestemprofessions,sincetheyofferamorecertainfinancialfuturethan,say,paintingorwriting.
Whenthestudyauthorslookedatthe“overalllifesatisfaction”ratingofeachcountry—ameasureofeconomicopportunityandhardship—theyfoundthatgender-equalcountrieshadmorelifesatisfaction.Thelife-satisfactionrankingexplained35percentofthevariationbetweengenderequalityandwomen’sparticipationinstem.Thatcorrelationechoespastresearchshowingthatthegendersareactuallymoresegregatedbyfieldofstudyinmoreeconomicallydevelopedplaces.
Theupshotofthisresearchisneitherespeciallyfeministnorespeciallysad:
It’snotthatgenderequalitydiscouragesgirlsfrompursuingscience.It’sthatitallowsthemnottoifthey’renotinterested.
Thenagain,itcouldjustbethat,feelingfinanciallysecureandonequalfootingwithmen,somewomenwillalwayschoosetofollowtheirpassions,ratherthanwhateverlaboreconomistsrecommend.Andthosepassionsdon’talwaysliewithinscience.
1.Thefunctionofthefirstparagraphisto_________.
A.explainthemeaningofeconomicpressures.
B.leadtothemaintopic.
C.describethewomen'sstatus.
D.telltheconditionofpeople'srights.
2.WhichofthefollowingisTrueaccordingtothepsychologistsGijsbertStoetandDavidGeary?
A.Stemprofessionsarehelpfultopursuefinancialfreedom.
B.Womenincountrieswithhighergenderinequalityaremoreindependent.
C.Girlsusuallyarebornpoorinstemprofession.
D.Girlsperformednobetterthanboysonscienceinmostcountries.
3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inthelastbutoneparagraphreferto?
A.stemprofessionB.genderequality
C.financialsecureD.overalllifesatisfaction
4.Thepassageismainlytalkingabout_________.
A.howtobalancethegenderinscienceandtechnology
B.whyAmerican'sdemocracyfallsbehindothercountries.
C.howtochooseappropriatemajorsforwomen'sfuture.
D.whylessgenderequalitytohavemorewomeninscienceandtechnology.
Passage2
Theterm“boomerangkids”referstoadultchildrenwhomovebackintotheirparents’houseafteraperiodoflivingontheirown.
Traditionally,Americansexpecttofinishtheirschooling,getajob,andthenmoveoutoftheirparents’homeassoonastheybecomefinanciallyindependent.Unlikeinothercountrieswhereitiscommonforadultchildrentolivewiththeirparentsuntiltheymarry,orevenaftertheyaremarried,intheU.S.,adultslivingwiththeirparentsaftergraduatingandgettingajobisnotthetypicalpattern.
However,thingsmaybechanging.Thecurrentgenerationofyoungadultsarebeingcalledthe“boomeranggeneration”becausethelackofjobshasdrivenmanyofthemtomovebackinwiththeirparents,afterhavinglivedontheirownwhileincollegeoraftergettingafull-timejob.Fewerparentsareexperiencingwhatwesometimescallan“emptynest”,ahomewheretheadultchildrenleaveandonlytheparentsremain.
InastudyconductedbythePewResearchCenterin2011,about30%ofpeopleages25to34reportedthattheyhadmovedbackwiththeirparentsatonetimeoranother.Whilemanyoftheseadultchildrensaythatthisisasatisfactorysituation,withover75%oftheseyoungadultssayingtheyliketheirlivingarrangement,sometimesit’snoteasyfortheparents.65%parentssaythatitisdifficulttoadjusttothereturnoftheirchildren,especiallywhendecidinghowmuchhelptogivethem.
Howdoesthislivingarrangementaffecttherelationshipsbetweenparentsandadultchildren?
Aboutaquarteroftheyoungadultssaythattheirrelationshipwiththeirparentshasimproved,aquartersayithasworsened,andabout50%sayithasn’thadanyeffecteitherway.
1.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“boomerangkids”inthefirstparagraphmean?
A.Peoplewhoareadultsbutquitementallychildish.
B.Peoplewhocansavelittlemoneyattheendofeverymonth.
C.Peoplewhocareabouttheirparentsbylivingwiththem.
D.Peoplewhostillliveontheirparentswhengrowingup.
2.What’sthetraditionalpatterninAmerica?
A.Youngadultslivewiththeirparentsaftergraduation.
B.Youngadultsfindafull-timejobwiththeirparents’help.
C.Youngadultsliveontheirownandsupportthemselves.
D.Youngadultsgotocollegetogetadegree.
3.Whatmayleadtothe“boomeranggeneration”phenomenon?
A.Thetightemploymentmarket.
B.Parents’overprotection.
C.Lackoflifeexperience.
D.Parents’fearforthe“emptynest”.
4.AccordingtothestudybythePewResearchCenter,howdothemajorityoftheparentsfeelaboutthereturnoftheirchildren?
A.Satisfied.B.Uncomfortable.C.Acceptable.D.Unaffected.
Passage3
DoIexist?
Obviously!
UntilDescartescamealongintheseventeenthcentury,everyoneassumedthatweexited.Obviously.Thefactseemedsomind-blowingobviousthatitwasn'treallydiscussed.Wecouldseeourselvesinthemirror,wecouldfeelpainandpleasure,wecouldthinkthoughtsforourselvesand,moreimportantly,perhaps,alltheworld'smainreligionsassumedthatwedoexist.Soweexist.
Noyoudon'tit!
Youdon'texist.That'sbecauseit'simpossibletoshowonceandforallthatyoudo.There'snoproof.Youmightthinkyouexist-thatyouaresittingatatablereadingthisbook,forinstance-buthowcouldyoushowwith100percentcertaintythatthisistrue?
There'snoexperimentthatcouldproveit.AlthoughDescartessaidjustyoucouldproveyourownexistencebythefactthatyouareabletothink,thisisn'tactually,accordingtotheBritishphilosopherA.J.Ayer.Justbecauseweknowthatwearethinking,thisdoesn'tmeanthatthereisa"you"doingthethinking.Itjustshowsthatthethoughtsarehappening,notthatanyoneishavingthem.Thoughtsexists,"You"don't._________________!
Whatawasteoftimethisquestionis.Althoughyoucanargueuntiltheendoftimewhetheryouexistornot,itdoesn'tgetyouanywhere.Unlessyouforgetaboutthisunanswerablequestion,you'llbestuckthinkingaboutitforever,andthatisn'tofanyusetoanyone.Moveon.Thinkaboutsomethingmoreimportant!
Thisveryroughly,istheviewofalmostallphilosophers,whoprefertoanswerother,apparentlymoreuseful,questions.
Yes,but…
Youexist,butnotinthewayyoumightthink.AccordingtothegreatFrenchphilosopherRenDescartes,youcan'tshowthatanythingexist—apartfromyourownself.Theexistenceoftheentireworldcanbedoubtedinonewayoranother,butthefactsyou'rehavingthoughtsshowsthattheremightbesomething(that'syou)havingthem.ThisletDescartestowritethefamousphilosophicalphrase,"IthinkbeforeIam".
1.Whichofthefollowingcanbethemissingheading?
________
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