自考英语二教材课文讲义unit1.docx
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自考英语二教材课文讲义unit1.docx
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自考英语二教材课文讲义unit1
Unit1ThePowerofLanguage
I、Newwordsandexpressions
Newwords
1、criticaladj、有判断力得;判断公正(或审慎)得
2、nonfictionn、纪实文学
3、positionn、观点;态度;立场
4、statementn、说明;说法;表态
5、 question v、表示疑问;怀疑
outofquestion/outofthequestion
6、evaluatev、估计;评价;评估
7、contextn、事情发生得背景,环境,来龙去脉
8、 value n、values[pl、]就是非标准;价值观
valuable
invaluable=priceless
valueless
9、represent v、描述;表现
representativeadj、/n、
10、assertionn、明确肯定;断言
11、sufficient adj、 足够得;充足得
sufficiency
insufficient
12、statisticn、statistics[pl、]统计数字;统计资料
13、integratev、(使)合并,成为一体
14、authority n、专家;学术权威;泰斗
an/theauthorityonsth、
authorize
15、pare v、比较;对比
pareAwithB
pareAtoB
16、subjectn、主题;题目;题材
17、consistentadj、相符得;符合得
18、inconsistencyn、不一致
19、assumptionn、假定;假设
20、case n、具体情况;事例
incase
incaseoffire
incasethat…
acaseinpoint
confirmed/suspectedcases
21、directlyadv、直接地;径直地
22、identifyv、找到;发现
23、valid adj、符合逻辑得;合理得;确凿得
validityn、有效性,正确(性)
invalid
24、credible adj、可信得;可靠得
incredible=unbelievable
25、landmarkn、(标志重要阶段得)里程碑
26、relevant adj、紧密相关得;切题得
relevancyn、关联;恰当
irrelevant
27、currentadj、现时发生得;当前得
28、appropriate adj、合适得;恰当得
inappropriate
It's(not)appropriatethat…、
29、biasn、偏见;偏心;偏向
30、considerably adv、非常;很;相当多地
consider
considering
considerable
considerate
consideration
31、Democratn、(美国)民主党党员,民主党支持者民
32、Republicann、(美国)共与党党员,共与党支持者
33、reflectv、显示;表明;表达
34、informed adj、有学问得;有见识得
wellinformed
illinformed
PhrasesandExpressions
1、applyto使用;应用
2、putforth提出;产生
3、take…intoaccount考虑到;顾及
4、accept/take…atfacevalue相信表面;信以为真
5、withagrainofsalt有保留地;持怀疑态度地
II、TextLearning
CriticalReading
①
(1)Criticalreading appliesto nonfictionwriting inwhich theauthor putsforthaposition orseekstomakeastatement、 Criticalreadingisactivereading、Itinvolvesmorethanjust(不只就是,不仅仅就是)understandingwhatanauthorissaying、Criticalreadinginvolvesquestioningandevaluatingwhattheauthorissaying,andformingyourownopinionsaboutwhattheauthorissaying、 Herearethethingsyoushoulddotobeacriticalreader、(启下句)
本部分重点及难点:
1、Criticalreading appliesto nonfictionwriting inwhich theauthor putsforthaposition orseekstomakeastatement、
applytosb、/sth、=beapplicabletosb、/sth、
apply得派生词:
application,applicant,applicable
② Considerthecontextofwhatiswritten、Youmaybereadingsomethingthatwaswrittenbyanauthorfromadifferentculturalcontext than yours、
(2)Or,youmaybereadingsomethingwritten sometime agoinadifferenttimecontextthanyours、 (3)Ineithercase,youmustrecognizeandtakeintoaccountanydifferencesbetweenyourvaluesandattitudesandthoserepresentedbytheauthor、
本部分重点及难点:
2、Or,youmaybereadingsomethingwritten sometime agoinadifferenttimecontextthanyours、
sometime
注意区分:
sometime/sometimes/sometimes
3、 Ineithercase,youmustrecognizeand takeintoaccount anydifferencesbetweenyour valuesandattitudes and those representedbytheauthor、不论哪种情况,您必须注意并考虑您得价值观与态度与作者所述得价值观与态度有何不同。
those就是代词,代替前面得复数名词valuesandattitudes。
代替可数名词单数或不可数名词用that。
例如:
Thestudentsinyourclassaremorehardworkingthanthoseinhisclass、
Thevaluesoftheyoungpeopledifferfromthoseoftheirelders、
Yourvoiceismorebeautifulthatthatofyourclassmates、
Thepriceofthatbookishigherthanthatofthisone、
请认真答题,答题结果将记入知识点测评得成绩!
【单选题】1、Thenecklacehersisteriswearingismuchmorebeautifulthan______wornbyMary、
∙A.this
∙B.that
∙C.these
∙D.those
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查指代词those/that得用法。
英语句子中为了避免重复常使用代词代替前面出现过得名词。
代替前面得复数名词用those;代替可数名词单数或不可数名词用that。
本句中空格处要填得词代替代替单数可数名词necklace,故选A。
此处that也可以换成theone。
【知识点】指代词those/that得用法
③ Questionassertionsmadebytheauthor、Don'tacceptwhatiswritten atfacevalue、Beforeacceptingwhatiswritten,becertainthattheauthorprovidessufficientsupportforanyassertionsmade、 Lookforfacts,examples,andstatisticsthatprovidesupport、(承上句)Also,looktoseeiftheauthorhasintegratedtheworkofauthorities、
④ parewhatiswrittenwithotherwrittenworkonthesubject、 (4)Looktoseethatwhatiswrittenisconsistentwithwhatothershavewrittenaboutthesubject、 Ifthereareinconsistencies,carefullyevaluatethesupporttheauthorprovidesfortheinconsistencies、(承上句)
本部分重点及难点:
4、Looktoseethatwhatiswritten isconsistentwith whatothershavewrittenaboutthesubject、
beconsistentwith与……一致
consist vi、组成(of);在于(in);符合(with)
TheUnitedKingdomconsistsofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland、
Thebeautyoftheplanconsistsinitssimplicity、
Thisdoesn'tconsistwithwhatyoutoldmeearlier、这与您先前告诉我得不符合。
consist得派生词:
consistent,inconsistent,consistency,inconsistency
请认真答题,答题结果将记入知识点测评得成绩!
【单选题】2、Totellyouthetruth,Ireallyhopethatyouractionswillconsist______yourwordsthistime、
∙A.of
∙B.in
∙C.at
∙D.with
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查consist得用法。
consistof意为"由……组成";consistin意为"在于";consistwith意为"与……一致",故选D。
consistat不存在。
该句得意思就是"说实话,我真希望这次您得言行能一致"。
【知识点】consist得用法
⑤Analyzeassumptionsmadebytheauthor、(5)Assumptionsare whatever theauthormustbelieve istrue inordertomakeassertions、Inmanycases,theauthor'sassumptionsarenotdirectlystated、 Thismeansyoumustreadcarefullyinordertoidentifyanyassumptions、(承上启下句)Onceyouidentifyanassumption,youmustdecidewhetherornottheassumptionisvalid、
⑥Evaluatethesourcestheauthoruses、Indoingthis,becertainthatthesourcesarecredible、Forexample,Einsteinisacrediblesourceiftheauthoriswritingaboutlandmarkachievementsinphysics、Alsobecertainthatthesourcesarerelevant、 Einsteinisnotarelevantsourcewhenthesubjectispoetry、(承上句) Finallyiftheauthoriswritingaboutasubjectinitscurrentstate,besurethatthesourcesarecurrent(启下句)、Forexample,studiesdonebyEinsteinintheearly20thcenturymaynotbeappropriateifthewriterisdiscussingthe currentstateofknowledgeinphysics、
⑦Identifyanypossibleauthorbias、 (6)AwrittendiscussionofAmericanpoliticswilllikely lookconsiderablydifferentdependingonwhetherthewriterisaDemocratoraRepublican、 (7)Whatiswrittenmayverywellreflect abiasedposition、Youneedtotakethispossiblebiasintoaccountwhenreadingwhattheauthorhaswrittenwith"agrainofsalt、"
⑧ Bybeingacriticalreader,youwillbee betterinformed andmay changeyourviewsasappropriate、
本部分重点及难点:
5、Assumptionsare whatevertheauthormustbelieveistrue inordertomakeassertions、
whatever引导得就是表语从句,不能换成nomatterwhat。
名词性从句(主语,宾语,表语,同位语从句)中,"疑问词ever"不能换成"nomatter+疑问词",状语从句中可以换用。
例如:
Whoeverestoourpartyiswele、(不能换成nomatterwho…)
Hewilllendahelpinghandtowhoeverneedshishelp、(不能换)
Hewillbuywhateverhissonwants、(不能换)
Whateveryoudo,Iwillsupportyou、(能换成nomatterwhat…)
6、AwrittendiscussionofAmericanpoliticswill likely lookconsiderablydifferentdependingonwhetherthewriterisaDemocratoraRepublican、
likely在该句中就是副词
likelyadj、/adv、
belikelytodosth、
It'slikelythat…
alikelyresult
Profitwillmostlikelyhaverisenbyabout?
2million、利润极可能增加200万英镑左右。
(副词)
likely得派生词:
unlikely,likelihood。
例如:
Thelikelihoodofinfectionisminimal、感染得可能性极小。
7、Whatiswrittenmayverywellreflect abiasedposition、
abiasedposition
bebiasedto/toward(s)/against
反义词:
unbiased
III、部分练习讲解
P111BridgingtheGap
Directions:
Fillintheblankswithawordoraphrasethatbestpletesthepassage、Youmaychooseasuitableonefromthelistgiven、
解题方法:
把词分类
动词 名词 形容词 副词
define action powerful internally
express tears personal
shape shape good
respond to
Languageisoneofthethingsthatsetsusapartasbeings,oneofthethingsthatessentially 1 definesusashumans、Whenlanguageisusedwellitcanelicitverydeepfeelinginothers,motivateothersto 2 actionanddefinethenatureofourrelationships、Sometimesinpoetrythejuxtaposition(并列)oftwowordsoracertainphrasecanbring 3tearstotheeyes,callupawholehostofimageryandmoveusdeeply、Wehaveseenlanguagerecentlyusedinthepoliticsofpersuasion,usedfor 4 goodorilldependingonyourviewpoint、Whenweuselanguageto 5 expressourtruefeelingstosomeoneitcanopenanddeepentheconnectionbetweenus、Languageisavery 6 powerfultool、Howweuselanguageshapesourworldboth 7 internallyandexternally、Howyouuseselftalkwhatyousaytoyourselfaboutyourselfandabouttheworlddirectly 8 shapes(塑造,使成形) yourexperienceofbothyourselfandtheworld、Howyoudelivermunicationshapesthewaytheworld 9 responds toyou、Wecanuselanguagemoreeffectivelyinbothspheres:
internalandexternalanddirectlyinfluencethehealthandpowerofour 10 personalrelationshipsandourbusinessrelationships、
I、Newwordsandexpressions
Newwords
1、confidence n、自信心;把握
相关词:
confident
beconfidentofsb、/sth、
have/loseconfidenceinsb、/sth、
注意比较:
confident/confidential
2、programv、训练;培养
3、masteryn、控制;驾驭
4、destinyn、命运;天命;天数
5、dramaticallyadv、巨大地;惊人地;显著地
6、qualityn、质量;品质
7、subconsciousadj、下意识得;潛意识得
8、pleasev、使满意;使愉快
9、mandn、(给人或动物得)命令
10、knowinglyadv、故意地;蓄意地
11、impactn、巨大影响;强大作用
12、matterv、事关紧要;有重大影响
13、confidentadj、自信得;有自信心得
14、sensen、(对重大事情得)感觉,意识
15、eliminate v、排除;清除;消除
eliminateallgrammaticalmistakes
beeliminatedinthefirstround
16、disempower v、剥夺;使失去权利;剥夺力量
注意构词法:
dis(表示否定)+em(使,赋予)+power
en/em常见得动词前缀,如:
enable,enrich,endanger,enlarge等。
empowerv、授权,赋予权利
17、selfesteemn、自尊(心)
18、limit v、限制;限定
区分两个名词limit与limitation。
Thereisalimit/arelimitstoone'slife、
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