上海市崇明区届高三第一次高考模拟考试英语试题 Word版含答案.docx
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上海市崇明区届高三第一次高考模拟考试英语试题 Word版含答案.docx
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上海市崇明区届高三第一次高考模拟考试英语试题Word版含答案
崇明区 2019 届第一次英语高考模拟考试试卷
I. Listening Comprehension(略)
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Electric Bike Ban in New York Hurts Food Delivery Workers
A ban on electric bicycles in New York City is hurting delivery workers who depend on them to earn
a living. Many of the workers are immigrants.
Electric bicycles, or “e-bikes,” look like regular bicycles, but they have electric-powered motors to
assist riders in moving the bike forward. Most e-bikes reach speeds of about 32 kilometers an hour, but
some can go much (21)________ (fast).
(22)________ it is legal to own e-bikes in New York City, it is not legal to operate them. Officials there
consider the dangerous use of e-bikes on streets and sidewalks as reason (23)________ the ban. Last year,
the city announced severe measures (24)________ (mean) to hold e-bike riders and restaurants that employ
the riders responsible.
E-bike operators can now be fined $500 for breaking the ban. The police (25)________ also seize the
bikes.
Many of New York’s delivery workers are Chinese immigrants in their 50s and 60s. Their job requires
them to work quickly and for long hours (26)________ (earn) enough money to live on.
Delivery worker Deqing Lian said it is important to perform quality work (27)________ their job also
depends on tips. He added that when delivery workers are too slow, some people refuse to pay for the food.
This makes the workers’ supervisors angry.
Liqiang Liu is an e-bike delivery worker and spokesperson for the New York Delivery Workers Union.
He says (28)________ (catch) breaking the ban and having the bike seized would cause costly delays for
workers.
Do Lee is with the Biking Public Project, (29)________ provides assistance to bicycle-related workers
in New York City. He says the city’s ban on e-bikes is unfairly targeting low-paid workers who largely come
from the city’s Latino and Asian communities. He does not accept the argument (30)________ e-bikes
present a danger to citizens. However, many New Yorkers are quick to blame e-bike riders for not being
safe.
Section B
A. overate
G. presented
B. precious
H. interpret
C. rate
I. goers
D. researchers
J. revealed
E. impression
K. consumer
F. previous
People Think Meals Taste Better If They Are Expensive
It is said that there’s no such thing as a free lunch, but even if you manage to bag a bargain meal, it will
not taste as good as a more expensive meal, according to scientists.
A new study has found that restaurant __31__ who pay more for their meals think the food is tastier
than if it is offered for a smaller price. The experts think that people tend to associate cost with quality and
this changes their __32__ of how food tastes.
Scientists at Cornell University in New York studied the eating habits of 139 people enjoying an Italian
buffet(自助餐) in a restaurant. The price of the food was set by the __33__ at either $4 or $8 for the all-you-
can-eat meal. Customers were asked to __34__ how good the food tasted, the quality of the restaurant and
to leave their names.
The experiment __35__ that the people who paid $8 for the food enjoyed their meal 11 percent more
than those who ate the “cheaper” buffet. Interestingly those that paid for the $4 buffet said they felt guiltier
about loading up their plates and felt that they __36__. However, the scientists said that both groups ate
around the same quantity of food in total, according to the study __37__ at the Experimental Biology
meeting this week.
Brian Wansink, a professor of __38__ behavior at the university, said:
“We were fascinated to find that
pricing has little impact on how much one eats, but a huge impact on how you __39__ the experience.” He
thinks that people enjoyed their food more as they associated cost with quality and that small changes to a
restaurant can change how tasty people find their meals.
In a(n) __40__ study, scientists from the university showed that people who eat in dim lighting consume
175 less calories(卡路里) than people who eat in brightly lit areas.
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
How Climate Change Affects Airline Flights
Hot weather has forced dozens of commercial flights to be canceled at airports in the Southwest this
summer. This flight-disturbing __41__ is a warning sign. Climate change is projected to have far-reaching
__42__ --including sea level rise flooding cities and shifting weather patterns causing long-term declines in
agricultural production. And there is evidence that it is beginning to affect the takeoff performance of
commercial aircraft, with potential effects on airline __43__.
National and global transportation systems and the economic activity they support have been designed
for the climate in which it all developed. In the aviation(航空) industry, airports and aircraft are designed
for the weather conditions experienced __44__. Because the climate is changing, even fundamental
elements like airports and key economic parts like air transportation may need to be __45__.
As scientists focused on the impacts of climate change and extreme weather on human society and
natural ecosystems around the world, our research has quantified how extreme heat associated with our
warming climate may affect __46__ around the world. We’ve found that major airports from New York to
Dubai to Bangkok will see more frequent takeoff weight __47__ in the coming decades due to increasingly
common hot temperatures, which can help reduce the aircraft’s weight so as to lower its required takeoff
speed.
There is obvious evidence that extreme events such as heat waves and coastal flooding are happening
with greater frequency and intensity than just a few decades ago. And if we __48__ to reduce greenhouse
gas emissions significantly in the next few decades, the frequency and intensity of these extremes is
projected to increase dramatically.
The __49__ on aviation may be widespread. Many airports are built near sea level, putting them at risk
of more frequent __50__ as oceans rise. The frequency and intensity of violent air movement may increase
in some regions due to strengthening high-altitude(高海拔的) wind. Stronger winds would force airlines
and pilots to change flight lengths and routings, potentially increasing fuel __51__.
Many departments of the economy, including the aviation industry, have yet to seriously __52__ the
effects of climate change. The sooner, the better:
Both airport construction and aircraft design take decades,
and have __53__ effects. Today’s newest planes may well be flying in 40 or 50 years, and their __54__ are
being designed now. The earlier climate impacts are understood and appreciated, the more effective and less
costly adaptation can be. Those adaptations may even include innovative ways to dramatically reduce
climate-altering emissions across the aviation industry, which would help reduce the problem while also
__55__ it.
41. A. scheme
42. A. contributions
43. A. pilots
44. A. historically
45. A. retested
46. A. travels
47. A. disorders
48. A. happen
49. A. taxes
50. A. flooding
51. A. standard
52. A. consider
53. A. greater
54. A. airports
55. A. sneezing at
B. heat
B. confusions
B. reservations
B. enormously
B. implemented
B. developments
B. gains
B. fail
B. effects
B. rotting
B. efficiency
B. avoid
B. different
B. products
B. responding to
C. shift
C. feedbacks
C. costs
C. fundamentally
C. prospected
C. flights
C. bans
C. aim
C. viewpoints
C. repairing
C. distribution
C. maximize
C. lasting
C. contracts
C. resulting in
D. mess
D. consequences
D. accidents
D. domestically
D. reengineered
D. communications
D. restrictions
D. promise
D. comments
D. transferring
D. consumption
D. demonstrate
D. direct
D. replacements
D. recovering from
Section B
Directions :
Read the following three passage . Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished
statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best
according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
Flu is killing us. The usual response to the annual flu is not enough to fight against the risks we currently
face, let alone prepare us for an even deadlier widespread flu that most experts agree will come in the future.
Yes, we have an annual vaccine(疫苗), and everyone qualified should get it without question. The reality ,
however, is that less than half Americans get the flu vaccines. And the flu vaccines we have are only 60%
effective in the best years and 10% effective in the worst years. We urgently need a much more effective flu
vaccine.
In the U.S alone, seasonal flu can cause up to 36 million infections, three-quarters of a million
hospitalizations and 56,000 deaths. We are not investing the resources needed to protect ourselves, our loved
ones and our communities.
Why not?
We haven’t been hit by a truly destructive widespread disease in a long time. So as individuals,
we let down our guard as our leaders quietly defund and distaff the services we need to protect us.
The risk of continued foot dragging is huge. In a severe widespread disease, the U.S health care system
could be defeated in just weeks. Millions of people would be infected by the virus, and would die in the
weeks and months following the initial outbreak.
The cost of preventing epidemics(流行病) is roughly a tenth of what it costs to cope with them when
they hit. In 2012, a call was issued for an annual billion-dollar U.S. commitment to the development of a
universal flu vaccine. Six years later, the search for a universal vaccine remained seriously underfunded.
The simple reason lies in our collective satisfaction. As soon as headlines about the flu are going
hospitals are emptied of flu patients, and school and workplace absence rates declines, we
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