职称英语真题理工类b级试题.docx
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职称英语真题理工类b级试题.docx
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职称英语真题理工类b级试题
2014年职称英语真题理工类b级试题(word版)
第1部分:
词汇选项(第1~15题,每题1分,共15分)
下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语划有底横线,请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
1.Themajorityofpeoplearoundhereare?
decent.A.real?
B.honest?
C.normalD.wealthy
2.Thecurriculumwastoonarrowandtoo?
rigid.A.hiddenB.traditional?
C.inflexible?
D.official
3.Thecommitteewasaskedto?
render?
areportonthehousingsituation.A.furnish?
B.copyC.publishD.summarize
4.Afterwardstherewasjustafeelingof?
letdown.A.excitement?
B.disappointment?
C.angerD.calm
5.Severalwindowshadbeen?
smashed.A.cleanedB.replacedC.fixed?
D.broken
6.Theworst?
agonies?
ofthewarwerenowbeginning.A.pains?
B.partsC.aspectsD.results
7.Londonquicklybecamea?
flourishing?
port.A.majorB.large?
C.successful?
D.commercial
8.Shefeltthatshehaddonehergood?
deed?
fortheday.A.homeworkB.justiceC.model?
D.act
9.Heledavery?
moral?
life.A.humanB.intelligentC.natural?
D.honorable
10.Hisstomachfelt?
hollow?
withfear.A.sincereB.respectful?
C.empty?
D.terrible
11.Itwasamagicnightuntilthe?
spell?
wasbroken.A.time?
B.charm?
C.spaceD.opportunity
12.Hisprofessionalcareer?
spanned?
16years.A.startedB.changedC.moved?
D.lasted
13.Theyaretryingto?
identify?
whatiswrongwiththepresentsystem.A.discover?
B.proveC.considerD.imagine
14.HisknowledgeofFrenchis?
fair.A.veryusefulB.verylimited?
C.quitegood?
D.ratherspecial
15.Thegroupdoesnot?
advocate?
theuseofviolence.A.limitB.regulateC.oppose?
D.Support
答案:
1-5BCABD6-10ACDDC11-15BDACD
第二部分:
阅读判断
下面的短文后列出了7个句子,请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断:
如果该句提供的是正确信息,请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息,请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及,请选择C。
SoMany'Earths'
TheMilkyWay(银河)containsbillionsofEarth-sizedplanetsthatcouldsupportlifethat'sthefindingofanewstudy.ItdrawsondatethatcamefromNASA'stopplanet-huntingtelescope.
AmechanicalfailurerecentlyputthatKeplerspacetelescopeoutofservice.Keplerhadplayedabigroleincreatingacensusofplanetsorbitingsome170,000stars.Itsdatahavebeenhelpingastronomerspredicthowcommonplanetsareinourgalaxy.ThetelescopefocusedonhuntingplanetsthatmighthaveconditionssimilartothoseonEarth.
Theauthorsofastudy,publishedinTheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofsciences,concludethatbetween14and30outofevery100stars,withamassandtemperaturesimilartotheSun,mayhostaplanetthatcouldsupportlifeasweknowit.
SuchaplanetwouldhaveadiameteratleastaslargeasEarth's,butnomorethantwicethatbig.Theplanetalsowouldhavetoorbitinastar'shabitablezone.That'swherethesurfacetemperaturewouldallowanywatertoexistasaliquid.
Thenewestimateofhowmanyplanetsmightfittheseconditionscomesfromstudyingmorethan42,000starsandidentifyingsuitableworldsorbitingthem.Thescientistsusedthosenumberstoextrapolate(推算)totherestofthestarsthatthetelescopecouldnotsee.
Theestimateisrough,theauthorsadmit.Ifappliedtothesolarsystem,itwoulddefineashabitableazonestartingasclosetotheSunasVenusandrunningtoasfarawayasMars.NeitherplanetisEarthlike(althougheithermighthavebeeninthedistantpast).Usingtighterlimits,theresearchersestimatethatbetween4and8outofevery100SunlikestarscouldhostanEarth-sizedworld.Theseareonesthatwouldtake200to400daystocompleteayearlyorbit.
Fouroutofevery100sunlikestarsdoesn'tsoundlikeabignumber.Itwouldmean,however,thattheMilkyWaycouldhostmorethanabillionEarth-sizedplanetswithachangeforlife.
16.TheKeplerspacetelescopehasbeeninservicefor15years.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
17.ThemaintaskoftheKeplerspacetelescopeistofindoutplanetswithsimilarconditionstoEarth's.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
18.TheplanetthatcouldsupportlifemightbealittlebitsmallerthanEarth.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
19.TheEarthisplanetorbitingintheSun'shabitablezone.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
20.Thenewfindingisbasedonathoroughstudyof170,000starsintheMilkyWay.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
21.Theestimateofthenumberofplanetsthatcouldsupportlifeisnotveryaccurate.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
22.Thisisthefirstresearchfindingabouttheplanetswithachanceforlife.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
答案:
16.C17.A18.B19.A20.B21.A22.C
第三部分:
概括大意与完成句子
阅读下面这篇短文,短文后有2项测试,任务:
(1)1-4题要求从所给的4个选项中为段每段选择1个正确的小标题;
(2)第5-8题要求从所给的5个选项中选择4个正确选项,分别完成每个句子。
ClimateChange:
TheLongReach
1.Earthiswarming.Sealevelsarerising.There'smorecarbonintheair,andArcticiceismeltingfasterthanatanytimeinrecordedhistory.Scientistswhostudytheenvironmenttobettergauge(评估).Earth'sfutureclimatenowarguethatthesechangesmaynotreverseforaverylongtime.
2.Peopleburnfossilfuelslikecoalandoilforenergy.Thatburningreleasescarbondioxide,acolorlessgas.Intheair,thisgastrapsheatatEarth'ssurface.Andthemorecarbondioxidereleased,themoretheplanetwarms.Ifcurrentconsumptionoffossilfuelsdoesn'tslow,thelong-termclimateimpactscouldlastthousandsofyears-andbemoreseverethanscientistshadbeenexpecting.ClimatologistRichardZeebeoftheUniversityofHawaiiatManoaoffersthisconclusioninanewpaper.
3.Mostclimate-changestudieslookatwhat'sgoingtohappeninthenextcenturyorso.Duringthattime,changesintheplanet'senvironmentcouldnudge(推动)globalwarmingevenhigher.Forexample:
Snowandicereflectsunlightbackintospace.Butasthesemelt,sunlightcannowreach--andwarm–theexposedground.Thisextraheatraisestheairtemperatureevenmore,causingevenmoresnowtomelt.Thistypeofrapidexaggerationofimpactsiscalleda‘fastfeedback'.
4.Zeebesaysit'simportanttolookatfastfeedbacks.However,headds,they'relimited.Fromaclimatechangeperspective,‘Thiscenturyisthemostimportanttimeforthenextfewgenerations',hetoldScienceNews“Buttheworldisnotendingin2100”.Forhisnewstudy.Zeebehowfocuseson“slowfeedbacks”.Whilefastfeedbackeventsunfoldoverdecadesorcenturies,slowfeedbackscantakethousandsofyears.Meltingofcontinentalicesheetsandthemigrationofplantlife---astheyrelocatetomorecomfortableareas---aretwoexamplesofslowfeedbacks.
5.Zeebegatheredinformationfrompreviouslypublishedstudiesinvestigatinghowsuchprocessesplayedoutoverthousandsofyearsduringpastdramaticchangesinclimate.Thenhecameupwithaforecastforthefuturethataccountsforbothslowandfastfeedbackprocesses.ClimateforecaststhatuseonlyfastfeedbackspredictadegreeCelsiusdegreeFahrenheit)changebytheyear3000.Butslowfeedbacksaddedanother℃--fora6totalincrease,Zeebereports.Healsofoundthatslowfeedbackeventswillcauseglobalwarmingtopersistforthousandsofyearsafterpeoplerunoutoffossilfuelstoburn.
23.Paragraph2________24.Paragraph3________25.Paragraph4________26.Paragraph5________
A.ApredictionoffutureclimatechangeB.ImpactofburningfossilfuelsC.Fastfeedbacks
D.UnpredictabilityoffeedbackprocessesE.RisingofsealevelsF.Slowfeedbacks
答案:
23.B24.C25.F
27.Arcticicehasneverbeenmeltingsofastin_______
28.Meltingofsnowandiceenablessunlighttoreach________
29.Zeebecameupwithhisfutureclimatepredictionbyanalyzing________
30.Afterfossilfuelsareusedup,globalwarmingwillcontinuefor________
A.rapidexaggerationofimpactsB.averylongtimeC.theextraheat
D.previouslypublishedstudiesE.theexposedgroundF.recordedhistory
答案:
27.F28.E29.D
第4部分:
阅读理解(第31~45题,每题3分,共45分)
下面有3篇短文,每篇短文后有5道题。
请根据短文内容,为每题确定1个最佳选项。
第一篇Eye-trackerLotsYouDragandDropFileswithaGlance
Boredofusingamouse?
Soonyou'llbeabletochangestuffonyourcomputerscreen–andthenmoveitdirectlyontoyoursmartphoneortablet(平板电脑)–withnothingmorethanaglance.
AsystemcalledEyeDropusesahead-mountedeyetrackerthatsimultaneouslyrecordsyourfieldofviewsoitknowswhereyouarelookingonthescreen.Gazingatanobject–aphoto,say–andthenpressingakey,selectsthatobject.Itcanthenbemovedfromthescreentoatabletorsmartphonejustbyglancingattheseconddevice,aslongasthetwoareconnectedwirelessly.
"Thebeautyofusinggazetosupportthisisthatoureyesnaturallyfocusoncontentthatwewanttoacquire,"saysJaysonTurner,whodevelopedthesystemwithcolleaguesatLancasterUniversity,UK.
TurnerbelievesEyeDropwouldbeusefultotransferaninteractivemaporcontactinformationfromapublicdisplaytoyoursmartphoneorforsharingphotos.
Abuttonneedstobeusedtoselecttheobjectyouarelookingatotherwiseyouendupwiththe"Midastouch"(点石成金)effect,wherebyeverythingyoulookatgetsselectedbyyourgaze,saysTurner."Imagineifyourmouseclickedoneverythingitpointedat,"hesays.
ChristianHolz,aresearcherinhuman-computerinteractionatYahooLabsinSunnyvale,California,saysthesystemisanicetakeongettingroundthisfundamentalproblemofusinggaze-trackingtointeract."EyeDropsolvesthisinaslick(灵巧的)waybycombiningitwithinputonthetouchdeviceswecarrywithusmostofthetimeanywayandusingtouchinputasaclutchingmechanism,"hesays."Thisnowallowsuserstoseamlessly(无缝地)interactacrossdevicesfarandcloseinaverynaturalmanner."
Whilecurrenteye-trackersareratherbulky,mainstreamconsumerdevicesarenottoofaraway.SwedishfirmTobiiisdevelopinggaze-trackingtechnologythatcanbeinstalledinlaptopsandtabletsandisexpectedtobeavailabletobuynextyear.An
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