考研英语二阅读理解A节多项选择.docx
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考研英语二阅读理解A节多项选择.docx
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考研英语二阅读理解A节多项选择
2021考研英语二:
-阅读理解A节(多项选择)
章节分类:
◆文化教育类〔Passage1-3〕
◆社会生活类〔Passage4-7〕
◆科普科技类〔Passage8-10〕
◆商业经济类〔Passage11-13〕
◆医疗保健类〔Passage14-16〕
◆文化教育类
Passage1
ThinkofthesolitudefeltbyMarieSmithbeforeshediedearlierthisyearinhernativeAlaska,at89.ShewasthelastpersonwhoknewthelanguageoftheEyakpeopleasamother-tongue.OrimagineNedMandrell,whodiedin1974—hewasthelastnativespeakerofManx,similartoIrishandScotsGaelic.Boththesepeoplehadthecomfortofbeingsurrounded,someofthetime,byenthusiastswhoknewsomethingpreciouswasvanishingandtriedtorecordandlearnwhatevertheycouldofavanishingtongue.Inremotepartsoftheworld,dozensmorepeopleareonthepointoftakingtotheirstavesasystemofcommunicationthatwillneverberecordedorreconstructed.
Doesitmatter?
Plentyoflanguages—amongthemAkkadian,Etruscan,TangutandChibcha—havegonethewayofthedodo,withoutcausingmuchtroubletoposterity.Shouldanyonelosesleepoverthefactthatmanytongues—fromManchu(spokeninChina)toHua(Botswana)andGwich’in(Alaska)—areindangerofsufferingasimilarfate?
Comparedwithgroupswholobbytosaveanimalsortrees,campaignerswholobbytopreservelanguagesarethemselvesararebreed.Buttheyaretryingbothtomitigateandpubliciseanalarmingaccelerationintherateatwhichlanguagesarevanishing.Ofsome6,900tonguesspokenintheworldtoday,some50%to90%couldbegonebytheendofthecentury.InAfrica,atleast300languagesareinnear-termdanger,and200morehavediedrecentlyorareonthevergeofdeath.Some145languagesarethreatenedinEastandSouth-EastAsia.
globalone(suchasEnglish,MandarinorSpanish).Andevenifparentstrytokeeptheoldspeechalive,theireffortscanbedoomedbyfilmsandcomputergames.
(此文选自TheEconomist2022年刊)
1.Accordingtoparagraph1,MarieSmith’ssolituderesultsfromthefactthat.
[A]shelivesaloneandnooneaccompaniesher.
[B]peoplearoundhercouldnotunderstandherlanguage.
[C]sheisthelastpersonhavingEyakasmother-tongue.
[D]asanativeAlaska,shelivesfarawayfromthatplace.
2.Whatdocampaignerswholobbytopreservelanguagesdotosaveendangeredlanguages?
[A]Takemeasurestoslowdownlanguages’vanishingrate.
[B]Trytomakeknownlanguages’acceleratingvanishingrate.
[C]Tryalltheirouttorecordandreconstructthevanishinglanguages.
[D]Slowdownlanguages’vanishingrateandmeanwhilemakeitknown.
3.Inparagraphs4and5theauthordiscussesthat.
[A]masteringRussianisthekeytosuccessintheSovietUnion.
[B]citizensofChinashouldfocusontheacquisitionofMandarin.
[C]Englishreachesitspresentglobalstatusasaworldlanguage.
[D]languagesfaceobviousthreatintheshapeofapoliticalpower.
4.Whatdoestheauthorfeelaboutthevanishinglanguagesthroughouttheworld?
[A]Concerned.[B]Indifferent.
[C]Pleased.[D]Sympathetic.
5.Inthefuture,thenumberoflanguageswill.
[A]stopdecreasing.
[B]begintoincrease.
[C]continuetodecrease.
[D]stopincreasing.
【答案解析】
1.C事实细节题。
根据题干关键词MarieSmith提示定位至第一段。
由本段第二句ShewasthelastpersonwhoknewthelanguageoftheEyakpeopleasamother-tongue.可知首句中solitude指除了她之外没有掌握埃亚克人母语的人了,故C正确;A文中未提及;B干扰最大,文中讲到她是最后一位掌握埃亚克人母语的人,但并不意味着没人懂她的语言,而且由后文可知她和周围人是可以交流的,故排除;D文中未提及。
2.D事实细节题。
根据关键词campaignerswholobbytopreservelanguages定位至第三段。
该段中提到这些人theyaretryingbothtomitigateandpubliciseanalarmingaccelerationintherateatwhichlanguagesarevanishing.可知他们正试图降低语言加速消亡的速度,同时使语言加速消亡的现象为公众所知,D为正确答案。
3.D主旨大意题。
根据题干提示定位至第四、五段。
第四段首句Somelanguages,evenrobustones,faceanobviousthreatintheshapeofapoliticalpowerbentonimposingamajoritytongue.接下来以俄语、汉语和英语为例证明政治倾向对语言流行的影响,因而正确答案是D。
A、B和C都是文中的细节,支撑首句论点,排除。
4.A观点态度题。
根据文中作者的选词造句判断。
文中首先出现solitude,然后反问指,当面临语言消失的问题时人们所采取的措施是否见效?
人们是否该失眠?
这些为保存语言进行游说的人是ararebreed,后又讲到政治对语言流行的obviousthreat,这些词充分表达了作者对消失的语言是非常关心的态度,故A正确,排除B、C和D。
5.C推理判断题。
推测语言开展的趋势,这要综合全文进行判断。
文章首先讲到某些语言正在消失,然后讲到人们试图降低近年来语言加速消失的速度,以及政治威胁着某些语言的存在和在群众传播工具盛行的时代语言多样化更自发地受到威胁,这说明语言的多样性将会保持继续减少的趋势,所以正确答案是C。
Passage2
Let’sbefrank:
collegecanbetough.Accordingtoa2022studybytheAmericanCollegeHealthAssociation,43percentofstudentsreportedhavingfelt“sodepresseditwasdifficulttofunction〞atleastonceintheprioryear.Otherstudies,basedonstudentsurveys,suggestthatoneinfiveundergraduatesreportedhavinganeatingdisorder,oneinsixhaddeliberatelycutorburnedhimselfandonein10hadconsideredsuicide.
Giventhosenumbers,it’sdeeplytroublingthatin2022just8.5percentofstudentsusedtheircollege’scounselingservices.Inotherwords,studentsweremorelikelytoconsiderkillingthemselvesthantoseekhelp.“AfterVirginiaTech,studentsfeelmoreafraidtodiscussmental-healthproblems,〞saysAlisonMalmon,thefounderofActiveMinds,anationalgroupthatpromotesmental-healthawarenessoncampus.“Theythinkthey’llbelabeledasthecrazykidwho’llshootuptheschool.〞
Counselorssaythatwhiletheydokeepaneyeoutforstudentswhomightposearisktoothers,theoverwhelmingmajorityoftheirpatientsarenothreattoanyonebutthemselves.“Thethingsthatmakeitintothemediaaren’tpeople’severydaystruggles,〞saysGregoryEells,headofCornell’scounselingserviceandpresidentoftheAssociationforUniversityandCollegeCounselingCenterDirectors.“Weneedtoletstudentsknowthatseekingtreatmentisastrong,smartthing.“
Counselingservicesmustlookfornewwaystoreachouttotroubledstudents.NYUfreshmenaretreatedannuallytoa“realityshow,〞inwhichNYUstudentactorsperformskitsontopicsfromdepressiontodrugabuse.AtHarvard,studentscanwiniPodsforattendingmental-healthscreeningsessionsandareinvitedto“pajamaparty〞panels,whereflannel-cladcounselorsdispensemilkandcookiesalongwithadviceabouttheimportanceofsleep.“There’sstillahighlevelofstigma,〞saysRichardKadison,headofHarvard’smental-healthservices.“We’retryingtofindcreativewaysofgettingthemessageout.〞
Manycampusesalsoofferonlineservicesallowingstudentstocompleteinformaldiagnosticquizzesawayfromthepryingeyesoftheirpeers.“Youtakeitintheprivacyofyourowndormroom—notatsomeeventwhereabunchofotherstudentsmightbewatchingyou,〞saysKatherineCruise,adirectorofScreeningforMentalHealth,anonprofitthatservesabout500campuses.Theresultsareconfidential,butcanhelpnudgestudentstowardcounselingservices.
Still,studentsandcounselorsagreethatthemosteffectiveoutreachprogramsarethoseledbystudentsthemselves.“It’sdifferentwhenyouhearsomethingfromanotherstudent,〞saysSemmieKim,aneuro-sciencemajorwhofoundedMIT’schapterofActiveMindsin2022.She’sheldeventslikeabubble-wrapstomptohelpstudentsventpre-examstress,butsayshergroup’smostimportantroleistoprovidetroubledpeerswithasympatheticear.“Wewanttomakestudentsrealizethey’renotalone,〞shesays.Collegewillalwaysbetough,butthere’snoneedtosufferinsilence.
(此文选自Newsweek2022年刊)
1.Accordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs,whichhastheleastprobabilitytohappenonmentallytroubledundergraduates?
[A]Haveaneatingdisorder.
[B]Cutthemselvesdeliberately.
[C]Considercommittingsuicide.
[D]Seekhelpfromcounselors.
2.Whichofthefollowingisthemostchallengingfortheworkofcounselingservices?
[A]Moreandmorecollegestudentssufferfrommental-healthproblems.
[B]Thoughmanystudentshavemental-healthproblem,fewofthemseekcounseling.
[C]Theyhavetokeepaneyeoutforstudentswhomightposearisktoothers.
[D]Persuadepeopleintobelievingwhat’smadeintothemediaisn’tverypopular.
3.Themosteffectivewaytoregainstudents’mentalhealthisthat.
[A]counselorsholdmental-healthscreeningsessionsmorefrequently.
[B]campusesoffermoreonlineservicestokeepstudents’privacy.
[C]outreachprogramsarecreatedbystudentsthemselves.
[D]neurosciencemajorsfoundmoreassociationsinpsychologicalaspect.
4.Accordingtothepassage,wemayinferthatinthefuture.
[A]lessandlessstudentswillgotouniversitytoavoidconfrontingmental-healthproblems.
[B]moreandmorestudentswillgotouniversitytofindwaystomakeuniversitieslesstough.
[C]undergraduateswillhavenochoicebuttocontinuetosufferfrommental-healthproblemsinsilence.
[D]undergraduatesaresupposedtofindwaystoletmentalsufferingoutwithpsychologicalcounselors’help.
5.Whichofthefollowingmaybethemostoriginalreasonfortheproblemofundergraduates’mental-health?
[A]Collegesaretoughandmanystudentscouldn’tadjustthemselvestoitwell.
[B]Thereisthelackofenoughcounselingservicetohelptroubledstudentsout.
[C]Theythinkthey’llbelabelledasthecrazykidsbecauseoftheirmentaldifficulty.
[D]Theoverwhelmingmajorityoftroubledstudentsarenothreattoanyonebutthemselves.
【答案解析】
1.D事实细节题。
根据题干提示定位至前两段。
由第一段末句中的比例可知考虑自杀的学生比例最小为1/10,接着在第二段中just8.5percentofstudentsusedtheircollege’scounselingservices…studentsweremorelikelytoconsiderkillingthemselvesthantoseekhelp.可知寻求咨询的比例比考虑自杀的学生还要低,即他们最不可能去心理咨询,故答案是D。
2.B事实细节题。
此题要根据文章写作思路和文章结构整体把握。
本文首先提出有心理健康问题的学生因害怕被当做是异类而很少去进行心理咨询,然后说专家想努力让学生认识到心理咨询是有效、明智的选择,最后讲到学校为了帮助有困难的学生而采取的种种措施。
由此可见,心理咨询效劳面临的最大挑战是如何让更多的有困难的学生勇于向其求助,故答案是B;A、C和D表达均与文中不符,排除。
3.C推理判断题。
由题干信息Themosteffectiveway可定位至最后一段。
本段第一句…themosteffectiveoutreachprogramsarethoseledbystudentsthemselves.可知C正确;A、B、D所提到的都是解决大学生心理健康问题的有效方法,但与题意不符,故排除。
4.D推理判断题。
此题要注意对全篇的把握。
:
本文首先介绍了有心理健康问题的学生因怕被人视为另类而很少进行心理咨询;然后指明专家们努力让学生认识到心理咨询是有效、明智的选择;最后提出了许多有效的解决方法,证明心理问题是可
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