届 新高考地区全真模拟练习卷十英语试题word 含答案.docx
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届 新高考地区全真模拟练习卷十英语试题word 含答案.docx
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届新高考地区全真模拟练习卷十英语试题word含答案
2021年新高考地区全真模拟练习卷(十)
英语试题
注意事项:
1.本试卷由四个部分组成。
其中,第一、二部分和第三部分的第一节为选择题。
第三部分的第二节和第四部分为非选择题。
2.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
3.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。
4.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
TeensForPlanetEarth
Thisisasocialnetworkingsiteforteenagerswhowanttogetinvolvedinprotectingourplanet.Theycanconnectwithothergreen-mindedteens,chooseaprojectorcreatetheirown.TeensForPlanetEarthencouragesyoungfolkstogetbusyintheirowncommunities.Theyofferguidanceonlocalprojectswithcategoriessuchashabitats,animals,waterandeducation.Awardsaregiventoactivemembers.
Meez
AtMeez,teenscancreatetheirownavatars(头像),roomsandvirtualpets.Itisasocialcommunityofcreativepeoplethatcombinesavatars,virtualworldsandgames.Meezofferscontestsandchataswellashomeworkhelp,afashioncentralandawriters’corner.Achatareaforyoungerteensisavailable.Otherareasaremusic,geek(极客)central,artandsports.
Cyberteens
Cyberteensisanothercoolsitethatcelebratestheteenyears.Hereteenagerscanfindcommunity,games,andnews.Thereisalinkcalled“creativity”whereteenscansharetheirpoems,stories,photosandartwork.The“coollinks”sectionoffersahugevarietyofoptionstothecuriousteens.Thissitealsohassurveysandhelpswithjobsandschoolwork.
S
Sisaresourcesiteforteensandhighschoolstudents.Itssocialnetworkhasover900,000members.Membersearnpointstowinprizesjustbybrowsingandtheyofferseveralmulti-playergames.Pointsareusedtobuyitemsatauction(拍卖会).Sisfilledwithusefulinformationandarticles.
1.WhatisTeensForPlanetEarthaimedto?
A.Setupaproject.B.Giveawardstoteens.
C.Getyoungfolksbusy.D.Giveadviceonlocalprojects.
2.Whichwebsiteoffersassistanceinjobs?
A.TeensForPlanetEarth.B.Meez.
C.Cyberteens.D.S.
3.WhatmakesSspecialamongthesewebsites?
A.Ithasthemostmembers.
B.Teenscanreadarticlesonit.
C.Itoffershelponschoolwork.
D.Teenscanmakepurchasesonit.
B
Thirtyyearsago,Switzerland-basedartistKlausLittmancameacrossaprofounddrawingtitledTheUnendingAttractionofNature.Thedrawing,byAustrianartistandarchitectMaxPeintner,displaysasceneinwhichnatureissodetachedfromtheenvironmentthatitbecomesjustapatch(块),preservedforentertainment.
“WhenIfirstsawthepencildrawing,Iwasfascinated.Iknewthatonedaythisworkwouldbethestartingpointforamajorartprojectinpublicspace,”saysLittmann.
Now,decadeslater,Littmannhasfulfilledthevisionwiththeinstallation(艺术装置)ofFORFOREST:
TheUnendingAttractionofNature.Makingthelinesbetweenart,architectureandnatureunclear,theinstallationsetsanativecentralEuropeanforestinthemidstof30,000personWortherseefootballStadiuminKlagenfurt.Withnearly300treesplanted,someweighinguptosixtonseach,it'sAustria'slargestpublicartinstallationtodate.
Inthefaceofclimatecrisisanddeforestation,FORFORESTcomeswithamorepressingurgency.Asexplainedinastatementabouttheinstallation,“Insupportoftodaysmostpressingissuesonclimatechangeanddeforestation,FORFORESTaimstochallengeourviewofnatureandquestionitsfuture.Itseekstobecomeamemorial,remindingusthatnature,whichwesooftentakeforgranted,maysomedayonlybefoundinspecialspace,asisalreadythecasewithanimalsinzoos.”
TheactualcreationofthemanmadeforestwasoverseenbylandscapearchitectEnzoEneaandhiscompany,EneaLandscapeArchitecture,whichincludesarangeofspeciesinit.ItwasopenedonSeptember8andonecanimagineitalreadyattractingsurprisedandhappycreaturestothefield.
However,theinstallationwillcloseonOctober27.Inashortvideoaboutthework,Littmansayshisobjectiveisnevertomakesomethingthatwilllastforever;rather,hesays,“Myobjectiveisforthispicturetoremaininpeople'sheadforalifetime.”
4.WhyisthepaintingTheUnendingAttractionofNaturementioned?
A.TotellthesourceofLittmann'sinspiration.B.Tolistanexampleofthenature-themedart,
C.TodescribeLittmann'simpressionofnature,D.ToshowLittmann'sfinetasteinmodernart.
5.WhyisFORFORESTsignificant?
A.Ithasgreatlypromotedlocaltourism.B.ItisAustria'sgreenestartisticwork.
C.Ithaspreservedvariousrareplants.D.Itwarnsusofenvironmentalissues.
6.Whatcanbeknownabouttheinstallation?
A.Itisawasteoftime.B.Itistemporary.
C.Itisoflittlepopularity.D.Itisunrealistic.
7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?
A.Alivingartworkinalargestadium.B.Anenvironment-friendlypainting.
C.Apermanentprivateartinstallation.D.Anartificialforestforentertainment.
C
Experiencinghardshipearlyinlifeisawful.Andworse,itcanmeanadifficultroadahead.Livingalifewithoutanystressseemslikeamuchbetteralternative.Butitisn'tnecessarilyagoodthing,researchisnowshowing.Asmallamountofstressmayactuallyhelpkidsbuildresilience,whichistheabilitytobouncebackafterabadexperience.
Inone2010study,researcherswantedtounderstandhowstressaffectsresilience.Theysurveyed2,398adultsintheUnitedStates.Participantsansweredquestionsabouttheirmentalhealthandoverallhealth.Andtheyindicatediftheyhadexperiencedvaryinglevelsofadversity.Thesurveyshowedadultswhofacedsomeadversityreportedfewersymptomsofpsychologicalproblemsthanthosewhohadexperiencedheavyadversity.Theyalsoperformedbetterthanthosewhohadsailedthroughchildhoodwithfewhardtimes.
DavidLyonsisaprofessoratStanfordUniversityinCaliforniaHisteamreportedevidenceforthisinaNovember2019paperinScientificReports.Theteamstudiedsmallsquirrelmonkeys.Thesemonkeysexperiencedvarying“doses”ofstress.“Nostress”monkeysenjoyedatypicallifeinthelab:
Theywerehousedinacagewiththeirmotherandsiblingsandtherewasplentyofwaterandfood.Asecondgroupfacedamildstressor:
Theyspentanhouradayawayfromtheirsiblingson10straightdays.Thestressdosewentupforathirdgroupwherethesemonkeyshaddailyseparationfromsiblingsandnoaccesstomotherduringthathour.Twomoregroupsexperienceddailyseparationfromboththeirmotherandsiblings.
Tenweekslater,eachmonkeywasmovedwithitsmothertoanunfamiliarcage.Theresearchersassessedthemonkeys'willingnesstoletgoofmotherandexplorethenewdigsOnthewhole,monkeysthatfacedoneortwostressors(groups2and3)dependlessotheirmothersthanthoseinthelasttwogroups.TheyalsomorereadilyexploredtheirnewsurroundingsIngeneral,theyshowedlessanxietythanboththenostressandhighstressgroups.
“Growinguphealthymeanslearninghowtodealwithmildchallengesandchanges,”Lyonsconcludes.
8.Whatdocstheunderlinedword“it”inparagraph1referto?
A.Choosingadifficultroad.B.Leadingastressfreelife.
C.Experiencinghardshipearly.D.Bouncingbackafterfailing
9.Whatdidthe2010studyindicate?
A.Heavyadversitycanharmhealth.B.Childhoodadversityisunnecessary.
C.Peoplewithmorestressarestronger.D.Adultshavemuchmorementalstress.
10.WhatdidDavidLyons'steamdointheirresearch?
A.Theyassessedmonkeys'mentalhealth.B.Theysetsmallmonkeysfreeinnature.
C.Theydesigneddifferentlevelsofstress.D.Theydividedmonkeysintotwogroups.
11.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?
A.ResilienceComesFromNothingbutLifeStress
B.MildStressMayHelpChildrenBuildResilience
C.YoungPeopleHaveTroubleHandlingChallenges
D.GrowingUpHealthyMeansAdaptingtoChanges
D
Oneinfivepeoplecarrya“smartgene”variant(变体)linkedtolonglifespan,biggerforebrainsandenhancedmentalability,researchershavefound.
“We’veknownforalongtimethatpeoplelosecognitive(认知)abilitiesastheyage,butnowwe’rebeginningtounderstandthatfactorslikeKLOTHOcangivepeopleaboostinaging.GeneticvariationinKLOTHOcouldhelpuspredictbrainhealthandfindwaystoprotectpeoplefromthediseasesthathappentousaswegrowold,likeAlzheimer’sdisease(老年痴呆症),”saidseniorauthor,DenaDubalofUniversityofCalifornia.
TheKLOTHOgeneaffectsaproteinfoundinthekidneysandthebrainthatregulatesmanydifferentbodyprocesses.Aboutoneinfivepeoplecarryasinglecopyofthevariant,knownasKL-VS,whichboostslevelsoftheproteinandisassociatedwithalongerlifespanandimprovedheartandkidneyfunction.Asmallminority,3%ofthepopulation,hastwocopies,whichislinkedtoashorterlifespan.
Inthenewstudyscientistsscannedthebrainsof422menandwomenaged53andoverwhowerealsotestedfortheKLOTHOgene.TheyfoundthatparticipantswithasinglecopyofthegenevariantalsohadalargerbrainregionknownasRDLPFC,whichisespeciallylikelytoshrinkwithage.Lossofneuronsinthisareamaybeonereasonwhyolderpeoplearesometimeseasilydistractedandfinditdifficulttodomorethanonetaskatthesametime.
ResearcherDrJenniferYokoyamasaid,“ThebrainregionenhancedbygeneticvariationinKLOTHOisvulnerable(脆弱的)inagingandsomementaldisease.Inthiscase,biggersizemeansbetterfunction.ItwillbeimportanttodeterminewhetherthestructureincreaseassociatedwithcarryingonecopyofKL-VScanoffsetthecognitiveshortagecausedbydisease.”
PeoplewhohaveonecopyofavariantKL-VStendtolivelongerandhavelowerchancesofsufferingastroke(中风),whereaspeoplewhohave
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