郑州大学攻读博士学位研究生入学考试英语模拟题.docx
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郑州大学攻读博士学位研究生入学考试英语模拟题.docx
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郑州大学攻读博士学位研究生入学考试英语模拟题
郑州大学攻读博士学位研究生入学考试英语模拟题
II.Vocabulary(10%)
Directions:
Thereare10sentencesinthispart.Beneatheachsentencethereare4wordsorphrasesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Choosetheonewordorphrasethatcorrectlycompletesthesentence.MarkyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.
31.Theneighborsdonotconsiderhimquite__asmosteveningsheawakens
themwithhisdrunkensinging.
(A)respected(B)respectable(C)respecfive(D)respectful
32.Sinceitislatetochangemymindnow,Iam__tocarryingouttheplan.
(A)committed(B)obliged(C)engaged(D)resolved
33.Theleadersofthetwocountriesfeelitdesirableto__fundsfromarmamentstohealthandeducation.
(A)derive(B)change(C)convert(D)divert
34.TheboardofDirectorsdecidedthatmoreyoungmenwhowerequalifiedwouldbe___importantpositions.
(A)attributedto(B)furnishedwith
(C)installedin(D)insertedinto
35.Theladywhohas__foranightinthedeadofthewinterlaterturnedouttobeadistantrelationofhis.
(A)puthimup(B)puthimout
(C)puthimon(D)puthimin
36.Thegovernment'spoliciesinthepastfiveyearshaveshowna(n)__inemphasizingthenecessityofimprovingthepeasants'livelihood.
(A)exaltation(B)coherence(C)agony(D)behavior
37.Thestudyshowsthatlayingtoomuchemphasisonexamsislikelyto__
students'enthusiasminlearningEnglish.
(A)holdback(B)holdoff(C)holdout(D)holddown
38.Thegapbetweenthoseatthelowestlevelandthoseatthehighestlevelofincomehadincreased,andiscontinuingtoincrease.
(A)successfully(B)succinctly
(C)substantially(D)sufficiently
39.Oneoftheimportantpropertiesofascientifictheoryisitsabilitiestofurtherresearchandfurtherthinkingaboutaparticulartopic.
(A)invent(B)stimulate(C)renovate(D)advocate
40.Itisdoubtfulwhetheranyonecanbeatruly__observerofevents.
(A)inadequate(B)impassive(C)genius(D)impartial
III.ReadingComprehension(30%)
Directions:
Readthefollowingpassagesandanswerthequestionswhichaccompanythembychoosing(A),(B),(C)or(D).MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.
Passage1
Whilemanytechnologicaladvancesoccurinanevolutionarymanner,occasionallyarevolutionarytechnologicalappearsonthehorizonthatcreatesstartlingnewconditionsandprofoundchanges.SuchisthecasewiththeprivatelydevelopedMollerSkycar,whichisnamedafteritsinventor.Theruggedized(加固的)MollerSkycarvariantthemilitaryisevaluatingiscalledthelightaerialmultipurposevehicle,orLAMV.
TheLAMVisaverticaltake-offandlandingaircraftthatcanflyinaquick,quiet,andagilemanner.Itisanewtypeofvehiclethatcombinesthespeedofanairplaneandtheverticaltake-offcapabilityofahelicopterwithsomecharacteristicsofagroundvehicle,butwithoutthelimitationsofanyofthoseexistingmodesof
transportation.TheLAMVisnotoperatedliketraditionalfixed—orrotary-wingaircraft.Ithasonlytwohands,whichtheoperatorusestodirecttheredundantcomputercontrolsystemtocarryoutdesiredflightmaneuvers.Theleft-handcontroltwiststoselectthedesiredoperatingaltitudeandmovesforeandafttoselecttherateofclimb.Theright-handcontroltwiststoselectthevehicle'sdirectionandmovesside-to-sidetoprovidetransverse(横向的)movementduringthehoverandearly-transition-to-flightphasesofoperation;italsomovesforeandafttocontrolspeedandbraking.Simplyput,theLAMVisuserfriendly.
TheLAMVdesignincorporatesanumberofsafetyfeatures.Forstarters,theLAMVhasmultipleengines.Unlikeanylighthelicopterorairplane,theLAMVhasmultipleenginenacelles(机舱),eachwithtwocomputer-controlledRotapowerengines.Theseenginesoperateindependentlyandallowforaverticalcontrolled
landingshouldeitherfail.
TheLAMVisaerodynamicallystable.Intheunlikelyeventthatsufficientpowerisnotavailabletolandvertically,theLAMV'sstabilityandgoodglideslopeallowtheoperatortomaneuvertoasafeareabeforeusingtheair-frameparachutes(降落伞).SincecomputerscontroltheLAMV'sflightduringhoverandtransition,theonlyoperatorinputistocontrolspeedanddirection.Undesirablemovementscausedbywindgustsarepreventedautomatically.
TheLAMV'spotentialmilitaryusesMilbenumerous.Theyincludeaerialmedicalevacuation.,aerialreconnaissance({侦查),commandandcontrol,searchandrescue,insertionofspecialoperationsforces,airassaultoperations,airborneoperations,forcible-entryoperations,militarypolicemobilityandmaneuversupport,communicationsretransmission,battlefielddistributionforunitresupply,transportofindividualandcrewreplacements,weaponsplatform,noncombatantevacuationoperations,battlefieldcontractortransport,andbattledamageassessment.
Ofcourse,theLAMVbringswithitsomeobviouschallenges.Itslimitedpayloadwillbeanegativefactor.ItsusewillcomplicateArmyairspacecommandandcontrol.HowtheLAMVwillbeusedinconjunctionwithforcesunderthejointforceaircomponentcommanderwillhavetobedetermined.LAMVsupportissuesalso
requireresolution.Forexample,operatorselectionandtraining,leadertraining,employmentdoctrine,LAMVbasis-of-issueplans,andLAMVlife-cyclemanagementallrequiretheArmy'sattention.
41.Accordingtothepassage,LAMV__
(A)isdevelopedbyanacademy(B)can'tflyasfastasanairplane
(C)cantakeoffuprightandflyfast(D)isappliedinciviltransportation
42.Lighthelicopterorairplanemay
(A)havetwohandstocontrolitsspeedanddirection
(B)havelessenginenacellesthanLAMVandthereforelesssecurity
(C)havenocomputer-controlledRotapowerenginesinitssystem
(D)lackflexiblecomputercontrolinitstakingoffandlanding
43.WhatshouldtheoperatorofLAMVdowhenpowerforverticallandingisinsufficient?
(A)Heshouldaskthemonitoringcenterforhelpviacomputer.
(B)Hemustleavetheaircraftimmediatelywiththehelpofparachutes.
(C)Hecaneffectivelycontroltheaircraftwithsomesimpleinput.
(D)HejustwaitsLAMVtoregainenoughpowerforlanding.
44.WhichofthefollowingcanbeapossibledisadvantageofLAMV?
(A)FewpeoplewouldsupporttheapplicationofLAMV.
(B)Notallforcesarewillingtobecommandedjointly.
(C)Armyairspacecommandandcontrolwouldbeindisorder.
(D)LAMVcanonlycarryasmallcreworlittlecargo.
Passage2
Theworldmaybebecomingamorefemale-friendlyplacebutcorporateboardroomarenot,withwomenholdingunder3percentoftopmanagementjobsinWesternfn'ms,accordingtoaUnitedNationssurveyissuedrecently.ThereportentitledBreakingThroughtheGlassCeiling.'WomeninManagement,ispublishedby
theInternationalLaborOrganization(ILO).Thereport,subtitledasProgressandobstaclestowomen~equalprofessionalandmanagerialstatus,presentsthemostrecenttrendsonthesituationofwomeninprofessionalandmanagerialjobs.Italsohighlightssomeoftheinstitutionalandattitudinalprejudicesthatcontinuetohamper
(妨碍)women'sprogressintotopjobs,anditdescribesgoodpracticesinsupportofwomenmanagers.Womenmakeupover40percentoftheworld'sworkforce,butevenwhentheymakeitthroughthe"glassceiling"—aninvisiblebarrierofmale-dominatedprejudicesandnetworks—theyearnfarlessthanmen,theILOreportsaid.
"Almostuniversally,womenhavefailedtoreachleadingpositioninmajorcorporationsandprivatesectororganizations,irrespectiveoftheirresponsibilities,"saidauthorLindaWirth."Thehighertheposition,themoreglaringthegendergap."TheILOsaidmentraditionallyrelyon"oldboy"networkstoclimbuptheladder.Womenaremore"invisible"inthe~c0rporateworldbecausetheyarelesskeenoninformalgatherings.Theyarealsofightingalosingbattleagainstsexualharassment.
ABritishstudyfoundthatwomeninonecompanysubjectedtocontinuingsexualharassmentandbullyingfailedtoachievepromotionwhateverstrategytheyused."protestingandcomplainingearnedthemthelabelof'feminist'and'whining(抱怨)',whiletryingtobeoneofthemeninvitedfurtherharassment,"theILOreportsaid.
Asurveyof300companiesinBritainlastyearfoundthatjust3percentofboardmemberswerewomen.IntheFTSEtop10companieslistedinBritain,Womenheldjust4percentofdirectors'posts,whilefemalemanagersearnedjust71percentofthesalaryoftheirmalecounterparts,theILOreportsaid.
Britishfemalemanagersasawholeearned83percentofthesalariesoftheirmalecounterparts--puttingthemaheadoftheircounterpartsinmostothercountries.
ThesituationinGermanywasnobetter.Asurveyof70,000largestcompaniesfoundthatwomenthereheldjust1to3percentofthetopexecutiveandboardroompositions.TheILOalsoreportedthatthecomparativelyhighproportionofwomenexecutivesinlargeFrenchcompanies--13percent--wasnowfallingagainfromthe80slevels.
45.AccordingtotheILOreport,.
(A)womenstillfaceseriousworkproblemsatalllevelsofwesternfirms
(B)womennolongerfaceworkproblemsexceptintopmanagementlevels
(C)thereareseriousproblemsfacingwomen,especiallyintheboardroomsofWesternfirms
(D)womenarehavingabettertimeintheworld,exceptintheboardroomsofwesternfirms
46.Whatdoesthereportmeanbytheterm"glassceiling"?
(A)Alevelbeyondwhichwomencan'treallybepromoted.
(B)Abarrierofprejudicesandnetworksthatexistsinsomecompanies.
(C)Abarrierofprejudicethatmenpretenddoesnotexist.
(D)Alevelthatwomenaretryingtoreachdespitethedifficultiesputinthekway.
47.TheILOrepor
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