大学英语四级真题及答案第一套68453.docx
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大学英语四级真题及答案第一套68453.docx
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大学英语四级真题及答案第一套68453
2021年12月大学英语四级考试真题(第1套)
PartⅠ
Writing
(30minutes)
Directions:
Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessay.Supposeyouhavetwooptionsupongraduation:
oneistofindajobsomewhereandtheothertostartabusinessofyourown.Youaretomakeadecision.Writeanessaytoexplainthereasonsforyourdecision.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.
PartⅢ
ReadingComprehension
(40minutes)
SectionA
Directions:
Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.
Questions26to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Whensomeonecommitsacriminalact,wealwayshopethepunishmentwillmatchtheoffense.Butwhenitcomestooneofthecruelestcrimes--animalfighting--things26workoutthatway.Dog-fightingvictimsare27andkilledforprofitand"sport,"yettheircriminalabusersoftenreceivea28sentenceforcausingalifetimeofpain.Roughlyhalfofallfederally-convictedanimalfightersonlygetprobation(缓刑).
Someprogresshasbeenmadeintheprosecution(起诉)ofanimalfighters.ButfederaljudgesoftenrelyheavilyontheU.S.SentencingGuideLineswhenthey29penalties,andinthecaseofanimalfighting,thoseguidelinesareoutdatedandextremely30
TheU.S.SentencingCommission,which31thesesentencingguidelines,isrevisitingthem,proposingtoraisetheminimumsentencefrom6-12to21-27months.Thisisastepintheright32,butwe'dliketoseetheU.S.SentencingCommissionmakefurtherchangestotheguidelines.
Alongwiththiseffort,we'reworkingwithanimaladvocatesandstateandfederallawmakersto33anti-crueltylawsacrossthecountry,aswellassupportinglawsandpoliciesthatassistoverburdenedanimal34thatcareforanimalfightingvictims.Thishelpis35importantbecausethehighcostofcaringforanimalvictimsisamajorfactorthatpreventspeoplefromgettinginvolvedincrueltycasesinthefirstplace.
A.convenient
B.creates
C.critically
D.determine
E.direction
F.hesitate
G.inadequate
H.inspired
I.method
J.minimal
K.rarely
L.shelters
M.strengthen
N.sufferings
O.tortured
SectionB
Directions:
Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.
WhenWorkBecomesaGame
A)Whatmotivatesemployeestodotheirjobswell?
Competitionwithcoworkers,forsome.Thepromiseofrewards,forothers.Pureenjoymentofproblem-solving,foraluckyfew.
B)Increasingly,companiesaretappingintothesedesiresdirectlythroughwhathascometobeknownas"gamification":
essentially,turningworkintoagame."Gamificationisaboutunderstandingwhatitisthatmakesgamesengagingandwhatgamedesignersdotocreateagreatexperienceingames,andtakingthoselearningsandapplyingthemtoothercontextssuchastheworkplaceandeducation,"explainsKevinWerbach,agamificationexpertwhoteachesattheWhartonSchoolofBusinessattheUniversityofPennsylvaniaintheUnitedStates.
C)Itmightmeanmonitoringemployeeproductivityonadigitalleaderboardandofferingprizestothewinner,orgivingemployeesdigitalbadgesorstarsforcompletingcertainactivities.Itcouldalsomeantrainingemployeeshowtodotheirjobsthroughvideogameplatforms.CompaniesfromGoogletoL'OréaltoIBMtoWellsFargoareknowntousesomedegreeofgamificationintheirworkplaces.Andmoreandmorecompaniesarejoiningthem.Arecentreportsuggeststhattheglobalgamificationmarketwillgrowfrom$1.65billionin2021to$11.1billionby2021.
D)Theconceptofgamificationisnotentirelynew,Werbachsays.Companies,marketersandteachershavelonglookedforfunwaystoengagepeople'sreward-seekingorcompetitivespirits.CrackerJackshasbeen"gamifying"itssnackfoodbyputtingasmallprizeinsideformorethan100years,headds,andtheturn-of-the-centurysteelmagnate(巨头)CharlesSchwabissaidtohaveoftencomeintohisfactoryandwrittenthenumberoftonsofsteelproducedonthepastshiftonthefactoryfloor,thusmotivatingthenextshiftofworkerstobeatthepreviousone.
E)Buttheword"gamification"andthewidespread,consciousapplicationoftheconceptonlybeganinearnestaboutfiveyearsago,Werbachsays.Thanksinparttov
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