高中英语虚拟语气思维导图.docx
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高中英语虚拟语气思维导图.docx
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高中英语虚拟语气思维导图
高中英语虚拟语气思维导图
知识总表
Ⅰ
虚拟情况
If条件句
主句
与现在事实相反
If+主语+V过
主语+(would;could;should;might)+V原
与过去事实相反
If+主语+had+V过分
主语+(would;could;should;might)have+V过
与将来事实可能相反
If+主语+V过
Should+V原
Wereto+V原
主语+(would;could;should;might)+V原
例句:
1、表示与现在事实相反的情况:
1.IfIwereyou,Iwouldtakeanumbrella.
如果我是你,我会带把伞。
(事实:
我不可能是你)
2.IfIknewhistelephonenumber,Iwouldtellyou.
如果我知道他的电话号码,我就会告诉你。
(事实:
不知道)
3.Iftherewerenoairorwater,therewouldbenolivingthingsontheearth.
如果没有水和空气,地球上就不会有生物。
(事实:
地球上既有空气也有水)
4.IfIhadanymoneywithme,Icouldlendyousome.
如果我带钱了,我就会借给你些。
(事实:
没带钱)
2.表示与过去事实相反的情况
1.IfIhadgotthereearlier,Ishould/couldhavemether.
如果我早到那儿,我就会见到她。
(事实:
去晚了)
2.Ifhehadtakenmyadvice,hewouldnothavemadesuchamistake.
如果他听我的劝告的话,就不会犯这样的错误了。
(事实:
没有听我的话)
3、表示对将来情况的主观推测
heshouldcomeheretomorrow,Iwouldtalktohim.
如果他明天来这儿的话,我就跟他谈谈。
(事实:
来的可能性很小)
2.IftherewereaheavysnownextSunday,wewouldnotgoskating.
如果下周日下大雪,我们就不能去滑冰了。
(事实:
不知能否下雪)
3.IfsheweretobeherenextMonday,Iwouldtellheraboutthematter.
如果她下周一来这儿的话,我就会告诉她这件事的始末。
【典型例题】
1)IfIhadseenthemovie,I______________youallaboutitnow.
A.wouldtellB.willtell
C.havetoldD.wouldhavetold
2)Ifhe_______myadvice,hewouldn'thavelosthisjob.(2010年湖南卷)
A.followedB.shouldfollow
C.hadfollowedD.wouldfollow
3)Johnwenttothehospitalalone.Ifhe______meaboutit,Iwouldhavegonewithhim.(2010年天津卷)
A.shouldtellB.tells
C.toldD.hadtold
4)Ifwe_______theotherroad,wemighthavearrivedhereintimeforthemeeting.(2010年陕西卷)
A.takeB.hadtaken
C.tookD.havetaken
5)—Theweatherhasbeenveryhotanddry.
—Yes.Ifithadrainedevenadrop,thingswouldbemuchbetternow!
Andmyvegetables______.(2010年北京卷)
A.wouldn'tdieB.didn'tdie
C.hadn'tdiedD.wouldn'thavedied
Ⅱ
例句:
1.WereITom,Iwouldrefuse.
如果我是汤姆,我会拒绝。
2.Shoulditbenecessary,Iwouldgo.
假若有必要,我会去的。
3.Haditnotbeenforthebadweatherwewouldhavearrivedontime.若不是天气坏,我们就准时到达了。
4.Wedidn’tknowhistelephonenumber;otherwisewewouldhavetelephonedhim.
我们不知道他的电话号码,否则我们就会给他打电话。
5.Iwasbusythatday.OtherwiseIwouldhavecometohelpyou.
我那天很忙。
否则我会来帮你的。
6.Withoutyourhelp,wewouldn’thaveachievedsomuch.
没有你的帮助,我们不可能取得这么大的成绩。
7.Butforyourhelp,Iwouldnothavesucceededintheexperiment.
如果没有你的帮助,我的实验就不会成功。
【典型例题】
1)Hehesitatedforamomentbeforekickingtheball,otherwisehe______agoal.(2001年上海春季卷)
A.hadscoredB.scored
C.wouldscoreD.wouldhavescored
2)Butfortheirhelp,we_______theprogramintime.(2009年安徽卷)
A.cannotfinishB.willnotfinish
C.hadnotfinishedD.couldnothavefinished
3)ButforthehelpofmyEnglishteacher,I______thefirstprizeintheEnglishWritingCompetition.(2009年福建卷)
A.wouldnotwinB.wouldnothavewon
C.wouldwinD.wouldhavewon
4)_____itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheYangpuBridge
A.WereB.ShouldC.WouldD.Will
5)___theclouds,youwouldfindtheairplaneintheskyeasily
A.HaditnotbeenforB.IfitwerenotC.IfithadnotbeenforD.Wereitnotfor
6)____hard,hewouldhavepassedtheexam
A.IfheweretoworkB.HadheworkedC.ShouldheworkD.Werehetowork
7)____today,hewouldgettherebyFriday
A.WerehetoleaveB.IfhehadleftC.DidhetoleaveD.Hadheleft
8)Hadyoulistenedtothedoctor,you____allrightnow
A.areB.wereC.wouldbeD.wouldhavebeen
9)Withoutelectricity,humanlife____quitedifficulttoday
A.isB.willbeC.wouldhavebeenD.wouldbe
10)Butforwater,it____impossibletoliveintheearth
A.isB.wouldC.wereD.wouldn’tbe
Ⅲ
1:
necessary;strange;important;insist;suggest;order;natural
2:
一条建议:
insist
两道命令:
ordercommand
三条建议:
suggestadvisepropose
四点要求:
demandrequiredesireask.
suggestionorderproposaldemand
例句:
1.Heinsistsheisastudent.
他坚持说他是个学生
2.Hisfacesuggeststhathelooksworried.
他的表情暗含着他很担心。
3.Itisstrangethatsuchapersonshouldbeourfriend.
奇怪的是这样一个人会成为我们的朋友。
4.Weallagreedtohissuggestionthatwe(should)gotoBeijingforsightseeing.
他建议我们到北京旅游观光,我们都同意了。
5.Myadviceisthathe(should)exercisefirst.
我的建议是他应该先做练习。
6.Itissuggestedthatyou(should)spendmoretimeinEnglish.
你应该花更多的时间学习英语。
7.Sheexaminedthedooragainforfearthatathief(should)comein.
她又把门检查了一遍,以防盗贼的进入。
8.Hestartedoutearlierlesthe(should)belate.
他早早的就出发了以防迟到
【典型例题】
1)Jane'spalefacesuggestedthatshe______ill,andherparentssuggestedthatshe______amedicalexamination.(1994年上海卷)
A.be;shouldhaveB.was;have
C.shouldbe;hadD.was;has
2)Mr.Johnsoninsistedthattheproblemworthyofattention______(讨论)atthemeeting.(discuss)(2010年湖北卷)
【解析】动词insist引导的宾语从句要用虚拟语气,从句结构是(should)+动词原形,主语problem是“被讨论”,故使用被动形式,故答案为(should)bediscussed。
3)Iinsisted_____toseeadoctor,butheinsistednothing___wrongwithhim
A.onhimtogo;shouldbeB.hewent;beC.hego;wasD.heshouldto;is
4)Isuggestedtheperson_____tobeputintoprison
A.refersB.referringC.referredD.refer
5)Mike’sfather,aswellashismother,insistedhe____home
A.stayedB.couldstayC.hasstayedD.stay
6)Sheinsistedthatadoctor_____immediately
A.hadsentforB.sendC.besentforD.wassent
7)Thechairmaninsistedthatwe____thequestionagain
A.willdiscussB.todiscussC.shoulddiscussD.willbediscussed
8)Herequestedthatthestudents____themgetincrops
A.helpB.tohelpC.helpedD.helping
9)Theguardatthegateinsistedthateverybody_____therules
A.obeysB.ObeyC.willobeyD.wouldobey
10)Itisstrangethathe____backsoearly
A.cameB.willcomeC.hadcomeD.shouldhavecome
11)MothersuggestedthatI___myhomeworkfirstbeforewatchingTV
A.didB.doC.shalldoD.havedone
12)Mysuggestionisthatthemeeting____offtillnestSunday
A.beputB.putC.shouldputD.hadbeenput
13)Theteacherdemandedthattheexam_____beforeeleven
A.mustfinishB.wouldbefinishedC.befinishedD.mustbefinished
Ⅳ
例句:
1.IwishIhadyourbrains.
我希望我有你那样的头脑。
(事实:
我根本比不上你)
2.IwishIhadknownthetruthofthematter.
我希望我那时就知道这件事情的真相。
(事实:
那时还不知道)
3.IwishIshouldhaveachanceagain.
我希望我还能有一次这样的机会。
(事实:
很难再有这样的机会了)
【典型例题】
1) HowIwisheveryfamily__b____alargehousewithabeautifulgarden!
(2002年上海春季卷)
A.hasB.had
C.willhaveD.hadhad
2)Elizarememberseverythingexactlyasifit__d____yesterday.(2006年全国卷I)
A.washappeningB.happens
C.hashappenedD.happened
3)LookatthetroubleIamin!
IfonlyIc______youradvice.(2003年上海春季卷)
A.followedB.wouldfollow
C.hadfollowedD.shouldfollow
4)Ifonlyhe____quietlyasthedoctorinstructed,hewouldnotsuffersomuchnow.
A.liesB.layC.hadlainD.shouldlie
5)HowIwisheveryfamily____alargehousewithabeautifulgarden.
A.hasB.hadC.willhaveD.hadhad
6)IfonlyI___mycar
A.hadn’tlostB.wouldn’tloseC.didn’tloseD.haven’tlost
7)IwishI____herethen
A.wasB.hadbeenC.wereD.wouldbe
8)HowIwishI____torepairthewatch!
Ionlymadeitworse
A.hadtriedB.hadn’ttriedC.havetriedD.didn’ttry
Ⅴ
例句:
1)I'dratheryouhadseenthefilmyesterday.
我倒想你昨天看过了这场电影。
2)I'dratheryouwereherenow.
我倒想你现在在这儿。
3)We'dratheryouwentheretomorrow.
我们倒想你明天去那儿
4)IwouldratheryouwentnextSunday.
我情愿你下周日走。
5)Iwouldratheryouhadn'tdonethat.
我真希望你没做那件事。
【典型例题】
1)Georgeisgoingtotalkaboutthegeographyofhiscountry,butI'dratherhe______moreonitsculture.(2010年江苏卷)
A.focusB.focused
C.wouldfocusD.hadfocused
2)---Yourauntinvitesyoutothemoviestoday
---Ihadrathershe____metomorrowthantoday
A.tellsB.toldC.wouldtellD.hadtold
3)---Didyouscoldhimforhiscarelessness
----Yes,but____it
A.I’drathernotdoB.I’drathernothavedoneC.Ishould’tdoD.I’dbetternotdo
4)Iwouldratheryou____anythingaboutitforthetimebeing
A.doB.didn’tdoC.don’tD.didn’t
5)Iwouldratheryou____atonce
A.leaveB.willleaveC.leftD.shouldleave
Ⅵ
It'shightimethathewent/shouldgotobed.到了他该上床睡觉的时候了。
【典型例题】
1)Itishightimethatwe____ameetingtodiscussthisproblem
A.holdB.heldC.haveheldD.hadheld
2)Itishightimeyou____toschool
A.willgoB.wouldgoC.wentD.hadgone
练习题
1.Ifonlyhe____quietlyasthedoctorinstructed,hewouldnotsuffersomuchnow.
A.liesB.layC.hadlainD.shouldlie
2.HowIwisheveryfamily____alargehousewithabeautifulgarden.
A.hasB.hadC.willhaveD.hadhad
3.Youdidnotletmedrive.Ifwe____inturn,you____sotired
A.drove;didn’tgetB.drove;wouldn’tget
C.weredriving;wouldn’tgetD.haddriven;wouldn’thavegot
4._____itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheYangpuBridge
A.WereB.ShouldC.WouldD.Will
5.Isuggestedtheperson_____tobeputintoprison
A.refersB.referringC.referredD.refer
6.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit____
A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken
7.Iinsisted_____toseeadoctor,butheinsistednothing___wrongwithhim
A.onhimtogo;shouldbeB.hewent;be
C.hego;wasD.heshouldto;is
8.---Yourauntinvitesyoutothemoviestoday
---Ihadrathershe____metomorrowthantoday
A.tellsB.toldC.wouldtellD.hadtold
名题精练
9.---Wouldyouhavecalledheruphaditbeenpossible
---Yes,butI____busydoingmyhomework
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