比尔盖茨演讲.docx

比尔盖茨演讲.docx

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比尔盖茨演讲

比尔•盖茨夫妇2014斯坦福大学毕业演讲

2014-06-2515:

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比尔·盖茨夫妇日前出席斯坦福大学第123届毕业典礼并致辞，他们在致辞中鼓励毕业生，不管是在逆境还是在顺境，都要保持乐观的心大胆往前走，和创造自己的人生。

StanfordUniversity.

BILLGATES:

Congratulations,classof2014!

（Cheers）.

MelindaandIareexcitedtobehere.

ItwouldbeathrillforanyonetobeinvitedtospeakataStanfordcommencement,butit'sespeciallygratifyingforus.

Stanfordisrapidlybecomingthefavoriteuniversityformembersofourfamily,andit'slongbeenafavoriteuniversityforMicrosoftandourfoundation.

Ourformulahasbeentogetthesmartest,mostcreativepeopleworkingonthemostimportantproblems.

ItturnsoutthatadisproportionatenumberofthosepeopleareatStanford.

（Cheers）.

Rightnow,wehavemorethan30foundationresearchprojectsunderwayhere.

Whenwewanttolearnmoreabouttheimmunesystemtohelpcuretheworstdiseases,weworkwithStanford.

WhenwewanttounderstandthechanginglandscapeofhighereducationintheUnitedStates,sothatmorelow-incomestudentsgetcollegedegrees,weworkwithStanford.

Thisiswheregeniuslives.

There'saflexibilityofmindhere,anopennesstochange,aneagernessforwhat'snew.

Thisiswherepeoplecometodiscoverthefuture,andhavefundoingit.

MELINDAGATES:

Now,somepeoplecallyouallnerdsandwehearthatyouclaimthatlabelwithpride.

（CheersandApplause）.

BILLGATES:

Well,sodowe.

（CheersandApplause）.

BILLGATES:

Mynormalglassesreallyaren'tallthatdifferent.

（Laughter）.

Therearesomanyremarkablethingsgoingonhereatthiscampus,butifMelindaandIhadtoputintoonewordwhatwelovemostaboutStanford,it'stheoptimism.

There'saninfectiousfeelingherethatinnovationcansolvealmosteveryproblem.

That'sthebeliefthatdrovemein1975toleaveacollegeinthesuburbsofBostonandgoonanendlessleaveofabsence.

（Laughter）.

Ibelievedthatthemagicofcomputersandsoftwarewouldempowerpeopleeverywhereandmaketheworldmuch,muchbetter.

It'sbeen40yearssincethen,and20yearssinceMelindaandIweremarried.

Wearebothmoreoptimisticnowthanever.Butonourjourney,ouroptimismevolved.

Wewouldliketotellyouwhatwelearnedandtalktoyoutodayabouthowyouroptimismandourscandomoreformorepeople.

WhenPaulAllenandIstartedMicrosoft,wewantedtobringthepowerofcomputersandsoftwaretothepeople,andthatwasthekindofrhetoricweused.

Oneofthepioneeringbooksinthefieldhadaraisedfistonthecover,anditwascalled"ComputerLib."

Atthattime,onlybigbusinessescouldbuycomputers.

Wewantedtoofferthesamepowertoregularpeopleanddemocratizecomputing.

Bythe1990s,wesawhowprofoundlypersonalcomputerscouldempowerpeople,butthatsuccesscreatedanewdilemma.

Ifrichkidsgotcomputersandpoorkidsdidn't,thentechnologywouldmakeinequalityworse.

Thatrancountertoourcorebelief.

Technologyshouldbenefiteveryone.

Soweworkedtoclosethedigitaldivide.

ImadeitapriorityatMicrosoft,andMelindaandImadeitanearlypriorityatourFoundation.

Donatingpersonalcomputerstopubliclibrariestomakesurethateveryonehadaccess.

Thedigitaldividewasafocusofminein1997,whenItookmyfirsttriptoSouthAfrica.

IwentthereonbusinesssoIspentmostofmytimeinmeetingsindowntownJohannesburg.

IstayedinthehomeofoneoftherichestfamiliesinSouthAfrica.

IthadonlybeenthreeyearssincetheelectionofNelsonMandelamarkedtheendofapartheid.

WhenIsatdownfordinnerwithmyhosts,theyusedabelltocallthebutler.

Afterdinner,thewomenandmenseparatedandthemensmokedcigars.

Ithought,goodthingIreadJaneAusten,orIwouldn'thaveknownwhatwasgoingon.

（Laughter）.

ButthenextdayIwenttoSoweto,thepoortownshipsouthwestofJohannesburg,thathadbeenthecenteroftheanti-apartheidmovement.

Itwasashortdistancefromthecityintothetownship,buttheentrywassudden,jarringandharsh.

IpassedintoaworldcompletelyunliketheoneIcamefrom.

MyvisittoSowetobecameanearlylessoninhownaiveIwas.

Microsoftwasdonatingcomputersandsoftwaretoacommunitycenterthere.

ThekindofthingwedidintheUnitedStates.

Butitbecamecleartome,veryquickly,thatthiswasnottheUnitedStates.

Ihadseenstatisticsonpoverty,butIhadneverreallyseenpoverty.

Thepeopletherelivedincorrugatedtinshackswithnoelectricity,nowater,notoilets.

Mostpeopledidn'twearshoes.

Theywalkedbarefootalongthestreets,excepttherewerenostreets,justrutsinthemud.

Thecommunitycenterhadnoconsistentsourceofpower.

Sotheyriggedupanextensioncordthatran200feetfromthecentertothedieselgeneratoroutside.

Lookingatthissetup,Iknewtheminutethereportersleft,thegeneratorwouldgetmovedtoamoreurgenttask.

Andthepeoplewhousedthecommunitycenterwouldgobacktoworryingaboutchallengesthatcouldn'tbesolvedbyapersonalcomputer.

WhenIgavemypreparedremarkstothepress,IsaidSowetoisamilestone.

Therearemajordecisionsaheadaboutwhethertechnologywillleavethedevelopingworldbehind.

Thisistoclosethegap.

ButasIreadthosewords,Iknewtheyweren'tsuperrelevant.

WhatIdidn'tsaywas,bytheway,we'renotfocusedonthefactthathalfamillionpeopleonthiscontinentaredyingeveryyearfrommalaria.

Butwearesureashellgoingtobringyoucomputers.

BeforeIwenttoSoweto,IthoughtIunderstoodtheworld'sproblemsbutIwasblindtomanyofthemostimportantones.

IwassotakenabackbywhatIsawthatIhadtoaskmyself,didIstillbelievethatinnovationcouldsolvetheworld'stoughestproblems?

IpromisedmyselfthatbeforeIcamebacktoAfrica,Iwouldfindoutmoreaboutwhatkeepspeoplepoor.

Overtheyears,MelindaandIdidlearnmoreaboutthepressingneedsofthepoor.

OnalatertriptoSouthAfrica,IpaidavisittoahospitalforpatientswithMDR-TB,multi-drugresistanttuberculosis,adiseasewithacurerateofunder50%.

Irememberthathospitalasaplaceofdespair.

Itwasagiantopenward,withaseaofpatientsshufflingaroundinpajamas,wearingmasks.

Therewasonefloorjustforchildren,includingsomebabieslyinginbed.

Theyhadalittleschoolforkidswhowerewellenoughtolearn,butmanyofthechildrencouldn'tmakeit,andthehospitaldidn'tseemtoknowwhetheritwasworthittokeeptheschoolopen.

Italkedtoapatientthereinherearly30s.

ShehadbeenaworkerataTBhospitalwhenshecamedownwithacough.

Shewenttoadoctorandhetoldhersaidshehaddrug-resistantTB.

ShewaslaterdiagnosedwithAIDS.

Shewasn'tgoingtolivemuchlonger,buttherewereplentyofMDRpatientswaitingtotakeherbedwhenshevacatedit.

Thiswashellwithawaitinglist.

Butseeingthishelldidn'treducemyoptimism.

Itchanneledit.

IgotintothecarasIleftandItoldthedoctorwewereworkingwithIknowMDR-TBishardtocure,butwemustdosomethingforthesepeople.

And,infact,thisyear,weareenteringphasethreewiththenewTBdrugregimeforpatientswhorespond,insteadofa50%curerateafter18monthsfor$2,000,wegetan80%curerateaftersixmonthsforunder$100.

（Applause）.

Optimismisoftendismissedasfalsehope.

Butthereisalsofalsehopelessness.

That'stheattitudethatsayswecan'tdefeatpovertyanddisease.

Weabsolutelycan.

MELINDAGATES:

BillcalledmethatdayafterhevisitedtheTBhospitalandnormallyifoneofusisonaninternationaltrip,wewillgothroughouragendaforthedayandwhowemetandwherewehavebeen.

Butthiscallwasdifferent.

Billsaidtome,Melinda,IhavebeensomewherethatIhaveneverbeenbefore.

Andthenhechokedupandhecouldn'tgoon.

Andhefinallyjustsaid,IwilltellyoumorewhenIgethome.

AndIknewwhathewasgoingthroughbecausewhenyouseepeoplewithsolittlehope,itbreaksyourheart.

Butifyouwanttodothemost,youhavetogoseetheworst,andI'vehaddayslikethattoo.

Abouttenyearsago,ItraveledwithagroupoffriendstoIndia.

AndonlastdayIwasthere,IhadameetingwithagroupofprostitutesandIexpectedtotalktothemabouttheriskofAIDSthattheywerefacing,butwhattheywantedtotalktomeaboutwasstigma.

Manyofthesewomenhadbeenabandonedbytheirhusbands.

That'swhytheyevenwentintoprostitution.

Theywantedtobeabletofeedtheirchildren.

Theyweresolowintheeyesofsocietythattheycouldberapedandrobbedandbeatenbyanyone,eventhepolice,andnobodycared.

Talkingtothemabouttheirliveswassomovingtome,butwhatIremembermostwashowmuchtheywantedtobetouched.

Theywantedtotouchmeandtobetouchedbythem.

Itwasifphysicalcontactsomehowprovedtheirworth.

AndsobeforeIleft,welinkedarmshandinhandanddidaphototogether.

Laterthatsameday,IspentsometimeinIndiainahomeforthedying.

IwalkedintoalargehallandIsawrowsandrowsofcotandeverycotwasattendedtoexceptforone,thatwasfaroffinthecorner.

AndsoIdecidedtogooverthere.

Thepatientwhowasinthisroomwasawomaninher30s.

AndIrememberhereyes.

Shehadthesehuge,brown,sorrowfuleyes.

Shewasemaciatedandonthevergeofdeath.

Herintestineswerenotholdinganythingandsotheworkershadtheyputapanunderherbed,andcutaholeinthebottomofthebedandeverythinginherwasjustpouringoutintothatpan.

AndIcouldtellthatshehadAIDS.

Bothinthewayshelookedandthefactthatshewasoffinthiscorneralone.

ThestigmaofAIDSisvicious,especiallyforwomen.

Andthepunishmentisabandonment.

WhenIarrivedathercot,