直接引语变间接引语.docx
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直接引语变间接引语.docx
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直接引语变间接引语
第一部分学生版
一、基本概念理解
1.直接引语:
直接引述别人的原话,并把它放在引号内,即为直接引语(Directspeech),如:
Shesaid,“Iamveryhappytohelpyou.”
2.间接引语:
用自己的话转述别人的话,即为间接引语(相当于一个宾语从句),如:
Shetoldme(that)shewouldtelephonehimthatevening.
二、直接引语变间接引语三大变
1.人称变化:
根据转述人的立场作相应变化,具体变化规则:
(1)“一随主”:
若直接引语中有第一人陈,变间接引语时应与主句中主语的人称保持一致;
◆直接引语中的代词为第一人称时,在间接引语中必须与主句主语保持一致,如:
Tomsays,“I’mfromAmerica.”→
(2)“二随宾”:
若直接引语中有第二人称,变间接引语时应与主句中宾语的人称保持一致;
◆直接引语中的代词为第二人称时,在间接引语中和主句的宾语保持一致,如:
Sheaskedme,“Wheredoyoulive?
”→
(3)“第三人称不更新”:
直接引语中的第三人称变间接引语时不需要变化。
◆直接引语中的代词为第三人称时,在间接引语中保持不变,如:
Katesaid,“Theylikereading.”→
【特别点拨】
人称的变化包括:
人称代词、物主代词和反身代词的变化。
2.时态变化
时态变化
例句
直接引语
间接引语
一般现在时→一般过去时
Hesaid,“Iwalktoschool.”
Hesaidthat
现在进行时→过去进行时
Hesaid,“I’mwalkingtoschool.”
Hesaidthat
现在完成时→过去完成时
Hesaid,“Ihavewalkedtoschool.”
Hesaidthat
一般过去时→过去完成时
Hesaid,“Iwalkedtoschool.”
Hesaidthat
过去完成时→保持不变
He,said,“Ihadwalkedtoschool.”
Hesaidthat
一般将来时→过去将来时
Hesaid,“Iwillwalktoschool.”
Hesaidthat
3.指示代词、地点及时间状语的变动
this→that
yesterday→thedaybefore
thepreviousday
thedayaftertomorrow→intwodays’time/twodayslater
these→those
tomorrow→thenext/followingday
nextweek/month→thenext/followingweek/month
today→thatday
now→then;here→there
lastweek/month/year→theweek/month/yearbefore
thepreviousweek/month/year
三、直接引语变间接引语的句式变化
1.直接引语为陈述句时:
用连接词that引导,人称、时态、状语作相应变化。
如:
Mr.Bladesaid,“Imadetheplanyesterdayafternoon.”
→Mr.Bladesaidthat
“Iamlivingherenow,”shesaid.
→Shesaidthat
●学法点拨:
当直接引语为陈述句时,变间接引语的口诀是:
去掉引号加that,人称变化要灵活。
时态向后退一步,
状语变化按规则。
客观规律永不变,动词变化有一个。
2.直接引语为一般疑问句时:
用whether或if引导,疑问语序变陈述语序。
人称、时态、状语作相应变化。
如:
SheaskedTom,“AreyougoingtoBeijingnextweek?
”
→SheaskedTom
Heaskedus,“CanIstayhereforanothertwodays?
”
→Heaskedus
●学法点拨:
当直接引语为一般疑问句时,变间接引语的口诀:
去掉引号加whether或if,陈述语序要牢记。
时态人称和状语,小心变化别马虎。
3.直接引语为特殊疑问句时:
用原来的特殊疑问词引导,疑问语序变为陈述语序。
人称、时态、状语作相应变化。
Thegirlasked,“Whomovedmydress?
”
→Thegirlasked
Mymotheraskedme,“Howlonghaveyoubeenhere?
”
→Mymotheraskedme
4.祈使句变间接引语:
变为ask/tell/ordersb.(not)todosth.的句式。
人称、状语作相应变化。
如:
“Pleasedon’tdisturbme,”hesaidtotheboy.
→
“Stayhereuntiltomorrow,”saidmygrandma.
→
●学法点拨:
祈使句变间接引语时,去掉引号要加to;ask,order,tell须牢记;直引若是否定式,not要在to前面
四、直接引语变间接引语注意事项面面观
1.基本句式结构
2.宾语从句的语序
直接引语变为间接引语(宾语从句)一律使用____________语序。
3.宾语从句的事态
(1)主句为一般现在时,从句使用:
(2)主句为一般过去时,从句使用:
(3)从句表示“客观规律或真理”,从句使用:
如:
<1>Theassistanttellsmethatshe_______therequestinsteadofmewhileIwasaway.
A.repliedtoB.hasrepliedtoC.repliedD.hadreplied
<2>TheteachertoldusthattheSecondWorldWar____________in1939.
A.hadbrokenoutB.brokeoutC.wasbrokenoutD.hasbrokenout
<3>Thatscientistsaidtothoselittlechildrenthattheearth__________aroundthesun.
A.travelsB.traveledC.hastraveledD.hadtraveled
4.连接词that不可省,如:
Themancheckedallthelightshadbeenturnedoffandthatallthewindowshadbeenshutand,thenhelefttheroom.
5.只用whether,而不用if的场合,如:
Idon’tknowwhethertostayorleave.
五、直接引语变间接引语解题方法点拨
Ⅰ.将下列直接引语变为间接引语
1.Hesaidtome,“I’veleftmybookinyourroom.”
→Hetoldmethathehadlefthisbookinhisroom.
2.“Doyouthinkadiarycanbecomeyourfriend?
”thewritersaid.
→Thewriteraskedusif/whetherwethoughtadictionarycouldbecomeourfriend.
3.“Whendidyougotobedlastnight?
”fathersaidtoPeter.
→FatheraskedPeterwhenhewenttobedthenightbefore.
4.“Pleasedon’tsmokeatthefoodcounter,”thewaitresssaidtoBill.
→Thewaitressasked/toldBillnottosmokeatthefoodcounter.
5.Shesaid,“Mybrotherlefthomethreeyearsago.”
→Shesaidherbrotherlefthomethreeyearsago.
Ⅱ.单项填空
1.Didyouaskwhosecomputer____A____?
A.thisblueonewasB.isthisblueoneC.itwasthisblueoneD.thisblueoneis
2.Thenursetoldthechildrenthatthesun____C_____intheeast.
A.wasrisingB.roseC.risesD.hadrisen
3.Thebossorderedthework____C____inthreedays.
A.finishB.tofinishC.tobefinishedD.finished
4.Couldyoutellus____B____Bird’sNestandWaterCube?
A.howcanwegettoB.howwecangettoC.wherecanwegettoD.wherewecangetto
5.JohntoldhisEnglishteacherthathe____A_____bornin1996.
A.wasB.hadbeenC.isD.hasbeen
6.Hesaidthathehadvisitedthepark_____C_____.
A.lastweekB.aweekagoC.twoweeksbeforeD.beforetwoweeks
7.Theteacheraskedtheboy_____B_____.
A.whatthematterwasB.whatwasthematterC.whatthematterisD.whatisthematter
8.Youcanneverknow____B_____whenshereceivedourpresents.
A.howshewasexcitedB.howexcitedshewasC.howwassheexcitedD.howexcitedwasshe
9.Hesaidthathiscar_________stolenandhe_____C_____havetotelephonethepolice.
A.was;wouldB.hasbeen;willC.hadbeen;wouldD.hadbeen;will
10.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim____A____.
A.nottoB.nottodoC.notdoitD.donotto
11.MyEnglishteacheradvisedI_____C____keepmymouthshuttoimprovemyspokenEnglish.
A.toB.nottoC.notD.mustn’t
12.Sheadvisedme____C_____.
A.nottellthenewstohimB.tonottellthenewstohim
C.nottotellthenewstohimD.nottellingthenewstohim
13.Hesaidtousthathe____A___theteacher’sinstructions.
A.mustfollowB.followedC.followD.musthavefollowed
14.Thearmyofficer____B____hismentofireassoonastheenemiescameup.
A.requestedB.commandedC.beggedD.suggested
15.He____B____metobecarefulwiththedog.
A.saidB.warnedC.beggedD.hoped
Part1完形填空
Iwastiredandhungryafteralongdayofwork.WhenIwalkedintotheliving-room,my12-year-oldsonlookedupatmeandsaid,“I1Byou.”Ididnot2Cwhattosay,andIjuststoodthere,looking3Cathim.Myfirst4Awasthathe5Aneedhelpwithhishomework.ThenIasked,“Whatwasthatall6D?
”
“Nothing,”hesaid,“Myteachersaidweshouldtellourparentswelovethemand7Dwhattheysay.”
ThenextdayIcalledhisteacherto8Cmoreaboutwhatmysonsaidandhowtheotherparentshadreacted(反应).“Mostofthefathershadthe9Aresponseasyoudid,”theteachersaid,“WhenIfirst10Dthatwetrythis,Iaskedthechildren11Dtheythoughttheirparents12Asay.Someofthemthoughttheirparentswouldhavehearttrouble.”
Thentheteacher13A,“Iwantmystudentstoknowthatfeelingloveisanimportantpartof14C.I’mtryingtotellthemit’stoobadthatwedon’texpressourfeelings.Aboy15Ctellhisfatherormotherheloveshim.”Theteacherunderstandsthatsometimesitis16Bforsomeofustosaysomethingthatisgoodforustosay.
Thateveningwhenmyson17Dtome,Itookhiminmyarmsandheldonforan18Amoment,saying,“Hey,Iloveyou,19B.”Idon’tknowifsayingthatmade20Bofushealthier,butitdidfeelprettygood.
1.A.hateB.loveC.likeD.enjoy
2.A.realizeB.recognizeC.knowD.find
3.A.awayB.forC.downD.on
4.A.thoughtB.meaningC.newsD.reason
5.A.mustB.shouldC.couldD.would
6.A.forB.withC.aroundD.about
7.A.testB.knowC.understandD.see
8.A.talktoB.chatwithC.findoutD.dowith
9.A.sameB.differentC.usualD.unusual
10.A.allowedB.agreedC.plannedD.suggested
11.A.howB.whetherC.whenD.what
12.A.wouldB.willC.couldD.can
13.A.explainedB.preparedC.informedD.developed
14.A.studyB.workC.healthD.body
15.A.mightB.canC.shouldD.need
16.A.easyB.difficultC.crazyD.silly
17.A.turnedB.shoutedC.wentD.came
18.A.extraB.ordinaryC.interestingD.important
19.A.eitherB.tooC.alsoD.again
20.A.allB.eitherC.noneD.neither
Part2单项选择
1.Ifcitynoise___A___fromincreasing,people______shouttobeheardevenatthedinnertable20yearsfromnowon.
A.arenotkept;willhavetoB.arenotkept;havetoC.donotkept;willhavetoD.donotkeep;haveto
2.Ourteacheraskedus_____D____ourdictionariestoschool.
A.bringB.broughtC.bringD.tobring
3._____D_____Tomdidn’tgotoschool?
A.DoyouknowhowB.WhydoyouknowC.HowdoyouknowwhyD.Doyouknowwhy
4.Youcan’timagine____A_____whentheyreceivedtheseniceSpringFestivalpresents.
A.howexcitedtheywereB.howexcitedweretheyC.howtheywereexcitedD.theywerehowexcited
5.—I’llcallforyouathalfpastseventomorrow?
—No,pleasedon’t;I___B___breakfast.
A.amgoinginB.willbehavingC.amtohaveD.willhave
6.Shetoldmethatshe_____A_____byherrelativesatthebusstop.
A.hadbeenseenoffB.haveseenoffC.havebeenseenoffD.hadseenoff
7.Doyourememberhowmanytimes____D____toAustralia?
A.hadyoubeenB.didyougoC.haveyoubeenD.youhavebeen
8.Thebossaskedhissecretary______C____hehadfinishedtypingthereport__________.
A.if;ornotB.if;notC.whether;ornotD.whether;not
9.Hurryup.Thebus___C___.
A.startsB.hasstartedC.isstartingD.isgoingtostart
10.Iwonderhowmuch______C_____.
A.doeshespendonhiscarB.didhespendonhiscarC.hespentonhiscarD.hespentinhiscar
第二部分教师版
一、基本概念理解
1.直接引语:
直接引述别人的原话,并把它放在引号内,即为直接引语(Directspeech),如:
Shesaid,“Iamveryhappytohelpyou.”
2.间接引语:
用自己的话转述别人的话,即为间接引语(相当于一个宾语从句),如:
Shetoldme(that)shewouldtelephonehimthatevening.
二、直接引语变间接引语三大变
1.人称变化:
根据转述人的立场作相应变化,具体变化规则:
(1)“一随主”:
若直接引语中有第一人陈,变间接引语时应与主句中主语的人称保持一致;
◆直接引语中的代词为第一人称时,在间
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