语言学选择题练习.docx
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语言学选择题练习.docx
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语言学选择题练习
语言学选择题练习
Ⅲ.Therearefourchoicesfollowingeachstatement.Markthechoicethatcanbestcompletethestatement:
1.Themorpheme“vision”inthecommonword“television”isa(n)___D___.
A.boundmorpheme
B.boundform
C.inflectionalmorpheme
D.freemorpheme
2.Thecompoundword“bookstore”istheplacewherebooksaresold.Thisindicatesthatthemeaningofacompound____D______.
A.isthesumtotalofthemeaningofitscomponents
B.canalwaysbeworkedoutbylookingatthemeaningsofmorphemes
C.isthesameasthemeaningofafreephrase.
D.Noneoftheabove.
3.Thepartofspeechofthecompoundsisgenerallydeterminedbythepartofspeechof____B___.
A.thefirstelement
B.thesecondelement
C.eitherthefirstorthesecondelement
D.boththefirstandthesecondelements
4.___B____arethosethatcannotbeusedindependentlybuthavetobecombinedwithothermorphemes,eitherfreeorbound,toformaword.
A.Freemorphemes
B.Boundmorphemes
C.Boundwords
D.Words
5.___C______isabranchofgrammarwhichstudiestheinternalstructureofwordsandtherulesbywhichwordsareformed.
A.Syntax
B.Grammar
C.Morphology
D.Morpheme
6.Themeaningcarriedbytheinflectionalmorphemeis___C____.
A.lexical
B.morphemic
C.grammatical
D.semantic
7.Boundmorphemesarethosethat___D________.
A.havetobeusedindependently
B.cannotbecombinedwithothermorphemes
C.caneitherbefreeorbound
D.havetobecombinedwithothermorphemes
8.___
A____modifythemeaningofthestem,butusuallydonotchangethepartofspeechoftheoriginalword.
A.Prefixes
B.Suffixes
C.Roots
D.Affixes
9.____B_____areoftenthoughttobethesmallestmeaningfulunitsoflanguagebythelinguists.
A.Words
B.Morphemes
C.Phonemes
D.Sentences
10.“-s”intheword“books”is__C_____.
A.aderivativeaffix
B.astem
C.aninflectionalaffix
D.aroot
11Ofallthespeechorgans,the___C____is/arethemostflexible.
A.mouth
B.lips
C.tongue
D.vocalcords
12.Thesoundsproducedwithoutthevocalcordsvibratingare__A_sounds.
A.voiceless
B.voiced
C.vowel
D.consonantal
13.____B______isavoicedalveolarstop.
A./z/
B./d/
C./k/
D./b/
14.Theassimilationruleassimilatesonesoundtoanotherby“copying”afeatureofasequentialphoneme,thusmakingthetwophones_____
D_______.
A.identical
B.same
C.exactlyalike
D.similar
15.Since/p/and/b/arephoneticallysimilar,occurinthesameenvironmentsandtheycandistinguishmeaning,theyaresaidtobe____A_______.
A.inphonemiccontrast
B.incomplementarydistribution
C.theallophones
D.minimalpair
16.Thesound/f/is____D_____________.
A.voicedpalatalaffricate
B.voicedalveolarstop
C.voicelessvelarfricative
D.voicelesslabiodentalfricative
17.A__C__vowelisonethatisproducedwiththefrontpartofthetonguemaintainingthehighestposition.
A.back
B.central
C.front
D.middle
18.Distinctivefeaturescanbefoundrunningoverasequenceoftwoormorephonemicsegments.Thephonemicfeaturesthatoccurabovethelevelofthesegmentsarecalled____C___.
A.phoneticcomponents
B.immediateconstituents
C.suprasegmentalfeatures
D.semanticfeatures
19.A(n)______D_____isaunitthatisofdistinctivevalue.Itisanabstractunit,acollectionofdistinctivephoneticfeatures.
A.phone
B.sound
C.allophone
D.Phoneme
20.Thedifferentphoneswhichcanrepresentaphonemeindifferentphoneticenvironmentsarecalledthe__D__ofthatphoneme.
A.phones
B.sounds
C.phonemes
D.allophones
21.Ifalinguisticstudydescribesandanalyzesthelanguagepeopleactuallyuse,itissaidtobe____C___.
A.prescriptiveB.analyticC.descriptiveD.linguistic
22.Modernlinguisticsregardsthewrittenlanguageas___C____.
A.primaryB.correctC.secondaryD.stable
23.Ahistoricalstudyoflanguageisa__B_____studyoflanguage.
A.synchronicB.diachronicC.prescriptiveD.comparative
24.AccordingtoF.deSaussure,___C____referstotheabstractlinguisticsystemsharedbyallthemembersofaspeechcommunity.
A.paroleB.performanceC.langueD.Language
25.Languagecanbeusedtorefertocontextsremovedfromtheimmediatesituationsofthespeaker.Thisfeatureiscalled___A____,
A.displacementB.dualityC.flexibilityD.culturaltransmission
26.Ofallthespeechorgans,the__C_____is/arethemostflexible.
A.mouthB.lipsC.tongueD.vocalcords
27.Thesoundsproducedwithoutthevocalcordsvibratingare__A__sounds.
A.voicelessB.voicedC.vowelD.consonantal
28.Since/p/and/b/arephoneticallysimilar,occurinthesameenvironmentsandtheycandistinguishmeaning,theyaresaidtobe____A_______.
A.inphonemiccontrastB.incomplementarydistribution
C.theallophonesD.minimalpair
29.A__C__vowelisonethatisproducedwiththefrontpartofthetonguemaintainingthehighestposition.
A.backB.centralC.frontD.middle
30.A(n)____D_______isaunitthatisofdistinctivevalue.Itisanabstractunit,acollectionofdistinctivephoneticfeatures.
A.phoneB.soundC.allophoneD.phoneme
31.Themorpheme“vision”inthecommonword“television”isa(n)___D___.
A.boundmorphemeB.boundformC.inflectionalmorphemeD.freemorpheme
32.Thecompoundword“bookstore”istheplacewherebooksaresold.Thisindicatesthatthemeaningofacompound___D_______.
A.isthesumtotalofthemeaningofitscomponents
B.canalwaysbeworkedoutbylookingatthemeaningsofmorphemes
C.isthesameasthemeaningofafreephrase.
D.Noneoftheabove.
33.____C_____isabranchofgrammarwhichstudiestheinternalstructureofwordsandtherulesbywhichwordsareformed.
A.SyntaxB.GrammarC.MorphologyD.Morpheme
34.Themeaningcarriedbytheinflectionalmorphemeis____C___.
A.lexicalB.morphemicC.grammaticalD.semantic
35.___A____modifythemeaningofthestem,butusuallydonotchangethepartofspeechoftheoriginalword.
A.PrefixesB.SuffixesC.RootsD.Affixes
36.Asentenceisconsidered__D__whenitdoesnotconformtothegrammaticalknowledgeinthemindofnativespeakers.
A.rightB.wrongC.grammaticalD.ungrammatical
37.Phrasestructureruleshave__A__properties.
A.recursiveB.grammaticalC.socialD.functional
38.Phrasestructurerulesallowustobetterunderstand______D_______.
A.howwordsandphrasesformsentences.
B.whatconstitutesthegrammaticalityofstringsofwords
C.howpeopleproduceandrecognizepossiblesentences
D.Alloftheabove.
39.Syntacticmovementisdictatedbyrulestraditionallycalled___A_____.
A.transformationalrulesB.generativerulesC.phrasestructurerulesD.x-bartheory
40.Thesentencestructureis___D____.
A.onlylinearB.onlyhierarchicalC.complexD.bothlinearandhierarchical
41.Thesyntacticrulesofanylanguageare__C__innumber.
A.largeB.smallC.finiteD.infinite
42.The____D____rulesaretherulesthatgroupwordsandphrasestoformgrammaticalsentences.
A.lexicalB.morphologicalC.linguisticD.combinational
43.“Weshallknowawordbythecompanyitkeeps.”Thisstatementrepresents____B___.
A.theconceptualistviewB.contexutalismC.thenamingtheoryD.behaviourism
44.“CanIborrowyourbike?
”____D___“Youhaveabike.”
A.issynonymouswithB.isinconsistentwithC.entailsD.presupposes
45._____B______isawayinwhichthemeaningofawordcanbedissectedintomeaningcomponents,calledsemanticfeatures.
A.PredicationanalysisB.ComponentialanalysisC.PhonemicanalysisD.Grammaticalanalysis
46.“Alive”and“dead”are________C______.
A.gradableantonymsB.relationaloppositesC.complementaryantonymsD.Noneoftheabove
47.______C_____referstothephenomenonthatwordshavingdifferentmeaningshavethesameform.
A.PolysemyB.SynonymyC.HomonymyD.Hyponymy
48.Wordsthatarecloseinmeaningarecalled_______D_______.
A.homonymsB.polysemyC.hyponymsD.synonyms
49.____A_____doesnotstudymeaninginisolation,butincontext.
A.PragmaticsB.SemanticsC.SenserelationD.Concept
50.Whatessentiallydistinguishessemanticsandpragmaticsiswhetherinthestudyofmeaning____D_____is
considered.
A.referenceB.speechactC.practicalusageD.context
51.Asentenceisa___B______concept,andthemeaningofasentenceisoftenstudiedinisolation.
A.pragmaticB.grammaticalC.mentalD.conceptual
52.Ifwethinkofasentenceaswhatpeopleactuallyutterinthecourseofcommunication,itbecomesa(n)____C_____.
A.constativeB.directiveC.utteranceD.expressive
53.Whichofthefollowingistrue?
___B____
A.Utterancesusuallydonottaketheformofsentences.
B.Someutterancescannotberestoredtocompletesentences.
C.Noutterancescantaketheformofsentences.
D.Allutterancescanberestoredtocompletesentences.
54.______C____istheactperformedbyorresultingfromsayingsomething;itistheconsequenceof,orthe
changebroughtaboutbytheutterance.
A.AlocutionaryactB.AnillocutionaryactC.AperlocutionaryactD.Aperformativeact
55.Alltheactsthatbelongtothesamecategorysharethesamepurpose,buttheydiffer____C______.
A.intheirillocutionaryacts.B.intheirintentionsexpressed
C.intheirstrengthorforceD.intheireffectbroughtabout
56.Whenanyofthemaximsunderthecooperativeprincipleisflouted,___D____mightarise.
A.impolitenessB.contradictionsC.mutualunderstandingD.conversationalimplicatures
57.Englishlanguageb
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