视听说教程第三册听力原文汇编.docx

视听说教程第三册听力原文汇编.docx

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视听说教程第三册听力原文汇编

Unit1

Lesson1

Audio

Script

WhilesomevisitorstoSingaporeexpectahigh-techcity,therearealsosomepartsoftheislandthatstillreflecthowitusedtolookbeforeurbandevelopmenttookover.

InoneofthemainCentralNatureReserves,monkeysstillroamfreely,livingsidebysidewithhumans.Themacaqueshavegrownaccustomedtobeingfed,sotheylooktohumansasasourceoffood.Butthisinitselfisproblematic.Asthemonkeysdependmoreonhumansforfood,theyventurefurtherfromtheirnaturalhabitat,aphenomenonthathasworriedexperts.

Thereisjustnotenoughspace.Essentially,inmuchofSoutheastAsiawe’veseenalotofhabitatlosswhererainforesthasbeendestroyedandconvertedintohumansettlement.Singaporeisaveryurbanizedcity,andit’stakenalotofspace,sothereisnotmuchspaceleftforlong-tailedmacaques.

Wereallyneedtostopencroachingintonaturereserves.Weneedtostopbuildingthehousessonearbythereserves,whichthencausestheproblemofthemacaquescomingintopeople’shousesandraidingthem.ThesemacaquesareFrenchspeciessotheyliveontheedgesoftherainforests.Ifhumanskeepbuildingthehousessonearthereserves,therewilldefinitelybeaconstanthuman-macaqueconflictissues.

Afterall,themacaquesareessentialtomaintainingtherainforest’secosystem.Moreshouldbedonetoprotectthem.

Video

Script

Thesecreaturesareknownasstatisticsbymostpeople.Butwearetreatingthemasindividuals,tryingtocapturetheirpersonalities.Wewanttoseethemfacetoface,eyetoeye,makethemunavoidable.

Theseriesisnowtheirmissioninlife,theircallingandtheirpassion.Forthetwophotographers,it’sanendlessodysseyacrossAmericatoshowthefacesofcreatureswemayneverseeagain.Thesecreaturesareindanger.They’reslippingaway.Butpeoplecanseethem.Maybewecanmaketheefforttokeepthemwithushereonearth.

“Ok.Makehere.Great!

Great!

”

ThefirstEuropeansonthiscontinenthadacommonenemytoconquer.Itwascallednature.Americaseemedtobeanendlessexpanseofhostilewildness.BisonwanderalongthePotomac.Grizzlybearsstrolled[along]thebeachesofCalifornia.Humanbeingsdidnotevenknowitwaspossibleforaspeciestogoextinct.Butwelearned.Hundredsofcreaturesslippedintoextinction.Evenournationalsymbolwasdisappearingbeforeoureyes.

WhenyouaredrivingacrossAmerica,youunderstandwhysomanyplantsandanimalsareendangered.They’relosingtheirhomes.We’rebuildingahumanworld,andlosingawildone.

Expert:

“It’sasoberingfactthatthereisanextinctioncrisis.Therehavealwaysbeenspeciesgoingextincttimetotime.Butnow,humanactivitiespushthemtoahundredtoathousandtimes.Weareinthemidstofabiologicalcatastrophe.Itisthegreatestsincetheendoftheageofdinosaurs,sixty-fivemillionyearsago.WhatIhopeyousucceedindoingistomakeendangeredspeciesavividpresenceinthelivesofpeople;makeitcleartothemthateveryendangeredspecieshasaname,hasamillion-yearhistory.Thereisaplaceintheworld-bringusfacetofacewitheachoneofthosespecies;makeusknowthattheyarecompanionsinthebiosphere.Theyarenotjustsomethingoutthereyoulookatonceinthewild.Theyareapartofourexistence.They’repartofus.”

Lesson2

Script

Duringthewholeyear’spromotion,aseriesofactivitieswillbeheldtopromotepublicawarenessinprotectingbiodiversitylikesummitforumsandbiodiversityknowledgecompetitions.Also,thegovernmentwillconductsupervisionstofightillegalhuntingandotherrelatedconductinnaturereservesnationwide.

WanBentai,generalengineerattheMinistryofEnvironmentalProtectionsaysbiodiversityisvitaltohumanlife.TheEarthiscolorfuljustbecauseofbiodiversity.Ifallthespeciesweregoneandtherewereonlyushumansleft,humanswouldn’tbeabletosurvive.

Biodiversitynotonlyreferstoallthespecies,includinganimals,plantsandinsectsbutalsothegenesandourlivingenvironment.However,dozensofspeciesaredisappearingonourplaneteveryday.Currently,34,000plantsand5,200animalsareontheedgeofextinction.

Scientistssaymanyspecies’extinctionattributestohumanactivities.

Manyanimalsareendangeredbecauseofhumanactivitieslikehuntingandfishing.Butmanyanimalshaveacloseconnectionwithhumans,soweshouldtreatthemasfriends.Besides,manyplantsmakegreatcontributionstohumanlife,someofwhichareevenmorepreciousthangold.

Inrecentyears,thenumberofanimalandplantspecieshasdeclinedsharplyinChinaduetovariousreasons.Weneedpolicieswhichprotectbiodiversity.Andwehavetofindprogramswhichcanencourageandprovideincentivesforpeoplenottocutdowntheforest,ornottodestroythehabitatofrarebirdsoffisheries.Wehavetodomanythings.

Video

Script

Scientist:

“Innatureitselfeverythingisconnected.Everyspeciesinsomewaydependonothers.Soyouhavethisfabricoflife.Andtomeanendangeredspeciesislikecriticalstitchinthatfabric.Thelongeryoustudyinanyonearea,themoreyourealizeitifanyoneitembecomesextinct.Thefabricfallsapart.Everythingdependsoneverythingelse.”

Sixtyyearsearlier,anotherscientistwentinsearchofendangeredspeciesdeepintotheLouisianaswamps,tryingtofindoneoftherarestbirdsinAmerica.Hefounditandhefilmedit.ItwasthefirsttimeanyonehadeverfilmedtheIvory-billedWoodpeckerandthelast.

“We’refinallygettingtophotographtheivorybilledwoodpeckerbutitwasnotthewaywehadhoped.”

Thebirds’habitatwasdecimatedbydevelopment.In1996theIvory-billedWoodpeckerwasfinallydeclaredextinct.

“Itwasrareandthenitslippedaway.Thepreserveisthebestofallisleft.”

Expert:

“Speciesdonotdieofoldage.Speciesarekilledoff.Andwhenaspeciesdies,withitdiesthisgenetichistorythatcanneverberecreated.Scientistshaveevenbeguntothinkofhowtheymightbeabletoreassembleaspecies,andthelostispermanent.”

Plantsgetignored.Almosttwothirdsofthespeciesareintheendangeredlistareplants.TheyarenotbigandflashyliketheGiantPandaortheRhino,buttheyareequallyimportantinhowlifeworks.Withoutplantstheanimalswouldn’tbehere.Wewouldn’tbehere.

Humanbeingsarethemasterofthisworldnow.Wecantaketheseanimalsandplantswithuswhenwetravelintothefutureorwecansaygoodbyeandsendthemintothenight.Butwhetherwerealizeitornot,wedependutterlyonothercreaturesforourverysurvival.Theyareapartofourexistence.Theyareapartofus.

HomeListening

Aconservationgroupsays163newlydiscoveredspeciesofplantsandanimalsintheGreaterMekongregionofSoutheastAsiawheretheMekongRiver1）flowsareatriskofextinctionbecauseofrisingglobaltemperatures.

Someofthemost2）unusualanimalsincludedafrogwithfangsinThailandthateatsbirdsandaleopard-spottedgeckofoundonanislandinVietnam.Butinareport3）releasedinBangkokonFriday,theWWFsaysthattemperaturesintheregionare4）expectedtorisebyasmuchasfourdegreesCelsiusinthenext60yearsandthatcouldthreatentheirexistence.

TheWWFsaysrareandendangeredspeciesareatthegreatest5）riskfromclimatechange,becauserisingtemperaturescouldaffectfood6）suppliesorcauseweatherproblemsthatdamagehabitats.Thenewlydiscoveredspeciesthatliveatthetopsofmountainsonlyorlow-lyingislandsonly,likethisCatBageckothatwasjustfoundare7）especiallyvulnerabletoclimate-changeimpactsbecauseoftheirrestrictedhabitats.Morethan1,000newspecieshavebeendiscoveredintheGreaterMekongregioninthepast8）decade.

ChangestowildlifeintheMekongareacouldalsoaffectmanyofthe60millionpeoplewhodependontheriverfortheirlivelihoods.Ofalltheregion’stheWWFworksin,theMekongregion9）probablyhastheclosestlinkbetweenitsresourceandhumanlivelihoodthananyotherregionintheworld.

TheWWFreportcomesjustdaysaheadofamajorUnitedNationsmeetinginBangkokonclimatechange.TheBangkokmeetingwill10）trytonarrowdownaframeworkagreementonglobalemissiontargetstobenegotiatedattheendofthisyear.

Unit2

Lesson1

Audio

Script

Whenitcomestointelligence,therehasalwaysbeenonefundamentalquestion:

Isintelligenceafunctionofnature?

Isitsimplyencodedinachild’sgenes?

Orisitafunctionofnurture?

Isitmoreabouttheenvironmentthatachildgrowsupin?

Ontheonehand,ifwetaketwopeopleatrandomfromthecrowd,itisverylikelythattheirdegreesofintelligencewillbecompletelydifferent.However,ifwetaketwoidenticaltwins,chancesarethattheywillbeasintelligentaseachother.Therefore,aconclusioncanbedrawnthatintelligenceistosomeextentsomethingwearebornwith.Ontheotherhand,though,ifweputidenticaltwinsindifferentenvironments,wewouldfinddifferencesintheirintelligenceseveralyearslater,whichindicatesthatenvironmentdoesplayacrucialroleinpeople’sintelligence.

Recently,datahasclearlyindicatedthatnurtureisindeedmorethan50%oftheequation.Thatisgoodnewsforeducators,butevenbetternewsforsocietyasawhole.

Fortunately,PresidentObamahascomeoutinstrongsupportofearlychildhoodeducation,particularlyforthosechildrenmostatriskofschoolfailure.Investinginqualitypre-schoolopportunitiesclearlyhelpsgivechildrenfrompoverty-strickenareasthechanceatastrongerstartinschoolandinlife.

Ifweareseriousabouthelpingourchildrensucceedinschool,ifwearetrulyinterestedin“Leaving