Readings in Wordsworth Microsoft Word 文档.docx

Readings in Wordsworth Microsoft Word 文档.docx

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RomanticPeriodofEnglishLiterature

Generalintroduction

1798-1832theperiodoftenreferredtoastheRomanticTriumphwasbetweenthepublicationofLyricalBalladstothedeathofWalterScott.（1832-1901theVictorianAge）

TheromanticperiodcameintobeingduringtheNapoleonicWars,andflourishedduringthepainfuleconomicdislocationswhichweretheiraftermath.ItsawunionwithIreland;itwitnessedthesufferingwhichwasattendantupontheIndustrialRevolution;itwastornbyChartismandthegreatdebatescenteringaroundtheReformBill;itdevelopedasensitivehumanitarianismoutofwitnessingthesufferingofthemasses;itbothespousedanddespisedthedoctrineofutilitarianism.AnindustrialEnglandwasbeingborninpainandsuffering.Thethroesofdevelopingdemocracy,theuglinessofthesuddengrowthofcities,theprevalenceofhumanpain,theblatantpresenceofthe“profitmotive”–allhelpedtocharacterizewhatwasinmanyrespects“thebestoftimes…theworstoftimes.”

DuringtheAgeoftheRomanticTriumph,aphilosophicalRomanticismbasedonvalueintheindividual,ontheromanticviewofnature,andonanorganicconceptofartdominatedtheEnglishliterarymind.Optimismwasthespiritofthetimes,althoughitwasoftenanoptimismcloselyassociatedwiththeimpulsetorevoltandwithradicalpoliticalreform.

TheRomanticPeriodwasa“goldenage”ofpoetry,richwithsonorousvoicesofWordsworth,Coleridge,Shelley,Keats,Byron,Tennyson,andArnold,etc..Itwasalsoagreatageforthenovel,producingGodwin,Scott,Austen,theBrontes,Thackeray,Dickens,andtheearlyGeorgeEliot.

Romanticismas:

LiteraryHistoryoftheRomanticPeriod

Pre-romanticism

Majorpre-romanticists:

ThomasPercy,ThomasChatterton,WilliamBlake,andRobertBurns.

TheylaidthefoundationforthedevelopmentofRomanticismin

Astrongattachmenttofeelingsandemotions.

Adeepsympathytowardcommonordisadvantagedindividuals.

Andestablishingahighlymelancholicandnostalgictone.

Ahighlysubjectivemood.

TheRomanticPeriodofEnglishLit.refersto1798withthePublicationofLyricalBallads,to1832,withtheDeathofWalterScott.

ThegloryoftheageisthepoetryofWordsworth,Coleridge,Byron,Shelley,Keats,Moore,Southey,andScott.

TheLakePoetTrio:

Wordsworth,Coleridge,andSouthey.

Arebellionagainstrationalism,ashiftingawayfromthereasonasafundamentaltooltosolvehumanproblems,andtoimprovehumanlives.

Thisischaracterizedbyarejectionofsciences,andreemphasisoffeelings.

Arevolutionagainsttradition,inspiredbytheFrenchRevolution,andtriggeredbytheIndustrialRevolution,whichisrevealedbythecallofmostRomanticPoetsforradicalchangesaimingatcreatingafreer,equal,andmorefriendlyworld.Thepursuitoffreedom,equalityandloveamongmankind.

Areturntonatureasahealingforce.Romanticpoetsarefrequentlyfoundtoreturntonatureforwisdom,inspiration,hope,andbeauty.

Romanticismischaracterizedby:

Freeandunrestrainedimaginationthatisnotdisciplinedbyreasonandlimitedbyrealities.

Focusedontheinnerworldofthepoets,aimingatexpressingthefeelings.Asaresult,itissubjectiveratherthanobjective,psychologicalratherthanrealistic.

Resortingtofaranddistant,exoticeventsorimagesascarrieroftheirmessages.

Melancholy

Nostalgias

Glorificationofthecommonplace

RomanticPeriodispredominantlypoetryratherthanprose.

TheRomanticPeriodmarksthesecondgreatestperiodinthehistoryofBritishliterature.

WilliamWordsworth,1770-1850

ThechiefrepresentativeofBritishRomanticpoets,andoftheLakePoets

WordsworthwasinspiredandgreatlyinfluencedbytheFrenchRevolution.

HewroteinPrelude:

Blisswasitinthatdawntobealive,

Buttobeyoungwasveryheaven.

Whichrevealshisexcitementattheprospectofrevolutionarychange,whichischaracterizedbyfreedom,equality,andfraternity.

ButcomparedwithotherRomanticpoetsofhistime,Wordsworthisnotconsideredarevolutionarypoet.

Wordsworth’spoetryexperiencesashiftfromradicalismtoconservatisminhislateryears,forwhichhewasappointedthePoetLaureate,andforthesamereasonhewasmuchcriticizedandattackedbylaterpoets.

WordsworthinthePrefaceto“LyricalBallads”,acollectionofpoemsincollaborationwithColeridge,definedpoetryas“aspontaneousoverflowofpowerfulfeelings.”

Readings:

1.

MyHeartLeapsUp

MyheartleapsupwhenIbehold

Arainbowinthesky:

Sowasitwhenmylifebegan;

SoisitnowIamaman;

SobeitwhenIshallgrowold,

Orletmedie!

TheChildisfatheroftheMan;

AndIcouldwishmydaystobe

Boundeachtoeachbynaturalpiety.

Questions:

1.Howdoesthespeakerrespondtoarainbow?

2.Whatdoeshethinkofhisabi