高级造型方法.docx

高级造型方法.docx

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高级造型方法

18、高级造型方法

18.1挤压空间造型

Extrusion节点

Extrusion{

creaseAngle指定一个折痕角的阈值

endCapFALSE设置是否建立底盖

beginCapFALSE设置是否建立顶盖

solidFALSE设置造型是否是实体造型

crossSection[]指定一系列的二维坐标，定义封闭或开放的轮廓

spine[]定义一系列三维坐标，定义了一个封闭的或开放的轨迹

scale[]指定一系列放样图形、比例因素对

实例18.1

#通过挤压空间造型方法创建一个喇叭型的造型

#VRMLV2.0utf8

Group{

children[

Shape{

appearanceAppearance{

materialMaterial{

diffuseColor1.01.00.0

specularColor1.00.700.0

shininess0.7

}

}

geometryExtrusion{

creaseAngle1.57

endCapFALSE

beginCapFALSE

solidFALSE

crossSection[1.000.00,

0.92-0.38,

0.71-0.71,

0.38-0.92,

0.00-1.00,

-0.38-0.92,

-0.71-0.71,

-0.92-0.38,

-1.00-0.00,

-0.920.38,

-0.710.71,

-0.380.92,

0.001.00,

0.380.92,

0.710.71,

0.920.38,

1.000.00

]

spine[0.00.00.0,0.00.40.0,

0.00.80.0,0.01.20.0,

0.01.60.0,0.02.00.0,

0.02.40.0,0.02.80.0,

0.03.20.0,0.03.60.0,

0.04.00.0]

scale[1.81.8,2.02.0,

2.02.0,1.951.95,

1.81.8,1.51.5,

1.21.2,1.01.0,

0.80.8,1.01.0,

1.151.15,

]

}

}

]

}

实例18.3

#创建一个空间螺旋状的空间造型

#VRMLV2.0utf8

Group{

children[

Shape{

appearanceAppearance{

materialMaterial{

diffuseColor1.00.00.0

specularColor1.00.700.0

shininess0.7

}

}

geometryExtrusion{

creaseAngle1.57

endCapFALSE

beginCapFALSE

solidFALSE

crossSection[1.000.00,

0.92-0.38,

0.71-0.71,

0.38-0.92,

0.00-1.00,

-0.38-0.92,

-0.71-0.71,

-0.92-0.38,

-1.00-0.00,

-0.920.38,

-0.710.71,

-0.380.92,

0.001.00,

0.380.92,

0.710.71,

0.920.38,

1.000.00

]

spine[2.000.00-0.00,1.850.10-0.77,

1.410.20-1.41,0.770.30-1.85,

0.000.60-2.00,-0.770.80-1.85,

-1.411.00-1.41,-1.851.20-0.77,

-2.001.400.00,-1.851.600.77,

-1.411.801.41,-0.772.001.85,

0.002.202.00,0.772.401.85,

1.412.601.41,1.852.800.77,

2.003.000.00,1.853.20-0.77,

1.413.40-1.41,0.773.60-1.85,

0.003.80-2.00,-0.774.00-1.85,

-1.414.20-1.41,-1.854.40-0.77,

-2.004.600.00,-1.854.800.77,

-1.415.001.41,-0.775.201.85,

0.005.402.00,0.775.601.85,

1.415.801.41,1.856.000.77,

]

scale[0.20.2,0.250.25,

0.30.3,0.350.35,

0.40.4,0.450.45,

0.50.5,0.550.55,

0.60.6,0.650.65,

0.70.7,0.750.75,

0.80.8,0.850.85,

0.90.9,0.950.95,

1.01.0,1.051.05,

1.11.1,1.151.15,

1.21.2,1.251.25,

1.31.3,1.351.35,

1.41.4,1.451.45,

1.51.5,1.551.55,

1.61.6,1.651.65,

1.81.8,2.002.00,

]

}

}

]

}

18.2海拔栅格造型

通过以下两个实例加以说明

实例18.4

#山脉造型

#VRMLV2.0utf8

Group{

children[

Shape{

appearanceAppearance{

materialMaterial{

diffuseColor0.01.00.0

specularColor0.00.800.0

shininess0.2

}

}

geometryElevationGrid{

xDimension10

zDimension10

xSpacing1.0

zSpacing1.0

solidFALSE

creaseAngle0.785

height[

0.0,0.0,0.5,0.0,0.7,0.6,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,

0.0,0.3,0.4,0.5,0.3,0.8,0.2,0.1,0.6,0.0,

0.2,0.6,0.7,0.3,0.7,1.6,1.0,0.6,0.7,0.0,

0.5,0.3,0.8,1.3,1.7,2.6,1.8,1.6,1.0,0.5,

1.5,2.3,1.8,2.3,2.7,3.6,4.8,3.6,1.5,1.5,

2.0,3.0,1.0,3.0,2.8,4.6,6.0,2.0,2.0,2.0,

0.5,0.3,0.8,1.3,1.7,2.6,1.8,1.6,1.0,0.5,

0.2,0.6,0.7,0.3,0.7,1.6,1.0,0.6,0.7,0.0,

0.0,0.0,0.5,0.0,0.7,0.6,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,

0.0,0.3,0.4,0.5,0.3,0.8,0.2,0.1,0.6,0.0,

]

}

}

]

}

实例18.5

#一个太阳的造型

#VRMLV2.0utf8

Group{

children[

Transform{

scale2.00.62.0

childrenShape{

appearanceAppearance{

materialMaterial{

diffuseColor1.00.80.0

shininess0.4

}

}

geometrySphere{

radius2.0

}

}

},

DEFWgroup01Group{

children[

Shape{

appearanceAppearance{

materialMaterial{

diffuseColor0.00.01.0

shininess0.8

}

}

geometryDEFBgridElevationGrid{

xDimension2

zDimension10

xSpacing2.0

zSpacing1.0

solidFALSE

creaseAngle3.14

height[

-0.50,-0.50,

0.50,0.50

-0.50,-0.50

0.50,0.50,

-0.50,-0.50,

0.50,0.50,

-0.50,-0.50,

0.50,0.50,

-0.50,-0.50,

0.50,0.50

]

}

},

Transform{

rotation0.01.00.00.52

childrenShape{

appearanceAppearance{

materialMaterial{

diffuseColor1.00.00.0

shininess0.8

}

}

geometryUSEBgrid

}

},

Transform{

rotation0.01.00.01.05

childrenShape{

appearanceAppearance{

materialMaterial{

diffuseColor0.01.00.0

shininess0.8

}

}

geometryUSEBgrid

}

}

]

},

Transform{

rotation0.01.00.01.57

childrenUSEWgroup01

},

Transform{

rotation0.01.00.03.14

childrenUSEWgroup01

},

Transform{

rotation0.01.00.04.6

childrenUSEWgroup01

}

]

}

18.3点、线、面造型

Coordinate节点创建了一张坐标列表并且被作为基于坐标的几何节点的coord域值使用。

Coordinate{

Point[]

}

PointSet节点，可以在虚拟空间中创建出一系列的点，通常作为Shape节点的geometry域的域值。

PointSet{

coord

color

}

IndexedLineSet节点创建空间折线几何造型，同时可以被用作造型节点的geometry值域。

IndexedLineSet{

coord

coordIndex[]

color

colorIndex[]

colorPerVertEX

set_coordIndex[]

set_colorIndex

}

实例18.6

#创建空间5个点的空间点造型

#VRMLV2.0utf8

Group{

children[

Shape{

appearanceAppearance{

materialMaterial{

emissiveColor1.01.00.0

}

}

geometryPointSet{

coordCoordinate{

point[

1.00.00.0,

0.00.01.0,

-1.00.00.0,

0.00.0-1.0,

0.01.60.0

]

}

}

}

]

}

实例18.7

#空间线框造型

#VRMLV2.0utf8

Group{

children[

Shape{

appearanceAppearance{

materialMaterial{

emissiveColor1.01.00.0

}

}

geometryIndexedLineSet{

coordCoordinate{

point[

1.00.00.0,

0.00.01.0,

-1.00.00.0,

0.00.0-1.0,

0.01.60.0

]

}

coordIndex[

#连接各个顶点

0,4,2,1,0,3,4,1,3,2,0,-1

]

}

}

]

}

IndexedFaceSet节点创建空间面几何造型，同时可以被用作造型节点的geometry值

IndexedFaceSet{

Coord

coordIndex[]

convexFALSE

solidFALSE

}

实例18.8

#由5个面组成的空间方椎型造型

#VRMLV2.0utf8

Group{

children[

Shape{

appearanceAppearance{

materialMaterial{

emissiveColor1.01.00.0

}

}

geometryIndexedFaceSet{

coordCoordinate{

point[

1.00.00.0,

0.00.01.0,

-1.00.00.0,

0.00.0-1.0,

0.01.60.0

]

}

coordIndex[

#创建各个面

0,1,2,3,4,-1,

0,4,1,-1,

1,4,2,-1,

2,4,3,-1,

3,4,0,-1,

]

}

}

]

}

实例18.9

#创建空间凹面造型

#VRMLV2.0utf8

Group{

children[

Shape{

appearanceAppearance{

materialMaterial{

diffuseColor1.00.80.0

}

}

geometryIndexedFaceSet{

coordCoordinate{

point[

0.00.00.0,

5.55.00.90,

4.05.51.00,

7.08.01.40,

4.09.01.60,

1.05.00.90,

2.54.50.80,

5.55.0-0.90,

4.05.0-1.00,

7.08.0-1.40,

4.09.0-1.60,

1.05.0-0.90,

2.54.5-0.80,

]

}

coordIndex[

0,1,2,3,4,5,6,-1,

0,12,11,10,9,8,7,-1,

0,7,1,-1,

1,7,8,2,-1,

2,8,9,3,-1,

3,9,10,4,-1,

4,10,11,5,-1,

5,11,12,6,-1,

6,12,0,-1

]

convexFALSE

}

}

]

}

实例18.10

#创建复杂的面空间场景

#VRMLV2.0utf8

Group{

children[

Shape{

appearanceAppearance{

materialMaterial{}

}

geometryBox{

size30.00.130.0

}

},

DEFWceilingTransform{

translation0.02.00.0

children[

DEFceilingShape{

appearanceAppearance{

materialMaterial{

diffuseColor1.01.00.0

}

}

geometryIndexedFaceSet{

coordCoordinate{

point[

-1.00.01.0,

-1.00.260.97,

-1.00.50.87,

-1.00.710.71,

-1.00.870.5,

-1.00.970.26,

-1.01.00.0,

-1.00.97-0.26,

-1.00.87-0.5,

-1.00.71-0.71,

-1.00.5-0.87,

-1.00.26-0.97,

-1.00.0-1.0,

-1.00.01.0,

-0.970.260.97,

-0.870.50.87,

-0.710.710.71,

-0.50.870.5,

-0.260.960.26,

0.01.00.0,

-0.260.96-0.26,

-0.50.87-0.5,

-0.710.71-0.71,

-0.870.5-0.87,

-0.970.26-0.97,

-1.00.0-1.0,

]

}

coordIndex[

0,13,14,1,-1,

1,14,15,2,-1,

2,15,16,3,-1,

3,16,17,4,-1,

4,17,18,5,-1,

5,18,19,5,-1,

6,19,20,7,-1,

7,20,21,8,-1,

8,21,22,9,-1,

9,22,23,10,-1,

10,23,24,11,-1,

11,24,25,12,-1,

]

solidFALSE

}

}

Transform{

translation-2.00.00.0

rotation0.01.00.03.14

children[

USEceiling

]

}

]

},

Transform{

translation-2.00.00.0

childrenUSEWceiling

},

Transform{

translation2.00.00.0

childrenUSEWceiling

},

Transform{

translation0.00.0-2.0

childrenUSEWceiling

},

Transform{

translation0.00.02.0

childrenUSEWceiling

},

Transform{

translation-3.01