母语负迁移在汉英翻译中的影响学位论文.docx

母语负迁移在汉英翻译中的影响学位论文.docx

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母语负迁移在汉英翻译中的影响学位论文

摘要

英汉双语隶属于不同语系,，且在各方面存在极大不同。

随着现今国内对翻译的逐步重视，英语言研究者将重点放在语言迁移方面。

语言迁移可分为正迁移和负迁移。

正迁移指的是母语和目的语的相同之处，且对目的语学习的促进作用。

而负迁移则是，母语和目标语的不同之处，且对目标语学习进行干扰。

在此情况下，译者在翻译过程中会受到母语影响。

在翻译习作中，母语迁移显现尤为突出。

本文主要分三个层次对汉英翻译中的母语负迁移现象进行探讨。

关键词：

负迁移;汉英翻译;干扰

TableofContents

Abstracti

摘要ii

1.Introduction1

2.LiteratureReview2

2.1Languagetransferstudiesabroad2

2.2LanguagetransferstudiesinChina2

3.NegativeTransferinLexicon3

3.1DifferenceinwordstructurebetweenChineseandEnglish3

3.1.1ConstitutionofChineseatthelexicallevel3

3.1.2IntegrityofEnglishatthelexicallevel3

4.NegativeTransferinSyntax5

4.1SentenceStructure5

4.1.1Integralityofthestructureofasimplesentence5

4.1.2Connectionandcohesioninthestructureofacomplexsentence6

4.2Thetensesoffiniteverbs7

4.3Theformsofnon-finiteverbs7

4.4Thepluralofnouns8

5.NegativeTransferinDiscourse9

5.1Therestructuringofsyntax9

5.2Restructuringofsyntacticorder9

6.Strategies11

6.1Suggestionsforteachers11

6.2Suggestionsforlearners11

7.Conclusion12

References13

Acknowledgements14

1.Introduction

Whenitcomestoforeignlanguagestudy,wecanoftennoticetheinfluenceofourmothertongue.ItiseasytofindthatwhenaChinesestudentspeaksEnglish,hisorherEnglishsoundslikeChinese.Therefore,theinfluenceofmothertonguecalledlanguagetransferalsohaveaneffectondifferentlevelsoftheotherlanguage,suchasphonetics,phonology,semantics,discourseandsyntax.Languagetransferoriginatedfrompsychology,whichmaybeeitherpositiveornegative.Positivetransferisthefacilitationbythemothertonguethroughsimilaritiesbetweenthemothertongueandthetargetlanguage;andnegativetransferisinterferencebythemothertongue,resultingfromthedissimilaritiesbetweenthemothertongueandthetargetlanguage.

Recently,languagetransferstudy,especiallystudyonnegativetransfer,playsanimportantroleinthefieldoflinguisticsinChina.NegativetransferofmothertonguealsoprevailsinChinese-Englishtranslationpractice.Scholarsoflinguisticshavefoundthatmostofthelinguisticerrorsinstudents’translationproductsareresultsoftheinfluenceofChineseandtheeffectofnegativetransferatdifferencelinguisticlevelssuchaslexicon,semantics,anddiscourse.

Thisthesisconsistsofsevenchapters.ChapterOneintroducesthedefinitionandmanifestationoflanguagetransfer.Chaptertwoprovidesageneralreviewoftheissueandtheviewpointsoflinguistsathomeandabroad.ChapterThreeisconcernedwiththenegativetransferofmothertongueatthelexicallevel.BecauseoftheculturaldifferencebetweenChinaandtheWest,thereisabigdifferenceinwordstructurebetweentheirlanguages.ChapterFour,mainlydealswiththegrammaticalerrorsatthesyntacticlevelcausedbylanguagetransfer.ChapterFiveanalyzestheerrorsmadeinthetranslationatdiscourselevel.ChaptersixprovidessomestrategiesdrawnfromthestudyforbothEnglishlearnersandteachers.Thelastchapterdrawsaconclusion.

2.LiteratureReview

2.1Languagetransferstudiesabroad

Researchonlanguagetransferoriginatedinthe1940sand1950s.H.Ellisassumedthattransferis“thelearningofTaskAwillaffectthelearningofTaskB”.InthebookLanguageTransferinLanguageLearningbySelinkerandGass,thereareatleast17definitionsoflanguagetransfer.Odlinoffershis“workingdefinition”oftransferinthebookLanguageTransfer,whichrunsasfollows:

Transferistheinfluenceresultingfromsimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenthetargetlanguageandanyotherlanguagethathasbeenpreviouslyacquired（andperhapsimperfectly）acquired.

Behaviorismpredominatedinthefieldoflinguisticsinearlyresearch.Basedonthattheory,secondlanguageacquisition（SLA）isaresultoftheoldhabitsofthelearners’firstlanguageinterferingwiththenewhabitsofsecondlanguage.Withthistheory,Friesclaimsthegreatestcreditforcomparingandcontrastingthefirstandtargetlanguages,andasaresultcontrastiveanalysiswascreated.

Theimportanceoftransferhasonceagainbeenacknowledgedrecently.Odlin（1989）commentsthatdespitethecounterarguments…thereisalargeandgrowingbodyofresearchthatindicatesthattransferisindeedaveryimportantfactorinsecondlanguageacquisition.（1989:

4）

Therearealotoffactorsthatprovedthephenomenonoflanguagetransferinthestudiesofscholarsweredefinedasstructuralfactorsandnon-structuralfactorsbyOdlin（1989）

2.2LanguagetransferstudiesinChina

Thestudyoflanguagetransfer,especiallynegativetransfer,hasbeenincreasingrecentlyinChina.ZhangDecong（1994）definesthenegativetransferofmothertongueasthemainfactorleadingtoerrorsonthepartofChinesestudentsinlearni