职称英语阅读理解.docx

职称英语阅读理解.docx

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职称英语阅读理解

第十七篇EiffelIsanEyefull

Some300metersup,neartheEiffelTower'swind-whippedsummittheworldcomestoscribble.Japanese,Brazilians,Americans-theygraffititheirnames,lovesandpoliticsonthecoldiron-transformingthemostFrenchofmonumentsintosymbolofaworldonthemove.

WithParislaidoutinminiaturebelow,,itseemsstrangethatvisitorswouldfatherwastetimemarkingtheirpresencethanadmiringtheview.Butthegrafritialsoraisesaquestion:

Why,nearly114yearsafteritwascompleted.anddecadesafteritceasedtobetheworld'stalleststructure,islaTourEiffelstillsopopular?

Thereasonsareascomplexastheironworkthatgracesastructuresome90storieshigh.Butpartoftheansweris,nodoubt,itsagelessness.Regularlymaintained,itshouldneverrustaway.Graffitiisregularlypaintedover,butthetowerliveson.

"EiffelrepresentsParisandParisisFrance.Itisverysymbolic",saysHuguesRichard,a31-year-oldFrenchmanwhoholdstherecordforcyclinguptothetower'ssecondfloor-747stepsin19minutesand4seconds.withouttouchingthefloorwithhisfeet."It'sironlady.Itinspiresus",hesays.

Buttowhat?

Afterall,thetowerdoesn'thaveapurpose.Itceasedtobetheworld'stallestin1930whentheChryslerBuildingwentupinNewYork.Yes,televisionandradiosignalsarebeamedfromthetop,andGustaveEiffel,afreneticbuilderwhodiedonDecember27,aged91,useditsheightforconductingresearchintoweather,aerodynamicsandradiocommunication.

Butinessencethetowerinspiressimplybybeingthere-ablankcanvasforvisitorstomakeofitwhattheywi11.Tothetechnicallyminded's,it'sanengineeringtriumph.Forlovers,it'sromantic.

"Thetowerwilloutlast.allofus,andbyalongway'6".saysIsabelleEsnous,whosecompanymanagesEiffelTower.

l.WhydoestheauthorthinktheEiffelToweristransformedintosymbolofaworldonthemove?

A）TouristsfromallovertheworldcometotheEiffelTowerbycarorbyplane.

B）TouristsofallnaUionalitiescometoscribbleonthecoldironofthetower.

C）TheEiffelToweristhetallestbuildingintheworld.

D）TheEiffelTowerrepresentsallthetowersintheworld.

2.Whatseemsstrangetotheauthor?

A）Visitorspreferwastingtimescribblingtoenjoyingtheview

B）Visitorsspendsmuchtimewatchingotherpeoplescribbling.

C）OnlyJapanese,BraziliansandAmericansliketomarktheirpresence.

D）Scribblingspreadfromcountrytocountry.

3.WhichstatementisNOTtrueofHuguesRichard?

A）Heisacyclist.

B）Heisarecordholder.

C）Heclimbed747stepsupthetowerin19minutesand4seconds.

D）Hecycleduptothetower'ssecondfloor.

4.WhatdidthebuilderusetheEiffelTowerfor?

A）Sendingradioandtelevisionsignalsallovertheworld.

B）Conductingresearchinvariousfields.

C）Givingpeopleinspiration.D）DemonstratingFrenchculture.

5.Whichofthefollowingisnearestinmeaningto"（TheEiffelTowerislike）ablankcanvasforvisitorstomakeofitwhattheywill"?

A）Visitorscandowhatevertheywantonthetower.

B）Visitorscanpaintonthetowerwhatevertheywant.

C）Visitorscanimaginefreelywhatthetowerrepresents.

D）VisitorscandrawonablankcanvasprovidedbytheTowermanagementcompany.

第十八篇GoalofAmericanEducation

EducationisanenormousandexpensivepartofAmericanlife.Itssizeismatchedbyitsvariety.

DifferencesinAmericanschoolscomparedwiththosefoundinthemajorityofothercountrieslieinthefactthateducationherehaslongbeenintendedforeveryone-notjustforaprivilegedelite.Schoolsareexpectedtomeettheneedsofeverychild,regardlessofability.andalsotheneedsofsocietyitself.Thismeansthatpublicschoolsoffermorethanacademicsubjects.Itsurprisesmanypeoplewhentheycomeheretofindhighschoolsofferingsuchcoursesastyping,sewing,radiorepair,computerprogrammingordrivertraining,alongwithtraditionalacademicsubjectssuchasmathematics,history,andlanguages.Studentschoosetheircurriculadependingontheirinterests,futuregoals,andlevelofability.TheunderlyinggoalofAmericaneducationistodevelopeverychildtotheutmostofhisorherownpossibilities,andtogiveeachoneasenseofcivicandcommunityconsciousness.

Schoolshavetraditionallyplayedanimportantroleincreatingnationalunityand"Americanizing"themillionsofimmigrantswhohavepouredintothiscountryfrommanydifferentbackgroundsandorigins.Schoolsstillplayalargeroleinthecommunity.especiallyinthesmalltowns.

Theapproachtoteachingmayseemunfamiliartomany,notonlybecauseitisinformal,butalsobecausethereisnotmuchemphasisonleamingfacts.Instead,Americanstrytoteachtheirchildrentothinkforthemselvesandtodeveloptheirownintellectualandcreativeabilities.Studentsspendmuchtime,learninghowtouseresourcematerials,libraries.statisticsandcomputers.Americansbelievethatifchildrenaretaughttoreasonwellandtoresearchwell,theywillbeabletofindwhateverfactstheyneedthroughouttherestoftheirlives.Knowinghowtosolveproblemsisconsideredmoreimportantthantheaccumulationoffacts.

ThisisAmerica'sanswertothesearchingquestionthatthoughtfulparentsallovertheworldareaskingthemselvesinthefast-movingtime:

"Howcanonepreparetoday'schildforatomorrowthatonecanneitherpredictnorunderstand?

"

l.WhichofthefollowingbeststatesthegoalofAmericaneducation?

A）Toteacheveryleamersomepracticalskills.

B）Toprovideeveryleamerwithrichknowledge.

C）Togiveeverystudenttheopportunitytofullydevelophis/herability

D）Totraineverystudenttobearesponsiblecitizen

2.Itisimpliedinthepassagethat

A）allhigh-schoolstudentstakethesamecourses

B）everyhigh-schoolstudentmusttakesomepracticalabilitytrainingcourses

C）everypublicschoolofferschesameacademicsubjects

D）thesubjectseverystudenttakesmayvary

3.Americanschoolsplacegreatemphasisontheleamer's

A）enrichmentofknowledgeB）accumulationoffacts

C）acquisitionoftheabilitytobecreative

D）acquisitionoftheabilitytoworkwithhishands

4.Accordingtothepassage.AmericaneducationmeetstheneedsofallthefollowingEXCEPT.

A）thebrighteststudentsB）theslowstudents

C）thestudentsfromforeigncounfriesD）theimmigrants

5.WhichofthefollowingbeststatesthefeatureofAmericaneducationthatmakesitdifferentfromeducationinothercountries?

A）Thelargenumberofitsschools.

B）Thevarietyofthecoursesofferedinitsschools.

C）Itsspecialconsiderationgiventoimmigrants.

D）Itsunderlyinggoaltodevelopeverychild'sabilitiestothefullestextent.

第十九篇TheFamily

Thestructureofafamilytakesdifferentformsaroundtheworldandeveninthesamesociety.Thefamily'sformchangesasitadaptstochangingsocialandeconomicinfluences.Untilrecently,themostcommonforminNorthAmericawasthenuclearfamily.consistingofamarriedcouplewiththeirminorchildren.Thenuclearfamilyisanindependentunit.Itmustbepreparedtofendforitself.Individualfamilymembersstronglydependononeanother.Thereislittlehelpfromoutsidethefamilyinemergencies.Elderlyrelativesofanuclearfamilyarecaredforonlyifitispossibleforthefamilytodoso.InNorthAmerica,theelderlyoftendonotlivewiththefamily;theyliveinretirementcommunitiesandnursinghomes.

Therearemanyparallelsbetweenthenuclearfamilyinindustrialsocieties.suchasNorthAmerica,andoffamiliesinsocietiessuchasthatoftheInuits.wholiveinharshenvironments.Thenuclearfamilystructureiswelladaptedtoalifeofmobility.Inharshconditions,mobilityallowsthefamilytohuntforfood.ForNorthAmericans,thehuntforjobsandimprovedsocialstalusalsorequiresmobility.

ThenuclearfamilywasnotalwaystheNorthAmericanstandard.Inamoreagrariantime.Thesmallnuclearfamilywasusuallypartofalargerextendedfamily.Thismighthaveincludedgrandparents,motherandfather,brothersandsisters.uncles,aunts,andcousins.InNorthAmericatoday,thereisadramaticnseinthenumberofsingle-parenthouseholds.TwiceasmanyhouseholdsintheUnitedStatesareheadedbydivorced,separated,ornever-marriedindividualsasarecomprisedofnuclearfamilies.Thestructureofthefamily,notjustinNorthAmerica,butthroughouttheworld.continuestochangeasitadaptstochangingconditions.

l.Anothergoodtitleforthispassagewouldbe

A）WhatMakesaFamily?

B）TheLifeoftheInuits.

C）LivingwithHardship.D）TheFailureoftheNuclearFamily.

2.Anuclearfamilyisdefinedas

A）amarriedcouplewiththeirminorchildren

B）asinglefatherwithminorchildren.

C）parents,grandparents,andchildren

D）parents,children,andauntsanduncles

3.Theinformationinthispassagewouldmostlikelybefoundin

A）ananthropologytextbookB）abiologytextbook

C）amathematicstextbookD）ageographytextbook

4.Theinformationinthefrrstparagraphispresentedmainlythrough

A）listingstatisticsB）.tellingastory

C）pointingoutsimilaritiesD）pointingoutdifferences

5.Thewordmobilitymeans

A）moneyB）readinesstomoveC）organizationD）skill

第二十篇TalesoftheTerriblePast

Itisnotthejoboffictionwriterstoanalyzeandinterprethistory.Yetbywritingaboutthepastinavividandcompellingmanner,storytellerscanbringearliererastolifeandforcereaderstoconsiderthemseriously.Amongthosetakingonthetaskofrecountinghistoryaresomeblackwriterswhoattemptt