牛津译林版8A Unit5知识点及语法点讲解有答案.docx
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牛津译林版8A Unit5知识点及语法点讲解有答案.docx
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牛津译林版8AUnit5知识点及语法点讲解有答案
8AU5词汇+可数名词与不可数名词/代词another/(the)other(s)
课文复习
根据课文原文完成下列空格。
Dinosaurs
DinosaurslivedontheEarthoversixtymillionyearsago.Thiswasalongtimebeforepeople_____1_____.Dinosaurslivedeverywhere.Somewereassmallaschickens.Otherswereasbigastenelephants.Somedinosaursevenhadwingsandcouldfly.
Manydinosaurswere_____2_____.Theywereasgentleassheepandateplants.Otherwerehamful.Theywerefiercerthantigersandatemeat.
Dinosaursalldiedoutsuddenly.Nobodyknowswhy.Weknowaboutthelivesofdinosaursfromtheskeletons,eggsand_____3_____theyleftbehind.
Diogenes
Diogeneswasafamousthinker.helivedinGreeceabouttwothousandyearsago.Hetaughtthatthewaytobehappywastoownasfewthingsas_____4_____.Allheownedwasabigjarthathelivedin,acoat,abagandacup.Hewasveryhappy.Oneday,Diogenessawaboydrinkingwaterformhishandsbya______5_____,sohethrewawayhiscupandbecameevenhappier.
Disney,Walt
DisneylandisafamousamusementparkintheUSA.DisneylandwascreatedbyWaltDisney,whoisfamousforhiscartoon_____6_____:
MickeyMouse,DonaldDuck,Goofy,SnowWhiteandmanyothers.
DisneywasbornintheUSA.Afterleavingschool,hesoldnewspapersand_____7_____mail.Atthesametime,hestudiedartatnight.Finallyhegotajobthathereallyliked-drawingcartoonsforfilms.
Disney’smostfamouscartooncharacter,MickeyMouse,wasarealmouse.ItsometimessatonDisney’sdeskwhilehewasworking.Disneydrewthemouseandputitinacartoon.SoonMickeybecameastarandDisneybecamerichandfamous.
【答案】1.existed2.harmless3.footprints4.possible5.fountain6.characters7.delivered
Part2根据音标写单词8AU5Vocabulary
序号
英文
音标
词性
中文
1
['æfrɪkə]
n.
非洲
2
[ˈjʊərəp]
n.
欧洲
3
[fɪəs]
adj.
凶猛的
4
[ɪnˌsaɪklə'pi:
dɪə]
n.
百科全书
5
[ˈdaɪnəsɔ:
(r)]
n.
恐龙
6
[ɪgˈzɪst]
v.
存在
7
[ˈi:
vn]
adv.
甚至
8
[ˈhɑ:
mfl]
adj.
有害的
9
[daiaut]
灭绝
10
[ˈskelɪtn]
n.
骨骼
11
[ˈfʊtprɪnt]
n.
脚印
12
[ˈθɪŋkə(r)]
n.
思想家
13
[ɡri:
s]
n.
希腊
14
[æzsu:
næzˈpɔsəbl]
尽快
15
[dʒɑ:
(r)]
n.
坛子
16
[ˌəˈmju:
zməntpɑ:
k]
游乐场
17
[kriˈeɪt]
v.
创造
18
[ˈkærəktə(r)]
n.
人物
19
[waɪl]
conj.
同时
20
[kɔ:
z]
v.
使发生
21
[dɪˈzi:
z]
n.
疾病
22
[ˈgʌvənmənt]
n.
政府
23
[rɪˈpeə(r)]
v.
修理
24
[fi:
]
n.
费用
25
[ˈdʒɜ:
ni]
n.
长途旅行
【答案】1.Africa2.Europe3.fierce4.encyclopedia5.dinosaur6.exist7.even8.harmful
9.dieout10.skeleton11.footprint12.thinker13.Greece14.assoonaspossible15.jar
16.amusementpark17.create18.character19.while20.cause21.disease22.government
23.repair24.fee25.journey
Part3词汇复习
(1)8AU5词性转换整理
1
n.
非洲
n.
非洲人
adj.
非洲的
2
n.
欧洲
n.
欧洲人
adj.
欧洲的
3
n.
希腊
n.
希腊人
adj.
希腊人的
3
v.
伤害
n.
伤害
adj.
有害的
adj.
无害的
4
v.
创造
adj.
有创造力的
n.
创造
n.
创造力
5
adj.
真实的,实际上
adv.
实际上,事实上
v.
意识到;实现
6
v.
存在
n.
存在
【答案】1.AfricaAfrican2.EuropeEuropean3.GreeceGreek4.harmharmfulharmless5.create
creativecreationcreativity6.realreallyrealize7.existexistence
U5知识点梳理
根据中文写出相应的英文
1.thoughconj.虽然,尽管,即使
E.g.1)Ifeltverycold,________(虽然)Iwaswearingathickcoat.
2)__________(尽管)shewasinahurry,shestoppedtotalktome.
【答案】1)though2)Though
2.createv.创造,创建
E.g.1)SomepeoplebelieveGod__________(创造)theworld.
2)Whowasthe___________(创造者)oftheelectric?
3)Mybrotherisa___________(有创造力的)boybecauseheisalwaysmakessomestrangethings.
【答案】1)created2)creator3)creative
3.existv.存在
E.g.1)Theoldlady_________(生存)onlyoncoffeeandbread.
2)Suchanidea_________(存在于……之中)only__________themindsofpoets.
3)She__________(靠……生存)only__________milk.
【答案】1)exists2)exists,in3)existed,on
4.evenadv.甚至
E.g.1)___________(甚至)MrsSmithcouldnothelplaughing.
2)Thisdictionaryis__________________________(更有用)thanthatone.
3)Ihaveexplainedeverything,but_________(甚至)nowshedoesn’tunderstand.
【答案】1)Even2)evenmoreuseful3)even
5.harmfuladj.有害的harmlessadj.无害的
E.g.1)Thenewdrughasno___________(有害的)sideeffects.
2)Theirdogseemsfierce,buthe’s___________(无害的).
3)Theflood_____________________________________________(严重损坏)tothecrops.
【答案】1)harmful2)harmless3)didalotofharm
6.nobodypron.没有人
E.g.1)Therewas___________(没有人)athome.
2)____________(一点也没有)ofthefoodwasleft.
【答案】1)nobody2)None
7.whileconj.与……同时
E.g.1)Thetelephonerang___________(当……的时候)Iwashavingashower.
2)Ilistentotheradio___________(同时)I’meatingmybreakfast.
3)____________(当……时)hewaseating,Iaskedhimtolendme20yuan.
【答案】1)while2)while3)While
8.causev./n.引导,导致,原因
E.g.1)Thefire_____________________________(由……引起)acigaretteend.
2)Baddrivingisthe___________(原因)ofmostroadaccidents.
【答案】1)wascausedby2)cause
9.believev.相信
E.g.1)Longago,people__________(相信)thatEarthwasflat.
2)He____________________(相信)gettingplentyofexercise.
3)_____________________(相信我),youwillgetwellverysoon.
【答案】1)believed2)believesin3)Believeme
可数名词&不可数名词
语法重难点
1)规则变化
①一般名词后面加s
month-months,bird-birds
②以s,x,ch,sh结尾的名词,后面加es
class-classes,box-boxes,match-matches
③以o结尾的名词,有的加es(有生命的)
有的加s(无生命的)
hero-heroes,tomato-tomatoes,potato-potatoes
radio-radios,zoo-zoos,bamboo-bamboos,piano-pianos,photo-photos
④以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i再加es
city-cities,country-countries,party-parties,factory-factories
⑤以f或fe结尾的名词,变f或fe为v再加es
knife-knives,wolf-wolves,scarf-scarves
例外:
roof-roofs,chief-chiefs
2)不规则变化
单复数同形
sheep,fish,deer,Chinese,Japanese
变内部元音
man-men,tooth-teeth,mouse-mice,
foot-feet,goose-geese
其他形式
child-children
man与woman作定语修饰的名词改为复数时,两者都要改为复数
twowomendoctors,tenmendrivers
(1)单数变复数记忆口诀:
单数变为复数式,后加s统言之。
有些名词须注意,要加s先加e。
尾音/s,z,N/和/tN/,还有辅音加o时。
辅音加y变ie,f结尾改ve。
少数名词不规则,男女脚牙鹅孩子,日本绵羊中国鱼,特殊变化要硬记。
(2)巧记以o,f(fe)结尾的名词变复数两则
①Negroeseatpotatoes,heroeseattomatoes.黑人吃土豆,英雄吃番茄。
②Thewivesofthievescutthewolvesintohalveswithknives,andcoveredthemwithleavesbehindshelves.小偷的妻子用刀把狼宰成几半,然后用树叶将其盖在了书架后面。
(3)巧记各国人的单、复数变化口诀:
中日不变,英法a、e变,其他s加后边
不可数名词的量化表达法
不可数名词前面不能加不定冠词,也没有复数形式。
表示数量时,须在不可数名词前加量词。
a__________offurniture一件家具two__________ofbread两条面包
twobarsofchocolate两条巧克力four__________ofink四瓶墨水
sixtinsofmeat六听肉ajarofhoney一罐蜂蜜
【答案】pieceloavesbottles
名词的数量表达
只修饰可数名词
只修饰不可数名词
可数、不可数名词均可修饰
基数词
(a)few/fewer/toofew
(a)little/less/toolittle
all,enough,none,most
acoupleof,many
(not)toomany
much,toomuch,(not)toomuch
more,some,any,enough
hundredsof,thousandsof,
millionsof,billionsof,several
abitof,bitsof
alotof,lotsof,massesof
dozensof,scoresof
agreatdealof
plenty/piles/heapsof
a(great/large)numberof
manya,agreat/goodmany
alargeamountof,anamountof
large/hugeamountsof
largequantitiesof
alargequantityof
注意:
1.fish表示鱼肉时为不可数名词,表示几条鱼时复数为fish,表示几种鱼时复数为fishes。
Helpyourselvestosomefish,mychildren.
Thereareallkindsoffishesatthemarket.
2.有些名词只能用作复数,谓语动词也用复数形式。
如:
people,police,clothes,Chinese,Japanese。
其中有些如glasses,trousers,scissors可用量词来修饰,这时动词形式由量词的单复数来决定。
Thispairofglassescosts180yuan.
3.maths,news,physics等名词虽以-s结尾,却具有单数的含义。
Physicsisveryinteresting.
Thereisalotofgoodnewsintoday’snewspaper.
4.有些名词既可作可数名词又可作不可数名词。
(1)chicken鸡肉chickens小鸡
(2)exercise锻炼exercises练习
(3)chocolate巧克力块chocolates巧克力糖(4)__________时间__________次数)
(5)_________经验__________经历(6)__________木头__________树林
(7)glass玻璃glasses玻璃杯(8)__________纸__________试卷,论文
(9)_________空间__________房间(10)_________工作__________作品
答案】4)timetimes5)experienceexperiences6)woodwoods8)paperpapers
9)roomrooms10)workworks
Practice
I.Choosethebestanswer.(选择最恰当的答案)
1.-“Whatdoweneedforthesalad?
”-“Weneedtwoapplesandthree______.”()
A.orangeB.tomatoesC.fruitD.vegetables
2.—Ihave______ inlearningEnglishandI’msoworried.Couldyouhelpmewithit?
()
—Sure,I’dloveto.
A.joy B.interestC.trouble D.fun
3.It’s______abeautifulstamp.()
A.suchB.tooC.veryD.so
4.Letmegiveyou______.()
A.anadviceB.agoodpieceofadvice
C.someadvicesD.theadvice
5.NewZealandhastwoislands.OneisNorthIslandand______isSouthIsland.
A.anotherB.theotherC.othersD.theothers
6.—Howfarisitfromyourhometoschool?
—It’sabouttwenty______walk.()
A.minute’s B.minutes’ C.minutesD.minute
7.Itissaidthatthereusedtobe______fishintheriverinthepast.()
A.agreatmany B.hugeamountsof C.alittle D.much
8.Hedoesn’tknow______Englishbecausehehasstudieditforonly______weeks.()
A.much;afewB.little;fewC.few;littleD.afew;alittle
9.--Isthisyoursock?
--Yes,itis.Butwhereis______?
()
A.theothersB.theotheroneC.othersD.otherone
10.─Mrs.ZhangwassenttoteachEnglishinapoormountainvillagelastyear.
─Shesaidshewouldneverforgetsomepleasant______whileworkingthere.()
A.experiments B.expressions C.experiencesD.experience
11.I’dliketo______thewordinFrench.()
A.sayB.speakC.tellD.talk
12.Theradioistoonoisy.Wouldyouplease______alittle?
()
A.turnitoffB.turnitdownC.stopitfromD.pickitup
13.Hehas______forabouttwelveyears.()
A.boughtthehouseB.lefthere
C.live
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