高考英语 阅读理解系列训练19.docx
- 文档编号:28487019
- 上传时间:2023-07-14
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:14
- 大小:52.11KB
高考英语 阅读理解系列训练19.docx
《高考英语 阅读理解系列训练19.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《高考英语 阅读理解系列训练19.docx(14页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
高考英语阅读理解系列训练19
高考英语阅读理解系列训练(19)
第三部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
A
(2012·北京西城期末改编)
TrafficManagement
Trafficlightsarekeytoolsforregulatingtrafficflow.Theyarenot,however,perfect.Driverscomplainthetrafficjamsthatwouldhappenatunmanagedcrossingsforapatternofstopgomovementthatcanstillbeannoying,andwhichburnsmorefuelthanasmoothpassage.
Creatingsuchasmoothpassagemeansadjustingavehicle'sspeedsothatitalwaysarrivesatthelightswhentheyaregreen.Thatistheoreticallypossible,butpracticallyhard.Roadsidesignswiredtotrafficlightscanhelpgetthemessageacrossacouplehundredmetresfromacrossing,butsuchsignsareexpensive,andarenotwidespread.MargaretMartonosiandEmmanouilKoukoumidisatPrincetonUniversity,an
dLiShiuanPehattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,however,haveanideathatcouldmaketheprocesscheaperandmoreeffective.Insteadofahardwirednetworkofsigns,theyproposetousemobilephoneapplications.
Foradrivertobenefit,hemustloadtheteam'ssoftware,namedSignalGuru,intohisphoneandthenputitonaspecialthingattachedtotheinsideofhiscar'swindscreen,withthecameralens(镜头)pointingforward.SignalGuruisdesignedtodetecttrafficlightsandtracktheirstatusasred,yelloworgreen.Itbroadcaststhisinformationtootherphonesintheareathatarefittedwiththesamesoftware,and—ifthereareenoughofthem—thephonesthuseachknowthestatusofmostofthelightsaroundtown.Usingthisinformation,SignalGuruisabletocalculatethetrafficlightschedulefortheareaandsuggestthespeedatwhichadrivershouldtravelinordertoavoidredlights.
TestsinCambridge,Massachusetts,wherefivedriverswereaskedtofollowthesamerouteforthreehours,andinSingapore,whereeightdriverswereaskedtofollowoneoftworoutesfor30minutes,revealedthatSignalGuruwascapableofpredictingtrafficlightactivitywithanaccuracyof98.2%and96.3%respectively,inthetwocities.Thiswas
particularlyimpressivebecauseinCambridgethelightsshifted,roughlyhalfwaythroughthetest,fromtheirunbusyscheduletotheirafternoontrafficschedule,whileinSingaporelightsareadaptive,usingdetectorsfixedundertheroadtodeterminehowmuchtrafficispresentandthuswhenasignalshouldchange.InneithercasewasSignalGurufooled.
Fuelconsumptionfell,too—byabout20%.SignalGuruthusreducesbothannoyanceandfueluse,andmakesgoingbackandforthtoworkaslightlylesshorribleexperience.
56.Roadsidesignswiredtotrafficlightsarenotthebestwaytocreateasmoothpassagebecause______.
A.theyareexpensiveandeasilybreak
B.theyaretoocostlyandnotwidelyused
C.theyarecomplexandconfusingtodrivers
D.theyaretheoreticallypossiblebutpracticallyuseless
57.SignalGuruisanapplicationusedon______.
A.acameraB.acomputer
C.amobilephoneD.aGPSsysteminone'scar
58.Withtheinformationitcollectsandprocesses,SignalGuruisableto______.
A.helpdriversavoidtrafficaccidentsB.helpdriverstoadjusttheirspeed
C.changethetrafficlightsinadvanceD.sendinformationtoallcellphones
59.ThetestsinCambridgeandSignaporewereimpressivebecauseSignalGuru______.
A.provedtobeunreliableB.operatedatahighspeed
C.functionedratherstablyD.understooddrivers'schedules
56.B 根据文章第二段第三句中的“...butsuchsignsareexpensive,andarenotwidespread.”可知应选B项。
57.C 根据第三段第一句中的“Foradrivertobenefit,hemustloadtheteam'ssoftware,namedSignalGuru,intohisphone...”可知,SignalGuru是一种安装在手机里的应用软件,故选C项。
58.B 根据第三段的最后一句“Usingthisinformation,SignalGuruisabletocalculatethetrafficlightschedulefortheareaandsuggestthespeedatwhichadrivershouldtravelinordertoavoidredlights.”可知,SignalGuru可以帮助司机调整车速,避免等红灯。
59.C 根据第四段中的“ThiswasparticularlyimpressivebecauseinCambridge...InneithercasewasSignalGurufooled.”可知,在这两个试验中,虽然各有干扰因素,但是SignalGuru运作相当稳定,并未受到“愚弄”,因此选C项。
********************************************************结束
(2012·陕西师大附中月考)
Increasingly,Americansarebecomingtheirowndoctors,bygoingonlinetodiagnosetheirsymptoms,orderhomehealthtestsormedicaldevices,orevenselftreattheirillnesseswithdrugsfromInternetpharmacies(药店).Someavoiddoctorsbecauseofthehighcostofmedicalcare,especiallyiftheylackhealthinsurance.Ortheymaystaybecausetheyfinditembarrassingtodiscusstheirweight,alcoholconsumptionorcouchpotatohabits.Patientsmayalsofearwhattheymightlearnabouttheirhealth,ortheydistrustphysiciansbecauseofnegativeexperiencesinthepast.Butplayingdoctorcanalsobeadeadlygame.
Everyday,morethansixmillionAmericansturntotheInternetformedicalanswers—mostofthemaren'tnearlyskepticalenoughofwhattheyfind.A2002surveybythePewInternet&AmericanLifeProjectfoundthat72percentofthosesurveyedbelieveallormostofwhattheyreadonhealthwebsites.Theyshouldn't.Lookup“headache”,andthechancesoffindingreliableandcompleteinformation,freefromamotivationforcommercialgain,areonlyoneinten,reportsanApril2005BrownMedicalSchoolstudy.Ofthe169websitestheresearchersrated,only16scoredas“highquality”.Recentstudiesfoundfaultyfactsaboutallsortsofotherdisorders,causingoneresearchteamtowarnthatalargeamountofincomplete,inaccurateandevendangerousinformationexistsontheInternet.
Theproblemisthatmostpeopledon'tknowthesafewaytosurftheWeb.“TheyuseasearchenginelikeGoogle,get18trillionchoicesandstartclicking.Butthat'srisky.Becausealmostanybodycanputupasitethatlooksauthoritative(权威的),it'shardtoknowwhetherwhatyou'rereadingisreasonableornot,”saysDr.SarahBassfromtheNationalCancerInstitute.
60.Accordingtothetext,anincreasingnumberofAmericans______.
A.aresufferingfrommentaldisordersB.turntoInternetforhelp
C.liketoplaydeadlygameswithdoctorsD.areskepticalaboutsurfingmedicalwebsites
61.AccordingtothestudyofBrownMedicalSchool,______.
A.morethan6millionAmericansdistrustdoctors
B.only1/10ofmedicalwebsitesaimtomakeaprofit
C.about1/10ofthewebsitessurveyedareofhighquality
D.72%ofhealthwebsitesofferincompleteandfaultyinformation
62.Whichofthefollowingistheauthor'smainargument?
A.It'scheaptoselftreatyourownillness.
B.It'sembarrassingtodiscussyourbadhabits.
C.It'sreasonabletoputupamedicalwebsite.
D.It'sdangeroustobeyourowndoctor.
63.AccordingtoDr.SarahBass,whatistheproblemwiththepeopleturningtotheInternetformedicalhelp?
A.Theyhavenoideawhatsearchenginesaresafe.
B.Theyalwaysclicktoomanyauthoritativesites.
C.TheyareeagertoapplywhattheyreadontheNet.
D.Theydon'tknowhowtogetsafeinformationwhilesurfingtheInternet.
60.B 由全文第一句“Increasingly,Americansarebecomingtheirowndoctors,bygoingonlinetodiagnosetheirsymptoms...”可知答案为B项。
61.C 由第二段中的“Ofthe169websitestheresearchersrated,only16scoredas‘highquality’.”可知,169家保健网站,只有16家安全可靠,即占约1/10。
故答案为C项。
62.D 文章首先谈到越来越多的美国人生病不再去看医生,而通过上网买药治病,自己当医生;下文又讲到网上的信息并不安全可靠,许多网站存在不完整、不准确,甚至是危险的信息。
故作者认为自己诊治自己的做法是危险的。
63.D 由最后一段内容尤其是第一句可知Dr.SarahBass认为多数人并不知道如何在网上得到安全可靠的信息。
***********************************************************结束
(2012·山西山大附中月考)
AwardwinningauthorEmmaDonoghue'slatestbook,Room,isauniqueandamazingstoryaboutaboy'sexperiencelivinginasmall,windowlessroomwithhismother.The11squarefootspacebetweenthewallsoftheroomisactuallyalltheboyknowsbecausehewasbornthereandhasneverleft.Roomwillhorrify,surprise,sadden,andfinallydelightyou.Attractedfromthestart,readersofallsortswon'twanttoputRoomdown.
◆FirstpublishedintheU.S.inSeptember2010
◆Publisher:
LittleBrown
◆321pages
LiterarymasterIanMcEwanreturnswithSolar,anovelaboutaNobelPrizewinningphysicist.Thephysicist'spersonallifeisinamessashisfifthmarriagebreaksup,butthistimeheactuallyloveshiswifeandwantstomakethingsbetter.Solarisafunnystory,completelyunusualandasgoodasanythingthewriterhaseverwritten.
◆PublishedinMarch2010
◆Publisher:
KnopfDoubleday
◆304pages
OneDaybyDavidNichollswasaninternationalbestsellerbeforeitwasreleasedintheU.S.inJune.Althoughitiswellwrittenandfunnyattimes,don'tbefooled—thisisn'taromanticcomedy.Ifyoudecidetoreadit,bepreparedforsomeheavymoments.
◆PublishedintheU.S.inJune2010
◆Publisher:
VintageContemporaries
◆437pages
FallofGiantsbyKenFollettisthefirstbookinanewtrilogy(threebooks)thatwilltakereadersthroughthemajoreventsofthetwentiethcenturybyfollowingfivefamilies.InFallofGiants,mostoftheactioncentersonWorldWarⅠandtheBolshevikRevolution.AlthoughFallofGiantsismorethan1,000pagesandhasmanycharacters,thestoryisremarkablyconnected.
◆PublishedinSeptember2010
◆Publisher:
Dutton
◆1008pages
64.Accordingtothetext,thelatestandlongestnovelis______.
A.RoomB.SolarC.OneDayD.FallofGiants
65.Wecanknowfromthetextthat______.
A.themaincharacterofRoomhasawiderangeofknowledge
B.SolaristheonlybookthatIanMcEwanhaseverwritten
C.allthefourbookswerenotpublishedinthesamemonth
D.OneDayisafunnyromanticcomedythatsellsverywell
66.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?
A.IanMcEwan'sfifthmarriagebrokeup.
B.RoombyEmmaDonoghuehasahappyending.
C.ThepublisherofOneDayisLittleBrown.
D.DuttonandKenFollettarebothpublishers.
64.D 根据四本书的出版时间和页数可知选D项。
65.C 根据四本书的出版时间可知,一本在3月出版,一本是在6月出版,还有两本在9月出版,故C项正确。
66.B 从第一段的“...finallydelightyou.”可知,Room这本书有一个愉快的结局。
***************************
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 高考英语 阅读理解系列训练19 高考 英语 阅读 理解 系列 训练 19