考研英语阅读理解模拟题及答案医学类.docx

考研英语阅读理解模拟题及答案医学类.docx

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考研英语阅读理解模拟题及答案医学类

考研英语阅读理解模拟题及答案医学类

考研英语阅读理解模拟题及答案医学类

ValetaYoung，81，aretireefromLodi，Calif.，suffersfromcongestiveheartfailureandrequiresalmostconstantmonitoring.Butshedoesn＇thavetodriveanywheretogetit.Twiceadayshestepsontoaspecialelectronicscale，answersafewyesornoquestionsviapushbuttonsonasmallattachedmonitorandpressesabuttonthatsendstheinformationtoanurse＇sstationinSanAntonio，Texas.“It＇salmostadirectlinktomydoctor，”saysYoung，whodescribesherselfasputerilliteratebutsaysshehasnoproblemsusingtheequipment.

Youngisnottheonlypatientwhoisdealingwithherdoctorfromadistance.Remotemonitoringisarapidlygrowingfieldinmedicaltechnology，withmorethan25firmspetingtomeasureremotely——andtransmitbyphone，Internetorthroughtheairwaves——everythingfrompatients＇heartratestohowoftentheycough.

Promptedbothbytheriseinhealth-carecostsandtheincreasingputerizationofhealth-careequipment，doctorsareusingremotemonitoringtotrackawideningvarietyofchronicdiseases.InMarch，St.FrancisUniversityinPittsburgh，Pa.，partneredwithapanycalledBodyMediaonastudyinwhichruraldiabetespatientsusewirelessglucosemetersandarmbandsensorstomonitortheirdisease.Andlastfall，Yahoobeganofferingsubscriberstheabilitytocharttheirasthmaconditionsonline，usingaPDA-sizerespiratorymonitorthatmeasureslungfunctionsinrealtimeande-mailsthedatadirectlytodoctors.

Suchhomemonitoring，saysDr.GeorgeDailey，aphysicianattheScrippsClinicinSanDiego，“couldsomedayreplacelessproductivewaysthatpatientstrackchangesintheirheartrate，bloodsugar，lipidlevels，kidneyfunctionsandevenvision.”

Dr.TimothyMoore，executivevicepresidentofAlereMedical，whichproducesthesmartscalesthatYoungandmorethan10，000otherpatientsareusing，saysthatalmostanyvitalsigncould，intheory，bemonitoredfromhome.But，hewarns，thatmightnotalwaysmakegoodmedicalsense.Headvisesagainstperformingelectrocardiogramsremotely，forexample，andalthoughheacknowledgesthatremotemonitoringofblood-sugarlevelsanddiabeticulcersontheskinmayhaverealvalue，hepointsoutthattherearenotrulyindependentstudiesthatestablishthevalueofhometestingfordiabetesorasthma.

Suchstudiesareneededbecausethetechnologyisstillinitsinfancyandmedicalexpertsaredividedaboutitsvalue.Butononethingtheyallagree：

youshouldneverrelyonanyremotetestingsystemwithoutclearingitwithyourdoctor.

注

（1）：

本文选自Time;8/9/2004，p101-101，1/2p，2c;

注

（2）：

本文习题命题模仿对象2004年真题text1;

1.HowdoesYoungmonitorherhealthconditions?

[A]Bysteppingonanelectronicscale.

[B]Byansweringafewyesornoquestions.

[C]Byusingremotemonitoringservice.

[D]Byestablishingadirectlinktoherdoctor.

2.Whichofthefollowingisnotusedinremotemonitoring?

[A]car

[B]telephone

[C]Internet

[D]theairwaves

3.Theword“prompted”（Line1，Paragraph3）mostprobablymeans________.

[A]made

[B]reminded

[C]aroused

[D]driven

4.WhyisDr.TimothyMooreagainstperformingelectrocardiogramsremotely?

[A]Becauseitisalessproductivewayofmonitoring.

[B]Becauseitdoesn‘tmakegoodmedicalsense.

[C]Becauseit‘svaluehasnotbeenprovedbyscientificstudy

[D]Becauseitisnotallowedbydoctors

5.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothetext?

[A]Computerilliterateisadvisednottouseremotemonitoring.

[B]Thedevelopmentofremotemonitoringmarketisrathersluggish.

[C]Remotemonitoringismainlyusedtotrackchronicdiseases.

[D]Medicalexpertsagreeonthevalueofremotemonitoring.

答案：

CADBCDr.WiseYounghasnevermetthehundredsofthousandsofpeoplehehashelpedinthepast10years，andmostofthemhaveneverheardofWiseYoung.Iftheydidmeethim，however，they＇dwanttoshakehishand——andtheremarkablethingaboutthatwouldbethesimplefactthatsomanyofthemcould.AllthepeopleYounghashelpedwerevictimsofspinalinjuries，andtheyowemuchofthemobilitytheyhavetodaytohislandmarkwork.

Young，51，headoftheW.M.KeckCenterforCollaborativeNeuroscienceatRutgersUniversityinNewBrunswick，N.J.，wasbornonNewYear＇sDayattheprecisemidpointofthe20thcentury.Backthen，thethinkingaboutspinal-cordinjurywasstraightforward：

Whenacordisdamaged，it＇sdamaged.There＇snothingthatcanbedoneafteraninjurytorestorethefunctionthatwassosuddenlylost.AsamedicalstudentatStanfordUniversityandaneurosurgeonatNewYorkUniversityMedicalCenter，Youngneverhadmuchreasontoquestionthatreceivedwisdom，butin1980hebegantohavehisdoubts.Spinalcords，heknew，experienceprogressivedamageafterthey＇reinjured，includingswellingandinflammation，whichmayworsentheconditionofthealreadydamagedtissue.Ifthatsecondaryinsultcouldberelievedwithdrugs，mightsomefunctionbepreserved?

Youngspentadecadelookingintothequestion，andin1990heco-ledalandmarkstudyshowingthatwhenhighdosesofasteroidknownasmethylprednisoloneareadministeredwithineighthoursofaninjury，about20%offunctioncanbesaved.Twentypercentishardlyeverything，butitcanoftenbethedifferencebetweenbreathingunassistedorrelyingonarespirator，walkingorspendingone＇slifeinawheelchair.“Thisdiscoveryledtoarevolutioninneuroprotectivetherapy，”Youngsays.

Aglobalrevolution，actually.Morethan50，000peoplearoundtheworldsufferspinalinjurieseachyear，andthesedays，methylprednisoloneisthestandardtreatmentintheU.S.andmanyothercountries.ButYoungisstillnotsatisfied.Thedrugisanelixirforpeoplewhoarenewlyinjured，butthereliefitoffersisonlypartial，andmanyspinal-injuryvictimswerehurtbeforeitbecameavailable.Young＇sdreamistohelpthosepeopletoo——torestorefunctionalreadylost——andtothatendheisstudyingdrugsandgrowthfactorsthatcouldimproveconductionindamagednervesorevenprodthedevelopmentofnewones.Toensurethatalltheneuralresearchersaroundtheworldpulltogether，hehascreatedtheInternationalNeurotraumaSociety，foundedtheJournalofNeuralTraumaandestablishedawebsite（carecure.rutgers.edu）thatreceivesthousandsofhitseachday.

“Thecureforspinalinjuryisgoingtobeabinationoftherapies，”Youngsays.“It＇sthemostcollaborativefieldIknow.”Perhaps.Butincreasinglyitseemsthatifthecollaboratorshadafieldgeneral，hisnamewouldbeWiseYoung.

注

（1）：

本文选自Time;8/20/2001，p54;

注

（2）：

本文习题命题模仿对象2004年真题text3;

1.By“theremarkablethingaboutthatwouldbethesimplefactthatsomanyofthemcould”（Linethree，Paragraph1），theauthormeans_______________.

[A]Theremarkablethingisactuallythesimplefact.

[B]Manypeoplecoulddotheremarkablethings.

[C]Whenmeetinghim，manypeoplecoulddothesimplebutremarkablething.

[D]Theremarkablethingliesinthesimplefactthatsomanypeoplecouldshakehandswithhim.

2.Howdidpeoplethinkofthespinal-cordinjuryatthemiddleof20thcentury?

[A]pessimistic

[B]optimistic

[C]confused

[D]carefree

3.Bysaying“Twentypercentishardlyeverything”（Line3，Paragraph3），theauthoristalkingabout_____________.

[A]thedrug

[B]thefunctionoftheinjuredbody

[C]thefunctionofthedrug

[D]theinjury

4.WhywasYoungunsatisfiedwithhisachievement?

[A]Thedrugcannothelpthepeoplewhohadspinalinjuryinthepast.

[B]Histreatmentisstandard.

[C]Thedrugonlyoffershelptoasmallnumberofpeople.

[D]Thedrugonlytreatssomepartsoftheinjury.

5.Towhichofthefollowingstatementsistheauthorlikelytoagree?

[A]WiseYoungdoesnotmeetmanypeople.

[B]WhenYoungwasyoung，hedidnothavemuchreasontoaskquestions.

[C]Ifthereneedsaheadofthespinal-injuredfield，Youngmightbetherightperson.

[D]Young‘sdreamisonlytohelpthepersonswhowereinjuredatearlytimes.

答案：

DABACScientistshaveknownformorethantwodecadesthatcancerisadiseaseofthegenes.SomethingscramblestheDnainsideanucleus，andsuddenly，insteadofdividinginameasuredfashion，acellbeginstocopyitselffuriously.Unlikeanordinarycell，itneverstops.Butdescribingtheprocessisn＇tthesameasfiguringitout.Cancercellsaresoradicallydifferentfromnormalonesthatit＇salmostimpossibletountanglethesequenceofeventsthatmadethemthatway.Soforyearsresearchershavebeenattackingtheproblembytakingnormalcellsandtryingtodeterminewhatchangeswillturnthemcancerous——alwayswithoutsuccess.

Untilnow.AccordingtoareportinthecurrentissueofNature，ateamofscientistsbasedatM.I.T.＇sWhiteheadInstituteforBiomedicalResearchhasfinallymanagedtomakehumancellsmalignant——afeattheyplishedwithtwodifferentcelltypesbyinsertingjustthreealteredgenesintotheirDNA.Whilethesemanipulationsweredoneonlyinlabdishesandwon＇tleadtoanyimmediatetreatment，theyappeartobeacrucialstepinunderstandingthedisease.Thisisa“landmarkpaper，”wroteJonathanWeitzmanandMosheYanivofthePasteurInstituteinParis，inanpanyingmentary.

Thedramaticnewresulttracesbacktoabreakthroughin1983，whentheWhitehead＇sRobertWeinbergandcolleaguesshowedthatmousecellswouldecancerouswhenspikedwithtwoalteredgenes.Butwhentheytriedsuchalterationsonhumancells，theydidn＇twork.Sincethen，scientistshavelearnedthatmousecellsdifferfromhumancellsinanimportantrespect：

theyhavehigherlevelsofanenzymecalledtelomerase.Thatenzymekeepscaplikestructures