北京市适应性测试及答案.docx
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北京市适应性测试及答案.docx
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北京市适应性测试及答案
2020年北京市高考适应性测试
本试卷共12页,共120分。
考试时长100分钟。
考生务必将答案答在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。
考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分:
知识运用(共两节,45分)
第一节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分)
阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。
在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
Mrs.Baileywasimportantintheeducationaljourneythatcarriedmethroughschoolandintomyprofession.UntilIjoinedherclass,Ihadn’tbelievedinmyabilityasawriter.She1(persuade)metojointhepoetrysocietyandlitinmeafireforliterature.Sherecognised2(I)potentialandshowedmethatIcouldwritewithcreativityandenthusiasm.Becauseoftheconfidencesheinspiredinme,I’vecarvedouta3(success)professionasajournalist.
B
Someuniversitystudentscarriedoutacampaign4theycelebratedtheirwholedaywithoutcellphones.Thismovewastoimprovetheirrelationshipswiththeirnearanddearonesandtokeepthemawayfromthevirtual(虚拟的)life.5(study)indicatethatamajorityofyoungpeopleusedtheirphonesduringlessons,overfamilymealsorevenatthecinema.Theproblemofphoneaddiction(成瘾)hasbeenobservedsinceafewyearsago,withexpertsandpsychologists6(try)toincreaseawarenessaboutthisproblem.
C
Thetigershark7(consider)tobeoneofthemostdangeroussharksintheworld.Whyaretigersharkssodangerous?
First,theyliketolive8waterswherehumansusuallyswim,sothechancesofanencounter(遭遇)aremuchgreater.Second,tigersharksaresostrongandaggressivethattheycan9(easy)hitaperson.Andthird,tigersharkshaveteethperfectly10(design)forcuttingtheirfood,soitiscertainthatthedamagewillbedisastrous.
第二节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,共30分)
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Afelwasonlyaverysmallboywhenhefirstsawsnowinapicturebook.Ithadlotsofpicturesofchildren11inbigwhitefields.Heasked,“Mum,whatarethosewhitefields?
”Hismotherlaughed,“That’ssnow,andtheyaremakingasnowman!
”Shetriedto12whatsnowwas.Afeldidn’treally13becausetherewasnorealsnowwherehelived.Butheshowedgreat14.
Onedaywhenhewas12,AfelwaswatchingaprogrammeonTVathisuncle’shouse.Theprogrammewasfullofsnow.Andnotonlysnow—therewerepeople15acrossthesnow.Theylookedlikefantasticbirds.Theyhadhatscoveringalltheirheadsandbiggogglesovertheireyes.Andontheirfeet,theyhad16shoes.
“Whatarethose?
”heaskedhisuncle17.“Skis,”repliedhisuncle.“Andthosepeoplearecalledskiers.”Atthatmoment,he18tobeaskier.Heaskedhisunclewhattheprogrammewas.“TheWinterOlympics,”saidhisuncle.“It’slikethenormalOlympics,butfor19whereyouneedsnow—skijumping,bobsleigh(长橇),thosesortsofthings.They20iteveryfouryears.”
AfelfoundoutthatthenextWinterOlympicswouldbeinBeijing,in2022.“Perfect,”hethought.“Enough21formetobecomeabrilliantskier.”
“Butthere’snosnowhere!
”peopletoldhim.“Whereareyougoingtoski?
”Afel22them.Hemadehimselfapairofskisfromtwopiecesofwood.Hetiedthemtohisfeetandpractisedskiing23twosticksinhishands.Hepractisedagainandagainuntilhecould24quitequicklyacrossthesand.He25toflydownthehillslikethepeopleonTV,buthecouldn’t.
“Nevermind,”hethought.“It’sa26…”
“HowwillyougototheOlympics?
”peopleaskedhim.“Ourcountrydoesn’t27haveateamthatgoestotheWinterOlympics.WehavegoodrunnersandwinlotsofmedalsattheOlympics.Butnoskiing,no.”Afeldidn’t28.
Soeverynight,outinthemiddleofthedesert,Afelnowpractisesskiingdownsandhills.He29thattheyellowsandandbrownearthareasgoldasthemedal
hewillbringhomewithhim,whenheisthe30.
11.A.drawingB.playingC.dancingD.hiking
12.A.announceB.stressC.concludeD.explain
13.A.mindB.respondC.understandD.regret
14.A.interestB.concernC.patienceD.confidence
15.A.walkingB.ridingC.runningD.flying
16.A.strongB.strangeC.fashionableD.comfortable
17.A.politelyB.hopefullyC.excitedlyD.nervously
18.A.promisedB.claimedC.agreedD.decided
19.A.projectsB.fieldsC.sportsD.courses
20.A.gainB.haveC.acceptD.mark
21.A.timeB.energyC.experienceD.determination
22.A.avoidedB.ignoredC.correctedD.criticized
23.A.pushingB.pullingC.holdingD.waving
24.A.rollB.marchC.jumpD.move
25.A.neededB.preparedC.pretendedD.attempted
26.A.startB.chanceC.solutionD.strategy
27.A.evenB.oftenC.shortlyD.finally
28.A.refuseB.inquireC.careD.complain
29.A.dreamsB.predictsC.assumesD.realizes
30.A.authorityB.championC.geniusD.celebrity
第二部分:
阅读理解(共两节,40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,共30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Ifyou’relookingtobuyagiftforyourchildren,whynotkeepupwiththetrendandgetthebesthoverboard?
WhatisaHoverboard?
Ahoverboardisatwo-wheeledpersonaltransportationdevice.It’selectrical,portableandbecamehighlypopularin2015inreferencetoapopular1980’smovie.Typically,thisself-balancingdeviceoperateslikeapoweredskateboard.
HowDoesaHoverboardWork?
Thedevicemayhavemanydesigns,butthemechanismitselfisn’tcomplicated.Basically,astandardhoverboardcontains:
•-Battery:
storestheelectricalpower.Almostallhoverboardsuseahigh-wattlithium-ionbattery.
•-Gyroscope(oneforeachwheel):
allowsriderstotilt(倾斜)thehoverboardwhilemaintainingbalanceandadjustingtheirdirection.
•-Motor(oneineachwheel):
providesthepowertothewheelstokeeptheriderbalancedandupright.
•-Logicboard:
functionsasthehoverboardbrain.Itprocessesdata—yourspeed,tilt,etc.—andsendsinformationtothemotors.Thisunitcontrolsthepoweroftheboardsoriderscanadjusttheirspeed.
Alltheabovecomponentsworktogethertocontrolthepowerandtiltofthehoverboardssotheriderisbalanced,uprightandmovingatacontrolledspeed.
WhyBuyaHoverboard?
Undoubtedly,hoverboardsarecool.You’veprobablyseenkidsridingonearoundthehouse.They’reaphenomenonandeverybodywantsin.So,whydenyyourkidsandpreventthemfrombeingpartofthistrend?
Whereisahoverboardlegal?
Despitetheirwildpopularity,hoverboardshaveyettobecome“street-legal”.Currently,someplacesprohibitanyoneunder16fromusingthesedevices,andhoverboardsarebannedinacademicinstitutionsandpublicplaces,likecampusbuildings,parks,shoppingmallsandsubwaystations.Someplaceshavealsoputspeedlimitsonthedevicesandrestrictedtheirusetobikepaths.However,openareas—includingyouryard—arefreeoftheserestrictions.
31.Thelogicboardofahoverboardcan______.
A.storeelectricityB.powerthewheels
C.sendinformationtotheridersD.receivedataandgivecommand
32.Accordingtothepassage,ahoverboardcanbeused______.
A.oncampusB.inparksC.onbikepathsD.inshoppingmalls
33.Whatisthemainpurposeofthispassage?
A.Toevaluateagift’squality.B.Torecommendagiftchoice.
C.Tocomparenewhoverboardmodels.D.Toclarifyfunctionsofthelatesthoverboards.
B
Growingup,DekaIsmailsayssheletlabelsdefinewhatshecouldbe.“Iwasablackgirl,fromarefugee(难民)family,”Dekasaid.“ItwasasifIwasonlyallowedtoexploreinthispredeterminedbox.”
Afterahighschoolchemistryclassinspiredhertothinkaboutacareerinscienceandgaveherconfidenceinthefield,Dekalearnedtoliveoutsidelabelsandbeganmakingbigplansforherfuture.NowsheisabouttobeginherfreshmanyearattheUniversityofCalifornia,planningtobecomeaprofessor.
BornandraisedinSanDiego’sCityHeightsneighbourhood,DekaisthedaughterofaSomalirefugeecouple.WhilesomemightsayDeka’ssuccesshappenedinspiteofherbackground,shewouldsaydifferently,thatherexperiencesshapedherandinspiredhertobethedriven,youngscientistthatsheistoday.
WhenDekawaseightyearsold,hermothergotajobbystudyinghardbackinschoolinordertosupportthewholefamily.ThatmadeDekarealizethateducationcouldmakeadifferencetoone’slife.Shespentalotoftimeinthelibraryreadingbooks,anddidn’tdomanyofthethingsherpeersdid,likepartyingorhavingromanticrelationships.
“IalwaysfeltlikeIhadtobetheperfectgirlformyfamily,”Dekasaid.“Youhavetonotevendoyourbestbuttwotimesbetterthaneveryoneelse.Ifeltlikethewholeworldwaswaitingformetomessup.”
Deka’seffortspaidoff.Thesummerbeforehersenioryearofhighschool,shewasacceptedtotheAmericanChemicalSocietyProjectSEEDProgramme.“Shebroughtbothenthusiasmandfocus,”Botham,aresearcheratthisresearchinstitute,recalled.“Shearrivedeverydayreadytowork,readytolearnandreadytotacklenewchallengesregardlessofwhetherornotshehaddoneanythingsimilar.”
Whenaskedwhatadviceshewouldgivetootherslikeher,Dekawarnedthemnottounderestimatethemselves.“Don’ttellyourselfthatscholarshipistoobigorthisprogrammeistoocompetitiveorI’llnevergetintothisschool,”shesaid.“IwasnotsurewhetherIcouldmakeituntilIstartedseeingtheacceptancelettersrollingin.”
34.Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthat______.
A.DekawasadoptedbyarefugeefamilyB.Dekaspentalotoftimegoingtoparties
C.DekabecameaprofessoraftergraduationD.Deka’sexperiencesdrovehertoworkhard
35.Dekarealizedtheimportanceofeducation______.
A.fromhermother’sexperienceB.afterherchemistryclass
C.byreadingbooksinthelibraryD.throughworkingattheinstitute
36.Accordingtothelastparagraph,Dekaadvisedthatstudentsbe______.
A.patientB.confidentC.ambitiousD.generous
37.Whatdoesthestoryintendtotellus?
A.Lifeisnotallroses.B.Practicemakesperfect.
C.Wellbegunishalfdone.D.Hardw
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