完型填空解题技巧教学案.docx
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完型填空解题技巧教学案.docx
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完型填空解题技巧教学案
学案一:
完型填空解题技巧
班级_________________姓名______________________
使用时间:
20XX年8月6日—8月11日共7课时
复习内容:
完型填空解题技巧
教学目标和要求:
掌握完形填空解题技巧
教学重点:
技巧归纳与突破
教学方法:
讲练结合
教学过程:
一、高考回放(2012高考)
完形填空(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
Weallknowthatsomethingsareobviouslyright.Forexample,itisrighttobe___1___tootherpeople.Itisalsorighttolookaftertheenvironment.Somethingsare___2___wrong,too.Forinstance,weshouldnothurtorbully(欺负)others,norshouldwelitter.Rulesoftentelluswhatisrightorwrong.
Rulescanhelpthepublicmaketheright___3___,andremainsafe.Cardivershavetoobeytrafficregulationsthattellthemtherightthingstodoontheroadtoavoidcrashes.Cyclistswhogivesignalsbeforeturningorstoppinghelpprevent___4___.
Ifpeoplefollowruleswithouttakingothermattersintoconsideration,itwillbe___5___forthemtoformwhatissometimescalleda“blackandwhite”view.Forexample,theymaybelievethatpeopleshouldalwaystellthetruth,andthatlyingis___6___acceptable.Suchpeoplealwayssticktotheirviews,evenifitmeansthattheymaygetinto___7___.
Sometimesitmaynotbesoeasytoknow___8___whatisrightorwrong.Somepeoplechoosenottoeatmeatbecausetheybelievethatitis___9___toeatanimals,butotherarguethattheycaneatmeatand___10___bekindtoanimals;someinsistthatstealingisalwayswrong,butothersthinkthatonedoesnotneedtofeelso___11___whenstealingsomefoodtoeat,ifhelivesinareallypoorareaandheis___12___.
Ruleshelpuslivetogetherinharmony,becausetheyshowustherightwayto___13___others.However,somepeoplearguethatrulesmaybe___14___,havingobservedthatruleschangeallthetime,andthatsomeschoolshavesomeregulationsandothershavedifferentones—sowhoisto___15___whatisright?
1.A.kindB.sensitiveC.fairD.generous
2.A.equallyB.slightlyC.clearlyD.increasingly
3.A.suggestionsB.conclusionsC.turnsD.choices
4.A.accidentsBmistakesC.fallsD.deaths
5.A.interestingB.vitalC.easyD.valuable
6.A.seldomB.rarelyC.merelyD.never
7.A.troubleB.powerC.prisonD.control
8.A.roughlyB.eventuallyC.deliberatelyD.exactly
9.A.awfulB.cruelC.unhealthyD.unnecessary
10.A.stillB.evenC.laterD.somehow
11.A.nervousB.anxiousC.afraidD.guilty
12.A.beggingB.stavingC.growingD.wandering
13.A.followB.instructC.treatD.protect
14.A.disgustingB.confusingC.unsafeD.unimportant
15.A.predictB.explainC.decideD.consider
思考:
你理解文章的大意吗?
你是如何确定选项的?
二、命题探究
Ⅰ.考纲要求
考纲把完形填空归于英语语言知识应用题,主要考查考生对语篇意义的理解,对上下文关系的把握。
突出语篇、强调运用、注重交际的原则,强调对学生综合运用能力的考查以及语言知识的积累和复习。
具体要求:
在一篇200-250词的短文中留出15个空(20XX年起由原来的10空增加到15空),要求考生从每小题所给的4个选项中选出最佳选项,使补足后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。
Ⅱ.近三年广东高考英语完形填空的考点设置和内容:
年份
体裁
题材
主要内容
短文长度
2009
记叙文
名人轶事
诺贝尔奖的设立
173词
2010
说明文
文化习俗
门的不同功能和作用
217词
2011
议论文
社会现象
快班的利与弊
237词
2012
说明文
规章条例
遵循规章条例的好处
304词
年度
2009
2010
2011
2012
考点设置
名词
3
1
4
3
动词
4
3
2
3
形容词
2
4
7
5
副词
1
2
2
4
Ⅲ.命题走向
(1)文章趋向长,多为夹叙夹议文章,避免专业性太强的文章。
(2)长句增多,句式灵活,结构复杂。
(3)语篇理解题目增多,逻辑要求提高。
三、考点精讲
Ⅰ.完形填空解题步骤:
1.通读全文,理解大意。
重视首句信息,应用阅读技能,进行缺词阅读,从整体上感知全文,
理解文章大意,这是解题的基础。
2.瞻前顾后,避难就易。
在理解文章大意的情况下,结合各选项的意义和用法,遵循先易
后难的原则,先解决那些自己有把握的问题。
对少数难题,暂时跳过,或许难题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示。
3.复读全文,解决难题。
借助已补全的空格,以及对全文的理解,对语境和语义还不太明
朗的空格反复推敲,力争突破难点。
4.通读全文,检查核对。
全部做好后,务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容以确保
全文文意连贯。
Ⅱ.从广东高考试题看完型填空技巧的应用:
1.根据上下文,前后语境,进行逻辑推理
(1)Theschooldecidedthatwhenthedriveropenedboththefrontandbackdoors,__27__whoweregettingoffthebusshouldgetofffirst,andstudentswhoweregettingonshouldgeton__28__.(10广东)
27.A.parentsB.studentsC.teachersD.drivers
28.A.soonerB.laterC.fasterD.earlier
(2)Everycountryhasitsownculture.Eventhougheachcountryusesdoors.Doorsmanyhavedifferentfunctionsandpurposeswhichleadto__22__differences.(10广东)
22.A.nationalB.embarrassingC.culturalD.amazing
【技能训练】
(1)Iobservedanumberof__6__childrenwhoweretakenoutofaspecialclassandplacedina__7__class.Inthespecialclass,theyshowedlittleabilitytousetheirownjudgment,relying__8__ontheirteachers’directions.Intheregularclass,havingnoworryaboutkeepingup,theybegantoreflect__9__onmanyproblems,someofwhichwerenotontheschoolprogram.(11广东)
6.A.intelligentB.competentC.ordinaryD.independent
7.A.separateB.regularC.newD.boring
8.A.speciallyB.slightlyC.wronglyD.heavily
9.A.directlyB.cleverlyC.voluntarilyD.quickly
(2)Sometopstudentsdofeelboredinclass,butwhythey__14__sogoesfarbeyondtheworktheyhaveinschool.(11广东)
14.A.believeB.thinkC.sayD.feel
2.根据词义复现或同现来确定选项
复现,指前后句的重合信息是用同一个单词或者同义异形词来表达的情况,就叫词义复现。
同现:
在语篇围绕某个话题进行时,出现一些相关联的词语,这种词汇共同出现的倾向性,就叫同现。
(1)Inparticular,therewas(andperhapsstillis)abeliefinfairies(仙女).Notallofthese________arethefriendly,people-lovingcharactersthatappearinDisneyfilms,andinsomefolktalestheyarecruelandcausemuchhumansuffering.(08广东)
A.babiesB.believersC.fairiesD.supermen
(2)Thereweremanywaystopreventthisfromhappening:
hangingaknifeoverthebaby’sheadwhilehesleptorcoveringhimwithsomeofhisfather’sclotheswerejusttwooftherecommended________.(08广东)
A.casesB.toolsC.stepsD.methods
【技能训练】
(1)Therecanbelittledoubtthat__4__classescanhelpthegiftedchildrentograduateearlierandtaketheirplaceinlifesooner.However,totakethese__5__outoftheregularclassesmaycreateseriousproblems.(11广东)
4.A.regularB.specialC.smallD.creative
5.A.childrenB.programsC.graduatesD.designs
(2)Howeverthisconcernismoreoftenfromparentsandteachersthanfromstudents,andsomeofthese__12__simplyconcludethatspecialclassesshouldbesetupforthosewhoare__13__.(11广东)
12.A.studentsB.adultsC.scholarsD.teachers
13.A.talentedB.worriedC.learnedD.interested
3.根据并列关系确定选项
根据空格所在句与上下句之间的因果、并列、转折等逻辑关系,进行适当的逻辑推理即可得出答案。
例如:
由and、or、but等连接的并列成分之间总会有一定的相关性。
(1)Notallofthesefairiesarethefriendly,people-lovingcharactersthatappearinDisneyfilms,andinsomefolktalestheyare________andcausemuchhumansuffering.(08广东)
A.powerfulB.cruelC.frightenedD.extraordinary
(2)Thesetellthestoryofamotherwhosebabygrows_______andpaleandhaschangedsomuchthatitisalmostunrecognizabletotheparents.(08广东)
A.sickB.slimC.shortD.small
【技能训练】
(1)Allthestudentsaroundlookedatme,Iwastotally__30__,andmyfacewentred.(10高考)
30.A.embarrassedB.annoyedC.unsatisfiedD.excited
4.根据具体词义和搭配
AmajorFrenchnewspaper___21___hisbrotherforhimand…whichwouldbeawardedtopeoplewhomadegreat___29___tothecausesofpeace…(09广东)
21.A.foundB.misunderstoodC.mistookD.judged
29.A.additionsB.sacrificesC.changesD.contributions
【技能训练】
(1)Nobelarrangedinhiswilltogivethelargestpartofhismoneyto__28__theNobelprizes,whichwouldbeawardedtopeoplewho…(09广东)
28.A.establishB.formC.developD.promote
(2)It’stimeforgovernmenttotakesomemeasuresto______thepublictransportsystem.
A.riseB.improveC.raiseD.reduce
5.根据常识和常理判断
IthadbeenayearsinceSusanbecameblind.Astheresultofanaccident,shewassuddenlythrownintoaworldof32.(2010湖北)
32.A.weaknessB.sicknessC.darknessD.sadness
四、跟踪练习:
2011高考
Ithasbeenarguedbysomethatgiftedchildrenshouldbegroupedinspecialclasses.The__1__hasbeenonthebeliefthatinregularclassesthesechildrenareheldbackintheirintellectual(智力的)growthby__2__situationthathasdesignedforthe__3__children.
Therecanbelittledoubtthat__4__classescanhelpthegiftedchildrentograduateearlierandtaketheirplaceinlifesooner.However,totakethese__5__outoftheregularclassesmaycreateseriousproblems.
Iobservedanumberof__6__childrenwhoweretakenoutofaspecialclassandplacedina__7__class.Inthespecialclass,theyshowedlittleabilitytousetheirownjudgment,relying__8__ontheirteachers’directions.Intheregularclass,havingnoworryaboutkeepingup,theybegantoreflect__9__onmanyproblems,someofwhichwerenotontheschoolprogram.
Manyareconcernedthatgiftedchildrenbecome__10__andloseinterestinlearning.Howeverthis__11__ismoreoftenfromparentsandteachersthanfromstudents,andsomeofthese__12__simplyconcludethatspecialclassesshouldbesetupforthosewhoare__13__.Sometopstudentsdofeelboredinclass,butwhythey__14__sogoesfarbeyondtheworktheyhaveinschool.Studieshaveshownthattobeboredistobeanxious.Thegiftedchildwhoisboredisan__15__child.
1.A.principleB.theoryC.argumentD.classification
2.A.designingB.groupingC.learningD.living
3.A.smartB.curiousC.matureD.average
4.A.regularB.specialC.smallD.creative
5.A.childrenB.programsC.graduatesD.designs
6.A.intelligentB.competentC.ordinaryD.independent
7.A.separateB.regularC.newD.boring
8.A.speciallyB.slightlyC.wronglyD.heavily
9.A.directlyB.cleverlyC.voluntarilyD.quickly
10.A.doubtedB.boredC.worriedD.tired
11.A.concernB.conclusionC.reflectionD.interest
12.A.studentsB.adultsC.scholarsD.teachers
13.A.talentedB.worriedC.learnedD.interested
14.A.believeB.thinkC.sayD.feel
15.A.outstandingB.intelligentC.anxiousD.ordinary
2010高考
Everycountryhasitsownculture.
Eventhougheachcountryusesdoors..Doorsmanyhave_21__functionsandpurposeswhichleadto___22__differences.
WhenIfirstcametoAmerica,Inoticedthatapublicbuildinghadtwodifferent__23___andtheyhaddistinctfunctions.Youhavetopush
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