湖南省张家界市高考英语阅读理解和信息匹配一轮自练12.docx
- 文档编号:28388808
- 上传时间:2023-07-10
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:15
- 大小:27.15KB
湖南省张家界市高考英语阅读理解和信息匹配一轮自练12.docx
《湖南省张家界市高考英语阅读理解和信息匹配一轮自练12.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《湖南省张家界市高考英语阅读理解和信息匹配一轮自练12.docx(15页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
湖南省张家界市高考英语阅读理解和信息匹配一轮自练12
湖南省张家界市2016高考英语阅读理解和信息匹配一轮自练(12)
阅读理解。
Feelingblueabouttheworld?
“Cheerup,”sayssciencewriterMattRidley.“Theworldhasneverbeenabetterplacetolivein,anditwillkeepongettingbetterbothforhumansandfornature.”
Ridleycallshimselfarationaloptimist—rational,becausehe'scarefullyweighedtheevidenceoptimistic,becausethatevidenceshowshumanprogresstobebothunavoidableandgood.Andthisiswhathe'ssetouttoprovefromauniquepointofviewinhismostrecentbookTheRationalOptimist.Heviewsmankindasagrandenterprisethat,onthewhole,hasdonelittlebutprogressfor100,000years.Hebackshisfindingswithhardfactsgatheredthroughyearsofresearch.
Here'showheexplainshisviews.
1)Shoppingfuelsinvention
ItisreportedthattherearemorethantenbilliondifferentproductsforsaleinLondonalone.Evenallowingforthemanypeoplewhostillliveinpoverty,ourowngenerationhasaccesstomorenutritiousfood,moreconvenienttransport,biggerhouses,bettercars,andofcourse,morepoundsanddollarsthananywholivedbeforeus.Thiswillcontinueaslongasweusethesethingstomakeotherthings.Themorewespecializeandexchange,thebetteroffwe'llbe.
2)Brilliantadvances
Onereasonwearericher,healthier,taller,cleverer,longerlivedandfreerthaneverbeforeisthatthefourmostbasichumanneeds—food,clothing,fuelandshelter—havegrownalotcheaper.Takeoneexample.In1800acandleprovidingonehour'slightcostsixhours'work.Inthe1880sthesamelightfromanoillamptook15minutes'worktopayfor.In1950itwaseightseconds.Todayit'shalfsecond.
3)Let'snotkillourselvesforclimatechange
Mitigating(减轻)climatechangecouldprovejustasdamag
ingtohumanwelfareasclimatechangeitself.Achildthatdiesfromindoorsmokeinavillage,wheretheuseoffassilfuel(化石燃料)electricityisforbiddenbywellmeaningmembersofgreenpoliticalmovementstryingtosavetheworld,isjustasgreatatragedyasachildthatdiesinafloodcausedbyclimatechange.Ifclimaicchangeprovestobemild,butcuttingcarboncausesrealpain,wemaywellfindthatwehavestoppedanosebleedbyputtingatourniquet(止血带)aroundournecks.
人类的进步是无法阻挡的,是令人乐观。
在《理性的乐观主义者》一书中,作者阐述了自己对于生活中的乐观现象,并且对于购物这样普通的日常行为所带来的积极影响都做了详尽的分析和描述。
1.WhatisthethemeofRidley'smostrecentbook?
A.Weaknessofhumannature.B.Concernaboutclimatechange.
C.Importanceofpracticalthinking.D.Optimismabouthumanprogress.
答案:
D。
理解判断题。
从第二段的前两句话中,反复提到一个关键词“optimistic”以及信息句“becausethatevidenceshows...”;另外,“thisiswhathe'ssetouttoprove...”一句也正好清楚的表明了作者在本书中所以阐述的正是这个话题,正是与选项D的说法是一致的,即:
人类的进步总是不可避免的。
2.HowdoesRidleylookatshopping?
A.Itencouragesthecreationofthings.B.Itresultsinshortageofgoods.
C.Itdemandsmorefossilfuels.D.Itcausesapovertyproblem.
答案:
A。
细节判断题。
从“Shoppingfuelsinvention”一段正是反映了Ridley的观点:
购物能够激发创造发明。
选项A与之相吻合。
3.Thecandleandlampexampleisusedtoshowthat________.
A.oillampsgiveoffmorelightthancandles
B.shorteningworkingtimebringsaboutahappierlife
C.advancedtechnologyhelpstoproducebettercandles
D.increasedproductionrateleadstolowercostofgoods
答案:
D。
细节判断题。
根据Brilliantadvances一段中的“Takeoneexample”一句很明显的确定为:
作者拿蜡烛与灯的比较与变化正是为了前面他所提到的看法,故与选项D的说法是一致的。
4.Whatdoesthelastsentenceofthepassageimply?
A.Cuttingcarbonisnecessaryinspiteofthehugecost.
B.Overreactiontoclimatechangemayb
edangerous.
C.People'shealthiscloselyrelatedtoclimatechange.
D.Carelessmedicaltreatmentmaycausegreatpain.
答案:
B。
推理判断题。
根据最后一句话中的“cuttingcarboncausesrealpain”可以排除选项A与C的说法,因为它们大相径庭;而根据“putt
ing...aroundournecks”一句可以表明选项D中“careless”一词运用不当,是不符合语境的。
故只有选项B是最正确的。
【2014天津市六校第一次联考】
阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
阅读下面短文,请根据短文后的要求答题。
Everyonehasdreamsandtheyobeytherulesthatifyoucandreamit,youcanachieveit!
Herearefourgoalsforpeopletoreachaperfectlifeintheirfuture.
Thefirstgoalcommontoallofusishealthandenergy.Weallwanttobehealthyandfit,tohavehighlevelsofenergyandtolivefreeofpainsandillnesses.Today,withtheincredibleadvancesinmedicalscience,thequalityofourhealthandfitness,andourlifespan,islargelydeterminedbydesign,notbychance.Peoplewithexcellenthealthhabitsarefarhealthier,havemoreenergy,andlivelongerandbetterthanpeoplewhohavepoorhealthhabits.Rememberthathealthisnoteverything,butwithouthealtheverythingisnothing!
Thesecondgoalthatweallhaveincommonistoenjoyexcellentrelationships---intimate,personalorsocial---withthepeoplewelikeandrespect,andwholikeandrespectusinturn.Fully85%ofyourhappinesswillbedeterminedbythequalityofyourrelationshipsateachstage,andineacharea,ofyourlife.Howwellyougetalongwithpeople,andhowmuchtheylike,loveandrespectyou,havemoreimpactonthequalityofyourlifethanperhapsanyotherfactor.
Thethirdcommongoalistodoworkthatweenjoy,todoitwell,andtobewellpaidforit.Youwanttobeabletogetandkeepthejobyouwant,togetpaidmoreandelevatedfaster.Youwanttoearntheverymostthatispossibleforyouateachstageofyourcareer,whateveryoudo.
Thefourthgoalweallhaveincommonistoachievefinancialindependence.Youwanttoreachthepointinlifewhereyouhaveenoughmoneysothatyouneverhavetoworryaboutmoneyagain.Youwanttocompletelybefreeoffinancialworries.Youwanttobeabletoorderdinnerinarestaurantwithoutreferringtothepricelistingstodeterminewhatyouwanttoeat.
51.Whatdoesthispassagechieflytalkabout?
(Nomorethan15words)
______________________________________________________________________________
52.Whydoestheauthorputhealthaheadofothergoals?
(Nomorethan20words)
______________________________________________________________________________
53.Judgingfromthepassage,whatdirectlyinfluencesmostofyourhappiness?
(Nomorethan20words)
______________________________________________________________________________
54.Theunderlinedword“elevated”inParagraph4refersto“_________”.(Nomorethan5words)
______________________________________________________________________________
55.Howcanyougainfinancialindependence?
Pleasegiveyourideainbrief.(Nomorethan15words)
______________________________________________________________________________
【参考答案】阅读表达
71.Fourgoalsthatwillproduceaperfectlifeinthefuture./Fourgoalsfor(in)yourperfectlife.
72.Becausewithouthealtheverythingisnothing./Becausehealthypeoplehavemoreenergy,andlivelongerandbetterthanpeoplewhoarenothealthy.
73.Thequalityofourrelationshipsateachstage,andineacharea,ofourlife./Thathowwellwegetalongwithpeople,andhowmuchtheylike,loveandrespectus.
74.Promoted
75.Bydoingworkweenjoy,doingitwell,andbeingwellpaidforit./Bygettingandkeepingthejobwewant,gettingpaidmoreandelevatedfaster./Byputtinginalotofhardworkateachstageofourcareer./Bystickingtoouridealofmakingittothetopandstrivingwithoutreservation.
【科普知识型---阅读理解】
HousedinMilan,oneofEurope'sdirtiestcities,LeonardodaVinci'smasterpieceTheLastSupperstillfacesathreatfromairpollution,researcherssay,despitepreventativemeasuresthathavesignificantlydecreasedpollutantsinthechurchwherethefamouspaintingisondisplay.
In2009,Italianauthoritiesinstalledaheating,ventilation(通风)andairconditioningsystemtoprotectthepaintingfromMilan'spollutedair.Toseewhetherthesystemcouldimproveairquality,ateamofresearchersledbyConstantinosSioutas,aprofessorofcivilandenvironmentalengineeringattheUniversityof
SouthernCalifornia,placedtwoairqu
alitymonitorsinsidethechurchforayeartocollectsamplesfromaroundpainting.Resultsshowedthelevelsoffineandcoarseparticulateswerereducednearthepaintingby88percentand94percent,respectively,comparedwiththecorrespondingoutdoorlevels.“It'saspectacularreduction,”Sioutassaidinastatement.“Itis,frankly,veryimpressive.”
AlthoughtheresearchersapplaudedthesuccessfuldecreaseinparticulatesarounddaVinci'spainting,theywarnedthatindoorsourcesofpollutionmaystillposeathreattothepricelesspainting.Fattylipids(油脂)fromtheskinofcustomersinthechurchappearedinsignificantquantitiesaroundthepainting,despitethefactthatvisitorsgettingaccesstotheartworkarestrictlyregulated.
Onlyafewvisitorsareallowedinsidethechurchatatime,andtheyenterthebuildingandcanstayforonly15minuteseach.However,fattylipidsfromvisitors'skincancombinewithdustintheairandpollutethepaintingiftheycomeincontactwithit,saysstudyresearcherNancyDaheroftheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia.
Evenpreviousrestorationsofthepaintingmaypolluteitssurface,Dahersaid.Tinyparticulatesofthewaxappliedduringearlyrepaireffortscanbeemittedfromthepainting,getintotheairandtarnish(使失去光泽)thepaintinginthesamemannerasthefattylipids
.
Theresearchersnotedthattheirairsampleanalysiscouldbeusedasapointofreferenceforfuturestudiesaimedatprotectingvaluableartwor
kandartefacts.
1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“particulates”inParagraph2probablymean?
A.Thesmallestpartsofachemicalsubstance.
B.Thingsdirtierthanusual.
C.Certaintypesofgas.
D.Extremelysmallpiecesofdirt,whichcauseseriouspollution.
2.Accordingtothetext,thefollowingfactorspollutethepaintingEXCEPT________.
A.fattylipidsfromtheskinB.tinyparticlesofthewax
C.breathofthevisitorsD.dustintheair
3.Accordingtotheresearcher
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 湖南省 张家界市 高考 英语 阅读 理解 信息 匹配 一轮 12