安徽省合肥市一六八中学任务型阅读经典例题.docx

安徽省合肥市一六八中学任务型阅读经典例题.docx

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安徽省合肥市一六八中学任务型阅读经典例题

一、高中英语任务型阅读

1．任务型阅读

Who'sReallyAddictingYouToTechnology?

   “NearlyeveryoneIknowisaddictedinsomemeasuretotheInternet”,wroteTonySchwartzinTheNewYorkTimes.It'sacommoncomplaintthesedays.AsteadystreamofsimilarheadlinesaccusestheNetanditsoffspringapps,socialmediasitesandonlinegamesofaddictingustodistraction.

   There'slittledoubtthatnearlyeveryonewhocomesincontactwiththeNethasdifficultydisconnecting.Thenwho'satfaultforitsoveruse?

Tofindsolutions,it'simportanttounderstandwhatwe'redealingwith.Therearefourpartiescooperatingtokeepyouconnected:

thetech,yourboss,yourfriendsandyou.

   Thetechnologiesthemselvesandtheirmakersaretheeasiestsuspectstoblameforourdistraction.OnlineserviceslikeFacebook,Google,twitterandthelikerelyonadvertisingrevenue,sothemorefrequentlyyouusethem,themoremoneytheymake.Nowonderthesecompaniesemployteamsofpeoplefocusedonimprovingtheirservicestobeasattractiveaspossible.

   Goodastheseservicesare,therearesimplestepswecantaketokeepthemfromcomingtooclose.However,lessthan15percentofsmartphoneusersarewillingtoadjusttheirnotificationsettings meaningtheremaining85percentofusdefaultto（默认）theappmakers'everypresetdevices.

   WhilecompanieslikeFacebookharvestattentiontogeneraterevenuefromadvertisers,othertechnologieshavenosuchagenda.Takeemail,forexample.Wecheckemailatallhoursofthedaywe'reobsessed,becausethat'swhatthebosswants.Foralmostallwhite-collarjobs,emailistheprimarytoolofcorporatecommunication.Aslowresponsetoamessagecouldhurtnotonlyyourreputationbutalsoyourlivelihood.

   Yourfriendsarealsoresponsiblefortheaddiction.Thinkaboutthisfamiliarscene.Peoplegatheredaroundatable,enjoyingfoodandeachothers'company.Then,duringanintervalintheconversation,someonetakesouttheirphonetocheckwhoknowswhat.Barelyanyonenoticesandnoonesaysathing.

   Therealityistakingone'sphoneoutatthewrongtimeismorethananimpolitebehaviorbecause,unlikeotherminoroffense,checkingtechiscontagious（传染）.Onceonepersonlooksattheirphone,otherpeopletendtodothesame,startingachainreaction.

   Hietechnology,yourboss,andyourfriends,allinfluencehowoftenyoufindyourselfusing（oroverusing）thesegadgets.Butthere'sstillsomeonewhodeservescarefulexaminationthepersonholdingthephone.

   Whenpeoplearedoingsomethingdifficultthey'drathernotdo,thephoneisusedtotransportthemelsewhere.Theycaneasilyescapediscomforttemporarily,byansweringemailorbrowsingthewebundertheexcuseofso-called“research”.Thetruthisthatweareworkingunproductivelyoutofourbadhabits.

   Personaltechnologyisindeedmoreattractivethanever,whichdoesn'tmeanweshouldn'tattempttocontrolouruseoftechnology,instead,weshouldcometotermswiththefactthatit'smorethanthetechnologythat'sresponsibleforourhabits.Ourworkplaceculture,socialnormsandindividualbehaviorsallplayapart.

Who'sReallyAddictingYouToTechnology?

Acommonphenomenon

Moreandmorepeoplearegettingaddictedtosome________ totheInternetnowadays.

Thosewhohavedifficultydisconnectingoftenlay________ ontheNetanditsoffspringapps.

Foursuspects

Thetechnologies

SomeonlineserviceslikeFacebookaredesignedattractivelyfor________ reasons.

Mostpeoplewon't________tomakeanyadjustmenttothepresetdevices.

Yourboss

Emailsarewidelyusedforcommunicationinmanycompanies.

White-collaremployeescheckemailshourlyasadelayedresponsemay________themreputationandlivelihood.

Yourfriends

Acheckonthephoneisoftentakenfor________ thoughit'ssometimesimpolitewithfriendsaround.

Onetendsto________suitwhenseeing;hisfriendssurfingonthephone.

You（Theusers）

Technologiescanbeusedasagoodexcuseto________ourselvesfromsomethingboringorchallenging.

Somehadhabitsaswellastechnologiesgive________ toourdistraction.

Conclusion

Technology________ isnottherootoftheproblemwithouraddition,asmanyotherfactorsalsoplayapart.

【答案】extent/degree；blame；economic/financial；bother；cost；granted；follow；free/liberate/release；rise/birth；alone/itself

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，阐述了让人沉迷于科技的几个因素。

（1）考查信息提取能力。

根据第一段中的“NearlyeveryoneIknowisaddicteddistraction.”可知,几乎我认识的每个人在某种程度上都对互联网上瘾。

tosomeextent/degree/“在某种程度上”。

故填extent/degree。

（2）考查信息提取能力。

根据第一段中的“AsteadystreamofsimilarheadlinesaccusestheNetanditsoffspringapps,socialmediasitesandonlinegamesofaddictingustodistraction.”可知，不断有类似的头条新闻指责网络及其不断出现的应用程序、社交媒体网站和网络游戏让我们沉迷科技，让我们分心。

layblameon“把某事归咎于...”。

故填blame。

（3）考查信息提取能力。

根据第三段中的“OnlineserviceslikeFacebook,Google,twitterandthelikerelyonadvertisingrevenue,sothemorefrequentlyyouusethem,themoremoneytheymake”可知，Facebook、谷歌、twitter等在线服务依赖广告收入，所以你使用它们的频率越高，它们赚的钱就越多。

economic/financialreason“经济原因”。

故填economic/financial。

（4）考查信息提取能力。

根据第四段中的“meaningtheremaining85percentofusdefaultto（默认）theappmakers'everypresetdevices.”可知，意味着剩下的85%的智能手机用户默认应用程序制造商的所有预设设备。

bothertodosth“烦扰做某事”。

故填bother。

（5）考查信息提取能力。

由第五段“Foralmostallwhite-collarjobs,emailistheprimarytoolofcorporatecommunication.Aslowresponsetoamessagecouldhurtnotonlyyourreputationbutalsoyourlivelihood.”可知，对于几乎所有的白领工作来说，电子邮件是公司沟通的主要工具。

对信息回复不及时不仅会损害你的名誉，还会砸了你的饭碗。

cost“使丧失”。

故填cost。

（6）考查信息提取能力。

根据第六段中的“Then,duringanintervalintheconversation,someonetakesouttheirphonetocheckwhoknowswhat.Barelyanyonenoticesandnoonesaysathing.”可知，然后，在谈话的间隙，有人就拿出手机查看手机上的内容。

人们几乎不关注彼此，也没有人交谈。

takesthforgranted“认为某事理所当然”。

故填granted。

（7）考查信息提取能力。

根据第七段中的“Onceonepersonlooksattheirphone,otherpeopletendtodothesame,startingachainreaction.”可知，一旦一个人看手机，其他人也倾向于看手机，从而引发连锁反应。

follow“跟谁”。

故填follow。

（8）考查信息提取能力。

根据第九段中的“Whenpeoplearedoingsomethingdifficultthey'drathernotdo,thephoneisusedtotransportthemelsewhere.Theycaneasilyescapediscomforttemporarily,byansweringemailorbrowsingthewebundertheexcuseofso-called“research””可知，当人们在做一些他们不愿意做的困难的事情时，手机是用来把他们注意力转移到其它地方的工具。

他们可以以所谓的“研究”为借口，通过回复电子邮件或浏览网页，轻松地暂时摆脱不适。

free/liberate/releasesbfromsth“从…中释放出来”。

故填free/liberate/release。

（9）考查信息提取能力。

根据第九段中的“Thetruthisthatweareworkingunproductivelyoutofourbadhabits.”可知，事实上，我们根本就没有摆脱坏习惯。

givebirth/riseto“引起,产生”。

故填rise/birth。

（10）考查信息提取能力。

根据第十段中的“instead,weshouldcometotermswiththefactthatit'smorethanthetechnologythat'sresponsibleforourhabits.Ourworkplaceculture,socialnormsandindividualbehaviorsallplayapart.”相反，我们应该接受这样一个事实，那就是我们的习惯不仅仅是由技术造成的。

我们的职场文化、社会规范和个人行为都起到了一定的作用。

alone/itself“独自地/本身”。

故填alone/itself。

【点评】本题涉及信息提取能力题型的考查，要求考生准确掌握所给材料的内容，根据上下文的逻辑关系，结合相关的语法知识和词汇知识，从而写出正确答案。

2．任务型阅读

   Thistimeofyear,thousandsofcollegeapplicantswaitforenoticesandauspiciously（吉利地）sizedenvelopesfromschools,underterriblepressurefromtheirparents,friends,teachers,andthemselves.Astothis,Ioffersomeadvice,whichcomesnotonlyfromabitofexperience,butalsoabitofresearch:

justcooloutandcontinue,okay?

   ManyparentsandstudentsthinkthereisaworldofdifferencebetweenthelifelongoutcomesofanAminusstudentwhogetsinto,say.Princeton,andanAminusstudentwhoappliestoPrincetonbut"only"getsintosomelessselectiveschool,likePennStateortheUniversityofWisconsin.TheyassumethatadecisionmadebyfacelessIvyLeagueadmissionsofficers,tosomeextent,willmarkthedifferencebetweensuccessandfailureinlife.

   Therearetwoimportantthingstosayaboutthisstress.First,toputtheanxietyintocontext,thekidsapplyingtotheseschoolsarealreadydoingquitewell.Seventypercentof29-year-oldsdon'thaveabachelor'sdegree,andthemajorityofBAsareearnedatnonselectiveschoolsthatacceptamajorityoftheirapplicants.Manyoftheapplicantshavealreadywonlife'slottery.

   Butifthatdoesn'teasethenervesofthe40,000peoplewaitingonStanfordorPenn,hereisamoreencouragingconclusionfromeconomics.Formostapplicants,itdoesn'tmatteriftheydon'tgetintotheirtopchoice,accordingtoapaperbyStacyDale,amathematicianatMathematicaPolicyResearch,andAlanKrueger,aneconomistatPrincetonUniversity.Theytrackedtwogroupsofstudents——onethatattendedcollegeinthe1970sandtheotherintheearly1990s.Theywantedtoknow：

Didstudentsattendingthemostelitecollegesearnmoreintheir30s.40s.and50sthanstudentswithsimilarSATscores,whowererejectedbyelitecolleges?

Theshortanswerwasno.Or,intheauthor'slanguage,thedifferencebetweenthestudentswhowenttosuperselectiveschoolsandthestudentswithsimilarSATscoresrejectedbythoseschoolsandwenttolessselectiveinstitutionswas"indistinguishablefromzero."

   Whatdoesthatmean?

Itmeansthat,formanystudents,"whoyouare"ismoreimportantthanwhereyougo.It'shardtoshowthathighlyselectivecollegesaddmuchearningpower,evenwiththeirdistinguishedprofessorsandprofessionalnetworks.Inaddition,thedecisionofadmissionsofficersisn'tasimportantasthesumofthedecisions,habits,andrelationshipsstudentshavebuiltuptothispointintheiryounglife.

   Fortheelitecollegesthemselves,theDaleKruegerpaperhadadditional,fascinatingfindings.It'sfoundthatthemostselectiveschoolsdomakeanextraordinarydifferenceinlifeearningforminoritystudentsfromless-educatedfamilieswhoaremorelikelytorelyoncollegestoprovidethetrainingandjobnetworkswithgreatinfluence.GettingintoPrincetonifyou