初中英语宾语从句讲解练习与答案.docx
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初中英语宾语从句讲解练习与答案.docx
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初中英语宾语从句讲解练习与答案
宾语从句
(一)宾语从句的种类
宾语从句是一种名词性从句,在句中作及物动词的宾语,或介词的宾语,或形容词的宾语。
根据引导宾语从句的不同连词,宾语从句可分为三类。
结构:
主语+谓语+宾语(陈述句语序)【注意:
1~引导词.that2~语序v.+主+谓由if、whether引导宾语从句3~时态:
A.主句---现在时从句---任一时态】
1.由that引导的宾语从句。
that只有语法作用,没有实在的意义,在口语
和非正式文体中可以省略。
例如:
Hesaid(that)hewantedtostayathome.
Shedoesn’tknow(that)sheisseriouslyill.
Iamsure(that)hewillsucceed.
2.由连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which和连接副词when,where,why,how引导的宾语从句。
这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。
例如:
Doyouknowwho(whom)theyarewaitingfoe?
Heaskedwhosehandwritingwasthebest.
CanyoutellmewheretheNo.3busstopis?
Idon’tknowwhythetrainislate.
3.由if或whether引导的宾语从句。
if和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。
例如:
Iwanttoknowif(whether)helivesthere.
Heaskedmewhether(if)Icouldhelphim.
一般情况下,if和whether可以互换,但以下3种情况只能用whether
①在不定式前:
Whethertogothereornothasn'tbeendecided.
②在介词前:
Itdependson(依靠)whetheritisgoingtorain.
③与ornot连用:
Theyaretalkingaboutwhethertogothereornot.
语法点:
由if或whether引导的宾语从句
词汇:
if,whether,ask,wonder,know,…
句型:
…asks/asked/wonders/wondered/wantstoknow/wantedtoknowif/whether…
前后桌同学之间开展采访活动,然后同桌交流采访结果。
如:
—Whodidyouinterview?
—IinterviewedBill.
—Whatdidyouaskhim?
—Iaskedhimifhealwaysobeyedtheschoolrules.
—…
(二)宾语从句的语序
宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。
例如:
Ihear(that)physicsisn’teasy.
Ithink(that)youwilllikethisschoolsoon.
CanyoutellmehowIcangettozoo?
Pleasetellmewhenwe’llhavethemeeting.
(三)宾语从句的时态
1.如果主句的时态是一般现在时,宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。
如:
Idon’tthink(that)youareright.
Pleasetelluswhereheis.
CanyoutellmehowIcangettotherailwaystation?
2.如果主句的时态是一般过去时,宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态(一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时)。
例如:
Heaskedwhattimeitwas.
Hetoldmethathewaspreparingforthesportsmeet.
HeaskedifyouhadwrittentoPeter.
HesaidthathewouldgobacktotheU.S.soon.
3.如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理,其时态常用一般现在时。
例如:
OurteachersaidthatJanuaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.
Scientistshaveprovedthattheearthturnsaroundthesun.
不省略引导词that
当that作learn,suggest,explain,agree,wonder,prove,mean,state,feel,hold等动词的宾语时;
当宾语从句较长时;
当主语状语置于主句尾,宾语从句之前时;
当主语谓语动词(包括非谓语动词)与宾语从句之间有插入语时;
当一个动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时,此时第一个that可以省略,第二个that不可以省略;
当宾语从句中的主语是this,that或this,that做主语的定语时;
当宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时;
当宾语从句的主语是非谓语动词或主语从句时;
当主语中的谓语动词是固定词组时;
当宾语从句有it做其先行词时;
在直接引语中,转述分句把宾语从句隔开时.
当that在从句中充当主语时
1、典型例题【中考链接】
1.YourT-shirtissocool.Couldyoutellme________?
A.whereyoubuyitB.wheredoyoubuyit
C.whereyouboughtitD.wheredidyoubuyit
2.—Excuseme.Couldyoutellme_____IcangettotheSpaceMuseum?
--Ofcourse.YoucantakebusNo.1.
A.whereB.howC.ifD.why
3.—Doyouknow________thenewmobilephonelastweek?
--Maybe900yuan.I’mnotquitesure.
A.howmuchshepaidforB.howmuchwillshepayforC.howmuchdidshepayfor
4.MichaelJordanhasfailedoverandoveragaininhislife.Andthat’s____hesucceeds.
A.whatB.whenC.whyD.where
5.AliceinWonderlandisafantasticmovie.It’sabout______.
A.howdidAliceendtheRedQueen’sreignofterror(恐怖统治)
B.whatdidAliceendtheRedQueen’sreignofterror
C.howAliceendedtheRedQueen’sreignofterror
D.whatAliceendedtheRedQueen’sreignofterror
6.—Doyouknow________thegirlinredis?
—I’mnotsure.Maybeateacher.
A.whenB.howC.whereD.what
7.—Whatdidyourparentsthankaboutyourdecision?
--Theyalwaysletmedo_______IthinkIshould.
A.whenB.thatC.howD.what
8.Iwanttoknow________.
A.whenweshouldarriveattheairportB.whenshouldwearriveattheairport
C.whentheairportweshouldarriveatD.whentheairportshouldwearriveat
9.--Wouldyoupleasetellme__________?
--At10:
00thisevening.
A.whenwillthetrainleaveB.whenthetrainwillleaveC.whendoesthetrainleave
10.—Couldyoutellme________?
--FillinthisformandIwillgiveyouacard.
A.howIcanmeetCathyB.whereIcanmeetCathyC.whenIcanmeetCathy
11.–Doyouknow________themanwithsunglassesis?
-I’mnotsure.Maybeareporter.
A.whoB.whatC.whereD.how
12.-Tommy,doyouknowifFrank________tothezoothisSundayifit________?
-Sorry,Ihavenoidea.
A.willgo;isfineB.goes;isfineC.willgo;isgoingtobefineD.goes;willbefine
13.Noonecanbesure_________inamillionyears.
A.whatmanlookslikeB.whatwillmanlooklike
C.whatmanlookedlikeD.whatmanwilllooklike
14.Suetoldmethatshe_________shoppingwithhersisterthenextday.
A.willgoB.wouldgoC.goesD.hasgone
15.Thenew-designedcarisonshownow.Iwonder_________.
A.howmuchitcostB.howmuchdiditcostC.howmuchitcostsD.howmuchdoesitcost
16.-Whendoyouthink_________?
-Abouthalfpastfive.Iwillpickhimupattheairport.
A.hewillcomeB.willhecomeC.didhecomeD.hecame
17.Ourteachertoldusthesun________intheeast.
A.riseB.roseC.risingD.rises
18.--Listen!
It is still noisyin thehead teacher’soffice.
-Go and see________theyhavefinished correcting thepapersyet.
A.though B.whetherC.unless D.while
19.-WhattimewillMr.BrownbebacktoChina?
-Sorry.Idon’tknow________.
A.whendidhegoabroadB.whyheisgoingabroad
C.howsoonwillhebebackD.howlonghewillstayabroad
20.–Doyouknow________themanwithsunglassesis?
-I’mnotsure.Maybeareporter.
A.whoB.whatC.whereD.how
2、习题练习
1.Doyouknow_______duringthecomingsummerholiday?
A.whatwillTomdoB.whatdidTomdoC.whatTomwilldoD.whatTomdid
2.Iwanttoknow_________.
A.whatishisnameB.what’shisnameC.thathisnameisD.whathisnameis
3.Doyouknow________Icouldpasstheexam?
A.thatB.whetherC.whatD.which
4.Jimdoesn’tunderstand____________.
A.whichisthewaytothemuseumB.whyhiswifealwaysgoesshopping
C.whatisthewaytothemuseumD.whydoesshealwaysgoshopping
5.---Couldyoutellme______sheislookingfor?
A.thatB.whoseC.whoD.which
二.根据汉语句子的意思完成下列英语句子
4.请你告诉我去钟楼怎麽走吗?
Couldyoutellme_______IcangettotheBellTower?
5.父亲说他买了一台新电脑。
Fathersaidthathe________________anewcomputer..
6.我想知道今天晚上还有没有去北京的火车。
Iwanttoknow_________thereisatraintoBeijing.
7.你知道一个双人间多少钱吗?
Doyouknow_____________adoubleroom______?
9.叔叔说他正在写一本新小说。
Unclesaidthathe_____________anewnovel.
10.杰克说他有重要事情要做。
Jacksaidhe_______somethingimportanttodo.
二、选择填空。
()1.WhatdidMikesay?
Hesaid____________________.
A.ifyouarefreethenextweekB.whatcolourwasit
C.theweatherisfineD.summercomesafterspring
()2.Tomaskedmyfriend________________.
A.wherewashefromB.thattheearthisbiggerthanthemoon
C.whendidhecomebackD.nottobesoangry
()3.Letmetellyou__________________.
A.howmuchisthecarB.howmuchdoesthecarcost
C.howmuchdidIpayforthecarD.howmuchIspentonthecar
()4.Peterknew_______________.
A.whetherhehasfinishedreadingthebook
B.whytheboyhadsomanyquestions
C.therewere12monthsinayearD.whentheywillleaveforParis
()5.Couldyoutellme___________?
A.wheredoyoulive B.whoyouarewaitingfor
C.whowereyouwaitingfor D.whereyoulivein
一、将下面的句子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句。
1.TheseflowersarefromGuangdong.Hesaid.
Hesaid_______theseflowers_______fromGuangdong.
2.Lighttravelsfasterthansound.Myteachertoldme.
Myteachertoldme_____light_______fasterthansound.
3.Therewillbeameetinginfivedays.Jackdidn’tknow.
Jackdidn’tknow_____there_________ameetinginfivedays.
4.CantheyspeakFrench?
Iwanttoknow.
Iwanttoknow___________________________French.
5.Arethechildrenplayinggames?
Tellme.
Tellme______thechildren____________games.
6.Haveyoufinishedyourhomeworkyet?
Mr.ZhaoaskedMaGang.
Mr.ZhaoaskedMaGang____________________homeworkyet.
7.Howmanypeoplecanyouseeinthepicture?
Whoknows?
Whoknows_______________________________inthepicture?
8.Wheredidsheparkhercar?
Doyouknow?
Doyouknow______________hercar?
9.Whatdoesheoftentalkabout?
Thegirlwondered.
Thegirlwondered__________often________about.
10.Whoknockedatthedoorsoloudly?
Idon’tknow.
Idon’tknow___________atthedoorsoloudly.
感叹句讲解与练习
由感叹词what引导的感叹句。
what修饰名词或名词短语,有以下两种形式:
1.What+a(an)+(形容词)+单数可数名词+主语+谓语!
或是:
What+名词词组+主语+谓语!
如:
Whatanapplethisis!
Whatafinedayitis!
2.What+(形容词)+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语!
Whatkindwomentheyare!
Whatnicemusicitis!
由How引导的感叹句。
how用来修饰形容词、副词或动词。
其结构是:
How+形容词(副词)+主语+谓语!
Howhardtheworkersareworking!
Howcleverthegirlis!
Howquicklytheboyiswriting!
注意:
当how修饰动词时,动词不跟着感叹词提到主语之前。
Howtherunnerruns!
what与how引导的感叹句,一般情况下可以相互转换,转换后意义不变。
如:
Whataninterestingstoryitis!
==Howinterestingthestoryis!
whatabeautifulbuildingitis!
==Howbeautifulthebuildingis!
在口语中,感叹句的主语和谓语常常省略。
如:
Whatanicepresent!
(省略itis)
Howdisappointed!
(省略sheis或其它可作本句主、谓的词语)
关于感叹句what和how的区别:
一、由"what"引导的感叹句:
"what"意为"多么"用作定语,修饰名词(被强调部分),单数可数名词前要加不定冠词a/an,复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词。
这类句子的结构形式是:
what+(a/an)+adj.+n.+主语+谓语+(itis).
如:
①Whataclevergirlsheis!
多么聪明的姑娘呀!
二、由"how"引导的感叹句:
"how"意为"多么",用作状语,修饰形容词或副词(被强调部分)。
如果修饰形容词,则句中的谓语动词用系动词;如果how修饰副词,则句中的谓语动词用行为动词,这类句子的结构形式是:
How+adj.(adv.)+主语+谓语+(itis).如:
Howcolditistoday!
今天多么冷呀!
三、在表示同一意义时,英语感叹既可用"what"引导,也可用"how"引导。
如:
Whatahotdayitis!
Howhotthedayis!
四、感叹句在表示激动强烈的感情时,口语中常常采用省略句,其后面的主语和谓语往往略去不讲。
如:
Whatafineday!
多么晴朗的天呀!
构成感叹句的感叹词有两个:
what和how,其基本结构是:
What+名词+陈述肯定式;How+形容词(或副词)+陈述肯定式。
部分参加学士学位英语考试的考生拿到感叹句时,不知道该如何下手,其实,只要掌握五个
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