Gabi的help之technical reference.docx
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Gabi的help之technical reference.docx
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Gabi的help之technicalreference
TechnicalReferenceManualforGaBi6
GaBi’sobjectorientatedsoftwaredesigndefinesthesystemandcharacterizesitsappearance.Objectorientationoriginatedasaninterdisciplinaryfieldfrominformaticsandpsychologyandisbasedonthewayhumansthink.Modularstructuresandahighdegreeofnetworkingarecharacteristicforobject-orientedthinking.Youwillencountertheterms'GaBiobject'and'GaBiobjectclass'frequentlywhenworkingwiththeGaBisystem.
GaBiobjectsencapsulateassociateddataandfunctions(calledmethodsinconnectionwithobjectorientation).ThedifferenttypesofGaBiobjectsarecalledobjectclasses.Wedifferentiatebetween11objectclasses:
Balances,Plans,Processes,Flows,Quantities,MeasuringUnits,Users,Projects,DataQualityIndicators(DQIs),Weightings(Normalization,Evaluation)andGlobalParameters.
SomeimportantinnovationsofGaBithroughouttheyearsaresummarizedbelow:
GlobalParameters:
Newobjecttypeusedtomanageglobalparameters.Here,youcancreateparametersthatapplytotheentiredatabase.DifferentpartsofyourGaBimodelscanrefertoglobalparametersandcanbevariedcentrally.
PlanParameters:
GaBi6plansmayuseparameters.Thisincreasestheoptionsforflexiblemodelsthatcanbeadaptedeasilywiththelocalsettingofavailableparameters.
ParameterInterconnections:
Parametersofdifferentplanprocesses(calledprocessinstances)canbelinkedinGaBi6.Inconnectionwithplanparameters,thismayalsobeusedtomodelinterconnectionsacrossplanhierarchies.
CentralizedParameterExplorer:
ParametersofamodelcanbemanagedcentrallywithinGaBi6.TheparameterexplorerisalsogreatlysuitedtoexamineGaBimodelsacrossseverallayersofnestedplans.Atree-likeviewallowsforfastnavigationwithinaGaBimodel.Interconnectionsarethusclearlyillustratedacrossdifferentplanlevels.
LifeCycleCosting(LCC):
GaBi6offersanimprovedfunctionofcollectinglifecyclecostdata.Costinformationisassignedtoflowsandcanbechangedfromwithinprocesses.ThisalsoincludesadditionalGaBibalanceevaluationoptions.
LifeCycleWorkingEnvironment(LCWE):
FunctionstocollectandevaluatehumanworktimesandaspectsofqualityacrossacompletelifecyclearenewGaBi6functions.InformationpertainingtoLCWEisinputontheprocesslevel.
ImprovedBalances:
TheevaluationofmodeledlifecyclesisoneofthemostimprovedGaBi6areas.InadditiontothebasicimprovementofLCCandLCWEaspects,therearealsonumerousnewdetails:
Suchascategoryfilter,balanceview,weakpointanalysis,etc.
GaBiAnalyst:
GaBi6featurestheanalysistoolGaBiAnalyst,offeringfourbasictypesofanalyses:
scenarioanalysis,parametervariation,sensitivityanalysis,andtheMonteCarloanalysis.Thebatchmodeallowsfortheautomaticconsecutivecalculationofseveralanalyses.
IncorporationofGaBii-report:
StartingwithGaBi5,thisfeature,allowinguserstocreateinteractivereportsbasedonalteringparameters,comesstandardinthesoftware.
1.1basicinformation
GaBi6isanobject-orientedsoftwaresystem.TheGaBisystemusesobjecttypestosaveandmanagedataintheGaBiDBManager.Adistinctionismadebetweenthefollowingbasicobjecttypes:
Balances:
BalancescanbeusedtoviewtheresultsofaGaBimodel.Balancescanbeevaluatedinavarietyofdifferentways.
Plans:
Planscanbeusedtogeneratelifecyclemodelsintheformofflowcharts.Here,so-calledprocessinstancesandsub-plansarelinkedwithoneanother.
Processes:
Processesaremodelsofastepwithinalifecycle.GaBiprocessescancorrespondwithactualprocessesorwithblackboxmodulesofaprocesschain,whichinrealityconsistsofseveralprocesses.
Flows:
FlowsarealsofrequentlyreferredtoaselementaryflowswhenusedaspartoftheLCAterminology.Thisusuallydescribesmaterials,emissionsortypesofenergybutcanalsomodelmoreabstractobjectsexchangedbetweenprocesses.
Quantities:
Propertiesofflowswithbehaviorproportionaltothemass(orthereferencequantityasamoregeneralvalue)arecalledquantitiesintheGaBisystem.Here,youcanmodeltechnicalmaterialproperties(e.g.undercalorificvalue)butalsoimpacts(e.g.GWP).
Units:
TheGaBisystemsupportsseveralmeasuringunits(e.g.kg,g,t,etc.).Conversionfactors(e.g.fromgtokg=factor1000)arestoredinunitobjects.
User:
Databaseaccessrequiresloggingonwithausernameandtheproperpassword.Thisdataisstoredinuserobjects.
Contacts:
Detailedcontactinformation,accordingtotheILCD,canbemanagedintheGaBidatabase.Processes,flows,andreferences,citationscanbelinkedtocontacts.
Projects:
GaBiprojectscanbedocumentedaccordingtoISOstandards.Thisisdonewithprojects.Alistofusedobjectscanalsobestoredinaproject.
QualityIndicators:
So-calledDQIs(DataQualityIndicators)areusedbytheGaBisystemtodocumentdataquality.
Interpretation:
GaBi6offerstwotypesofinterpretation:
NormalizationandWeighting.Bothareusedinbalancingobjects.
GlobalParameters:
Here,youcancreateglobalparametersthatapplytotheentiredatabase.DifferentpartsofyourGaBimodelscanrefertoglobalparametersandcanbevariedcentrally.
Reference,Citation:
Referencesandcitations,accordingtotheILCD,canbemanagedintheGabidatabase.ReferencesandCitationscanbelinkedtoprocessandflowdocumentation.Externalfilesasreports,officedocumentsorpicturescanbelinkedtothereferencesandcitations.
1.2GaBiDBManager(数据库管理器)
TheGaBiDBManagerisaclearlystructureduserinterfacelinkingwiththedatabase.ThestructureandfunctionalityoftheGaBiDBManageraresimilartotheMicrosoftTMmanagementtool,WindowsExplorer.AGaBidatabaseopenedintheDBManagerhasatreestructure,whichmeansthatdifferentbranchesoriginatefromaroottofurtherbranches.
AGaBiDBisinitiallydividedinto13differentfixedobjecttypes.Theseareasfollows:
Balances,Plans,Processes,Flows,Quantities,Units,User,Contacts,Projects,Qualityindicators,Interpretation,GlobalparameterandReference,Citation.However,allfurthersub-divisionscanbemodified.TheGaBiDBManagerisanextremelyimportanttoolfortheusersasitprovidesdirectaccesstoalldataobjects(assumingthecorrespondinguserrightshavebeenassigned).
1.1.1dialogelementtable
GaBitablesgenerallyconsistofrows,rowheaders,columnsandcolumnheaders.Allentriesinarowbelongtogether.Columnheaderscontainanamedescribingthecolumn.Tablesareinputandoutputelementsofadialogwindowwithinputsubjecttoatypevaliditycheck.Rangesofatablecanbeselected.Thecurrentselectioncanberemoved,cut,copied,andpasted,withtheinsertoperationtriggeringatypevaliditycheck.Tablescanalsobesorted.
WorkingwithTables:
Navigatinginatable:
Individualcellsofalistcanbeaccessedusingthearrowortabbuttonorbyusingthemouse.
Modifyingthe
fieldentry:
Keyboardinputordouble-clickingwiththemousewillswitchatabletoeditingmode.TheENTERkey,arrowkeysoramouseclickonanothercellalsoswitchesatabletonavigationmodeandtriggersatypevaliditycheck
Discardingchange:
PresstheESCkeytodiscardthecurrentchangeoftheactivecellandrestorethecell'soriginalcontent.
Newtableentries:
Tablesthatcanbeexpandedbytheuserwithnewentries(newrows)featureemptyrowsattheverybottom.Hereyoucanenternewinputandthetableautomaticallyaddsnewemptyrowstothebottom.
Markingranges:
Movethemouseoverseveralcellswhilekeepingthemousebuttondepressedtoselectarangeinthetable.
Cut:
Movesthecurrentselectiontotheclipboard.
Copy:
Copiesthecurrentselectiontotheclipboard.
Paste:
Pastesthecontentsoftheclipboardtotheactiveorselectedcell(s).
Sortingtables:
Tablescanbesortedbymeansofamouseclickonthecorrespondingcolumnheader.Clickagainonthecolumnheadertogeneratethereversesortorder.Amouseclickonthefieldinthetopleft-handcornerofatablecreatesasortusingthedefaultsortfieldforthetable.
1.1.2listofwindows
TheGaBisystemfeaturesaMultiDisplayInterface(MDI).Thismeansthattheuserinterfaceconsistsofseveralapplicationwindowsopenedatonce.Individualwindowsthushaveabuttonusedtoaccessthelistofcurrentlyopenwindows.
UsethislisttoviewthenamesandsymbolsofthecurrentlyopenwindowsoftheGaBisystem.SelectthelistentrybyclickingonitandselectOKoryoumaydouble-clickonentryaswell.
1.1.3objectdocumentation
Additionalinformationisofgreatsignificancetothetransparencyofalifecyclemodel(oraphasewithin).Assumptions,cut-offcriteria,dataoriginandmanyotherfactorsarenecessarytoobtainreliablebalancingresults.TheGaBisystemthereforeoffersanobjectdocumentationfunction.
Externaldocumentation:
EachobjectwindowintheGaBisystemhasabuttonlinkingtothedocumentationfile.Byclickingthisbutton,theusercanaccessthedocumentationwindow.Itispossibletosetupreferencestoanyfiles(e.g.MS-Worddocuments,PowerPoint,Excelfiles,etc.).Inthisway,usersareabletodocumentGaBiobjectsaccordingtotheirpreferences.
Commandbuttons:
(Fromtoptobottom)
Open
Opensanyapplicationtoedittheselectedfile.
New
Opensthefileselectiondialogboxforcreatinganewreference.
Change
Opensthefileselectiondialogboxtomodifyanexistingreference.
Delete
Deletesanexistingreference.
Save
Saveschangesinthedatabase.
OK
Closesthedialogandsavesthechanges.
SpecialFeatures:
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