普通高等学校招生全国统一考试山东模拟卷一英语试题.docx

普通高等学校招生全国统一考试山东模拟卷一英语试题.docx

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普通高等学校招生全国统一考试山东模拟卷一英语试题

2020届普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（山东模拟卷一）英语试题

学校:

___________姓名：

___________班级：

___________考号：

___________

一、阅读选择

Stillseekingadestinationforyourweekendbreak?

Therearesomeplaceswhichareprobablyamerewalkawayfromyourcollege.

King’sArtCentre

AdayattheCentrecouldmeanavisittoanexhibition（展览）oftheworkofoneofthemostinterestingcontemporaryartistsonshowanywhere.Thisweekendseestheopeningofanexhibitionoffourlocalartists.

Youcouldattendaclassteachingyouhowto‘learnfromthemasters’orgetmorecreativewithpaint—freeofcharge.

TheCentrealsorunstwolifedrawingclassesforwhichthereisasmallfee.

TheBotanicGarden

TheGardenhasover8,000plantspecies;itholdstheresearchandteachingcollectionoflivingplantsforCambridgeUniversity.

Themulti-branchedTorchAloehereisimpressive.TheAfricanplantproducesredflowersaboveblue-greenleaves,andisnotonetomiss.

GettothedisplayhousetoseeDianaeamuscipula,aplantmorecommonlyknownastheVenusFlytrapthatfeedsoninsectsandothersmallanimals.

TheGardenisalsoaplaceforwildlife-enthusiasts（热爱者）.Lookforgrasssnakesinthelake.Asnakecalled‘HissingSid’isregularlyseenlyingintheheatofthewarmsun.

Byron’sPool

ManystoriessurroundLardByron’stimeasastudentofCambridgeUniversity.Arrivingin1805,hewrotealettercomplainingthatitwasaplaceof“messanddrunkenness”.However,itseemsasthoughByrondidmanagetopassthetimepleasantlyenough.I’mnotjusttalkingaboutthepetbearhekeptinhisrooms.Hespentagreatdealoftimewalkinginthevillage.

ItisalsosaidthatononeoccasionByronswamnakedbymoonlightinthelake,whichisnowknownasByron’sPool.AcoupleofmilespastGrantchesterinthesouthCambridgeshirecountryside,thepoolissurroundedbybeautifulcircularpathsaroundthefields.Thecriesofinvisiblebirdsmakethetripalovelyexperienceandonthewayhomeyoucandropintothevillageforafternoontea.Ifyoudon’ttrustme,thenperhapsyou’lltakeitfromVirginiaWoolf-overacenturyafterByron,shereportedlytookatriptoswiminthesamepool.

1．Asismentionedinthepassage,thereisasmallchargefor________.

A．attendingthemasters’classB．workingwithlocalartists

C．learninglifedrawingD．seeinganexhibition

2．“TorchAloe”and“VenusFlytrap”are________.

A．commoninsectsB．impressiveplants

C．rarely-seensnakesD．wildlife-enthusiasts

3．WecanlearnfromthepassagethatByronseemed________.

A．tofearpetbearsB．tolikewalking

C．tobeaheavydrinkerD．tofinishuniversityin1805

TradersdesperatetoavoidowningoilfledthemarketsonApril27,2020,sendingcrude（JM油）futuresintonegativeterritoryforthefirsttimeever,inrecognitionthattheCOVID-19pandemichasweakeneddemandforfuelandthereisnotenoughstorageforthemassiveglut（供过于求）ofoilpresentonUSsoil.

InvestorssoldtheMayfuturescontractduetoexpire（期满）onTuesdayinaseriesofwaves.Atonepoint,thecontracthitnegative$40.Whenthetradingstopped,crudeoilhadfinishedthedayatanegative$37.63abarrel,adeclineofsome305percent,or$55.90abarrel.

Thatunwantedoilisinsteadgoingintostorage,butintheUnitedStates,storageisfillingupmuchmorequicklythanexpected.Cushing,Oklahoma,thetinytownoflessthan10,000peoplethatservesasthemainUSstoragecentre,was70percentfullasoflastweek,andtraderssayitwillbefullwithintwoweeks.

Thepricedeclineisgoodnewsfordriverspullinguptothepumpforafill-up,butbadnewsforhydraulicfrackerswhoneedhighercrudeoilpricesofabout$30to$40abarreltooperateprofitably.

USstocksdroppedonMondayasinvestorssurveyedtheeconomicdamageandconsideredgloomyprospectsforasustainedreboundasoilpriceshitthebottomofthebarrel.

OnMonday,theDowJonesIndustrialAveragelost2.44percent,andclosedat23,650.44.TheS&P500slipped1.79percent,whiletheNasdaqCompositefell1.03percent.

4．Tradersfledtheoilmarketsbecauseof________.

A．theCOVID-19pandemicB．nodemandforfuel

C．sufficientstoragefortheglutofoilD．noinvestment

5．WhatdoestheunderlinedwordmeaninParagraph5?

A．Hopeful.B．Great.C．Poor.D．Little.

6．What'sthemainideaofthispassage?

A．TheeffectsofthenegativeUSoilprice.

B．ThefactsofUSstocks.

C．ThereactiontothenegativeUSoilprice.

D．ThesituationofthenegativeUSoilprice.

7．Fromwhichpartofthenewspaperisthepassageprobablytaken?

A．Scienceandtechnology.B．Economy.

C．Health.D．Culture.

ThefirstorganizedsystemforsendingmessagesbeganinEgyptaround1500B．C．ThissystemdevelopedbecausethepharaohsfrequentlyneededtosendmessagesupanddowntheNileRiverinordertokeeptheirempirerunningsmoothly.Later,thePersiansdevelopedamoreefficientsystemforsendingmessagesusingmenandhorses.MessagescarriersrodealongtheroadsystemstretchingfromoneendofthePersianEmpiretotheother.Alongtheseroads,freshmenandhorseswaitedatspecialstationstotakeandpassalonganymessagesthatneededtobesent.Thestationswhereriderspassedmessagesbackandforthwerebuilt23kilometersapart,sothemenandhorseswereabletotravelquicklybetweenthem.TheRomanslatertookuphisideaandimproveditbyusingamoreadvancedandextensiveroadsystem.

InChina,however,KublaiKhanhadbuiltuphisownsystemfordeliveringmessages.ThissystemworkedinthesamebasicwayastheRomansystem.ThedifferencewasthatKublaiKhankept300,000horsesalongtheroadsofthisdeliverylines.Therewereover10,000stationswhereamessagewouldbepassedfromoneridertoanotherwithafreshhorse.Inthisway,KublaiKhancouldreceivemessagesfromanywhereinthecountryinonlyafewdays.

Itwasnotuntilthe1500sthatawell-organizedpostalsystemappearedagaininEurope.Onefamily,thevonTaxisfamily,gainedtherighttodelivermailfortheHolyRomanEmpireandpartsofSpain.Thisfamilycontinuedtocarrymail,bothgovernmentandprivate,throughoutEuropeforalmost300years.

In1653,aFrenchman,RenouarddeVelayer,establishedasystemfordeliveringpostinParis.Postalchargesatthattimewerepaidbytherecipient,butdeVelayer'ssystemwasuniquebyallowingthesendertopre-paythecharges,inasimilarwaytothemodernstamp.Unfortunately,deVelayer'ssystemcametoanendwhenjealouscompetitorsputlivemiceinhisletterboxes,ruininghisbusiness.Eventually,government-controlledpostalsystemstookoverfromprivatepostalbusinesses,andbythe1700sgovernmentownershipofmostpostalsystemsinEuropewasanacceptedfactoflife.

Thethingthatalltheseearlysystemshadincommonwasthattheywerequiteexpensiveforpublicuse,andwereintendedforusebythegovernmentandthewealthy.However,in1840,aBritishschoolteachernamedRolandHillsuggestedintroducingpostagestamps,andapostalratebasedonweight.Thisresultedinloweringpostalrates,encouragingmorepeopletousethesystemtostayintouchwitheachother,HisideahelpedtheBritishpostalsystembegintoearnprofitsasearlyas1850.SoonafterthatmanyothercountriestookupMr.Hill'sidea.Andletterwritingbecameaccessibletoanyonewhocouldwrite.Today,theRolandHillawardsaregiveneachyearto"encourageandrewardfreshideaswhichhelppromotephilately"（stampcollecting）.

8．Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?

A．Howinternationalletterstravel.B．Asurprisingmethodfordeliveringmail.

C．Thehistoryofpostalsystems.D．Changesinthemethodsofcommunication.

9．WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutRenouarddeVelayeristrue?

A．Hiswasagovernment-controlledsystem.

B．Hiscompetitorsdestroyedhisbusiness.

C．Hissystemlastedforhundredsofyears.

D．Inhissystem,thepersonwhoreceivedtheletterpaidthepostagefees.

10．Whichofthesystemsmentionedinthepassagewasmostlikethepostalsystemtoday?

A．Egyptian.B．Chinese.

C．deVelayer's.D．vonTaxis's.

11．WhatwasRolandHill'sgreatestachievement?

A．Hemadeletterwritingaccessibletotheaverageperson.

B．HemadealotofmoneyfortheBritishpostalsystem.

C．Hemadestampcollectingapopularhobby.

D．Hewonanawardforletterwriting.

TheIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChangereleasedareportstatingthattheworldisquicklyrunningoutoftimetokeepglobalwarmingbelow1.5degreesCelsius.Togetthere,theworldwouldhavetocutcurrentemissionsby45percentby2030.Thatsoundsabsurdlyunlikely.

Butbeforewegiveintodespair,weshouldrememberthatthetechnologytoaddressclimatechangeisgoingalongatahighspeed.ThelargestsourceofU.S.carbonemissionsistransportation,andaGreenNewDealformotorvehicleswouldbequitestraightforward.

Thereasonissimple:

withsomesubsidies（补贴）,electriccarsandbusesarenowcost-competitivewithfossil-fuelvehicles.Electricbuseshavemadethegreatestspeedintothemarket,becausetheyarealogicalchoiceforelectrification.Bytheendof2018,electricvehiclesweredisplacingabout280.000barrelsofoildemandperday——about84percentofwhichwasduetobuses.

Buttheelectriccarmarketisalsoreachingmaturity（成熟）,withappealingdesigns,longerrange,andaquickly-expandingrapidchargingnetworkinmanycountries.It’sworthemphasizingthatmostoftheinfrastructure（基础设施）necessarytorechargeelectricvehiclesalreadyexists.Peopleoftentendtoassumethatwewouldneedtoreplaceeverygasstation,butvirtuallyallhomesandbusinessesalreadyhaveanelectricalconnectionwhichcanbeeasilyimprovedforfastcharging.Allthatisneededtogofullyele