英语二模考卷.docx
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英语二模考卷.docx
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英语二模考卷
2013年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试
英语二
考生须知
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2013年管理类专业学位全国联考
SectionIUseofEnglish
Directions:
Readthefollowingtext.ForeachnumberedblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.ChoosethebestoneandmarkyouransweronANSWERSHEET1.(10points)
Animportantfactorofleadershipisattraction.Thisdoesnotmeanattractivenessintheordinarysense,forthatisabornquality1ourcontrol.Theleaderhas,nevertheless,tobeamagnet;acentralfiguretowardswhompeopleare2.Magnetisminthatsensedepends,firstofall,3beingseen.Thereisatypeofauthoritywhichcanbe4frombehindcloseddoors,butthatisnotleadership.5thereismovementandaction,thetrueleadersisintheforefrontandmayseem,indeed,tobeeverywhereatonce.Hehastobecomealegend;the6foranecdotes,whethertrueor7;character.Oneofthesimplestdevicesistobeabsent8theoccasionwhentheleadermightbe9tobethere,enoughinitselftostartarumoraboutthevitalbusiness10hasdetainedhim.To11upforthis,hecanappealwhenleastexpected,givingrisetoanotherstoryabouttheinteresthecandisplay12thingswhichotherfolksmight
13astrivial.Withthisgiftfor14curiositytheleaderalwayscombinesareluctancetotalkabouthimself.Hisinterestis15inotherpeople;hequestionsthemandencouragesthemtotalkandthenremembersall16isrelevant.Heneverleavesaparty17hehasmentallyfieldaminimumdossier(档案)on18present,ensuringthatheknows19tosaywhenhemeetsthemagain.Heisnotartificiallyextrovertbuthewouldusuallyratherlisten20talk.Othersrealizegraduallythathisimportanceneedsnoproof.
1.[A]in[B]beyond[C]under[D]of
2.[A]united[B]dragged[C]drawn[D]hauled
3.[A]at[B]in[C]about[D]on
4.[A]looked[B]recognized[C]exercised[D]respected
5.[A]Where[B]Though[C]Because[D]When
6.[A]minorrole[B]subject[C]joke[D]supplement
7.[A]incorrect[B]wrong[C]false[D]bad
8.[A]in[B]on[C]at[D]under
9.[A]refused[B]suspected[C]expelled[D]expected
10.[A]which[B]when[C]what[D]where
11.[A]take[B]make[C]come[D]give
12.[A]on[B]in[C]about[D]at
13.[A]look[B]think[C]view[D]deal
14.[A]decreasing[B]possessing[C]inspiring[D]urging
15.[A]directly[B]obscurely[C]scarcely[D]plainly
16.[A]which[B]that[C]what[D]one
17.[A]after[B]when[C]until[D]before
18.[A]someone[B]everyone[C]men[D]one
19.[A]when[B]where[C]which[D]what
20.[A]and[B]or[C]than[D]but
SectionIIReadingComprehension
PartA
Directions:
Readthefollowingpassages.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachpassagebychoosingABCorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)
Passage1
YOUNGERAmericanswillhavetotakeourwordforit:
therewasatime,waybackwhenRonaldReaganwaspresident,whenyourcountrymenorderedcoffeebysimplyaskingfor“coffee”.Orderinga“ventiskinnychailatte”ora“grandechocolatecookiecrumblefrappuccino”wouldhaveearned,atbest,ablankstare.
ButthatwasbeforeHowardSchultztookStarbucksfromasinglecoffeehouseindowntownSeattletoachainwithmorethan17,000shopsin55countries.Thechaingrewsoquickly,andinsomeareasseemedsoubiquitous,thatasearlyas1998aheadlineinTheOnion,asatiricalAmericannewspaper,joked,“NewStarbucksOpensinRestRoomofExistingStarbucks”.Aftersufferingthroughleanyearsin2008and2009,thecompanyisagaingoingstrong.Inthe2011fiscalyearthecompanyserved60mcustomersperweek—morethanever.Italsohaditshighest-everearnings-per-share($1.62)andglobalnetrevenue($11.7billion).
Yetin2011Starbucksdecidedtodoawaywithsomethingimportant:
itdroppedtheword“Coffee”fromitslogo.WhilecoffeeremainsascentraltoStarbucks’sbusinessandidentityashamburgersaretoMcDonald’s,thecompany’srecentAmericanacquisitionshavemoveditbeyondcoffee.InNovember2011itacquiredEvolutionFresh,asmallCalifornia-basedjuicecompany,for$30m,givingthecompanyafootholdinAmerica’s$1.6-billionhigh-endjuicemarket.AndinJuneStarbucksboughtabakery,BayBread,anditsLaBoulange-brandedcafes,for$100m.Starbucks’scustomers“haveneverbeenassatisfiedwithourfoodasourcoffee,”explainedTroyAlstead,Starbucks’schieffinancialofficer.
OnNovember14thStarbucksmadeitlargestacquisitionyet,buyingTeavana,anAtlanta-basedtearetailer,for$620m.Thisisnotthefirm’sfirstspreadintotheteamarket—itsstoresselltea,ofcourse,anditboughtTazo,ateamanufactureranddistributor,backin1999—butitisbyfaritsboldest.WhenStarbucksboughtTazoitwassimplyabrand,butTeavanahassome300shops,largelymall-based,throughoutNorthAmerica.MrAlsteadhopesthatscalewillallowStarbucks“todoforteawhatwedidforcoffee.”
Thismayseem,astheysayatStarbucks,atallorder.Americansdrinkfarmorecoffeethantea.In2011theaveragecoffeeconsumptionwas9.39poundsperperson,whileteawasasmall0.9pounds.Thatsaid,since1980America’scoffeeconsumptionhasfallen,andisforecasttofallfurther.Consumptionoftea,ontheotherhand,hasgrown,andisforecasttokeepgrowing—perhapsbenefitingfromtheperceptionthatithashealthbenefitsthatcoffeelacks,perhapsdrivenpartlybyimmigrationfromtea-drinkingcountries.TheTeaAssociationoftheUSAputthevalueoftheteamarketinAmericaat$8.2billionin2011,upfrom$1.8billionjust20yearsearlier,andforecaststhatitwillnearlydoubleinvalueagainby2014.Thesharpestgrowthwillcomefromteathatisgreen—whichalsohappenstobethecolourofmoneyandthelogoofStarbucks.
21.By"ordering...wouldhaveearnedablankstare"(Paragraph1),theauthormeans.
[A]therewerefewertypesofcoffeeonoffer[B]peoplehadstrongpreferencetocoffee
[C]coffeeusednottobeinpopularity[D]coffeehousewasfilledwithmorepeople
22.ThejokeinTheOnionisintendedtoshow_____.
[A]theextensiveinfluenceofStarbucks
[B]thefastpenetrationofcoffeeshops
[C]thehugeprofitearnedinsellingcoffee
[D]theunlimitedexpansionofStarbucks
23."Coffee"isdeletedfromStarbucks'logomainlybecause______.
[A]itscoffeewasnotservedaswellasothergoods
[B]customers'otherdemandsshouldbemetaswell
[C]juicewasprovenamoreprofitablemarketthancoffee
[D]breadmightbethepriorityfoodwithmostcustomers
24.Inparagraph4,thepurchaseofTeavanawasregardedas"theboldest"because_.
[A]Starbuckscouldtakeadvantageofitswidedistributionnetwork
[B]TeavanaisthelargestteasellerinthewholeNorthAmericaarea
[C]ItisthefirstchanceStarbuckshaseverhadintheteamarket
[D]TeasellingwouldposethegreatestchallengetoStarbucks'business
25.Whichofthefollowingisthereasonforteamarketriseaccordingtothelastparagraph?
[A]thegreencolorofteaisasignofgoodfortune
[B]thenumberofcoffeedrinkersisonthedecline
[C]newimmigrantspreferteatocoffeeingeneral
[D]teaismoreoftenassociatedwithhumanhealth
Passage2
Twiceinthepastfouryearssurgesinthepriceofoilhavehittheworldeconomy.In2008thecostofabarrelofBrentcrudesoaredto$147,enfeeblingglobalgrowthevenbeforethefinancialcrisiskilledit.AyearagosupplydisruptionsfromLibyasentthepriceto$127,enoughtostallAmerica'sbeginningrecovery.Withoilnowbackabove$120abarrel,andtensionswithIranrunninghigh,theworriesareback.Willanoilshock,onceagain,upendtheglobaleconomy?
Fornow,theanswerisno.Thecostofcrudeisbackwhereitcausedtroubleinthepast.Butglobalgrowthisaffectedlessbytheleveloftheoilpricethantherateofitsrise.Andsofarthatrisehasbeenmoremodest.Abarrelofcrudecostssome15%morethanitdidatthebeginningoftheyear.Inthefirstthreemonthsof2011,theoilpricesurgedbyalmost35%.
Entirelyaresultofactualorfearedproblemswithsupply.Outputdisruptionshaveindeedpushedupprices.Rich-countryoilstocksareatafive-yearlowandSaudiArabia,theonlyOPECproducerwithsignificantsparecapacity,isalreadypumpingatanear-recordrate.Butpartoftherecentriseisdemand-related.Theworldeconomylookslessfragilethanitdidatthebeginningoftheyear,astheoddsofanimminenteurocatastrophehavediminishedandAmerica'srecoverylookstobeonstrongerground.Theoptimismaboutglobalgrowththathasboostedsharepriceshasalsobuoyedtheoilprice.
Still,thisisnocauseforcomplacency.Oneobviousriskisthatworriesaboutsupplyincrease,especiallyifrelationswithIrandeterioratetothepointofanIranianattempttoclosetheStraitofHormuz.EvenifAmerica'snavyensuredthatsuchaclosuredidnotlastlong,thepotentialdisruptionwouldbegreat:
thepriceofoilroseby80%intheinitialstagesofthefirstGulfwar.Anoilpriceof$200isyetanotherreasonforAmericatosteerIsraelawayfromanattack.
Asecondriskisthateconomicpolicymakersoverreacteventotherelativelymodestpricerisessofar.TheEuropeanCentralBank(ECB)tendstoworrymoreabouttheinflationaryimpactofdeareroilthanotherrich-worldcentralbanksdo,notleastbecausemorewagesinEuropeareautomaticallyindexedtoinflation.Lastyearitraisedinterestratesinresponsetocostlieroil,hardlyhelpingitsweakeconomies.Withoutputintheeurozoneshrinking,theECBisunlikelytorepeatthaterror.Thedangerthistimeisthattheriseinoilpriceswilldeteritfromeasi
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