山东省普通高中学业水平等级考试模拟英语试题.docx
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山东省普通高中学业水平等级考试模拟英语试题.docx
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山东省普通高中学业水平等级考试模拟英语试题
山东省2020年普通高中学业水平等级考试(模拟)
英语试题
本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。
满分150分。
考试用时120分钟。
注意事项:
1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上。
写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
AmsterdamDestinationGuide
Amsterdamisoneofthemostpopulartraveldestinationsintheworld,famousforitsbeautifulcanals,topartmuseumsandcyclingculture.HerearesomekeypointsforyourtriptoAmsterdam.
Must—SeeAttractions
BeginwiththeOldCentre,whichisfulloftraditionalarchitecture,shoppingcenters,andcoffeeshops.Don'tmisstheDamSquareandtheareasaroundSpuiandNieuwmarkt.You'11alsowantcheckoutAmsterdam'sMuseumQuarterintheSouthDistrict,whichisgreatforshoppingattheAlbertCuypMarketandhavingapicnicintheVondelpark.ThetopmuseumstovisitaretheRijksmusuem,theAnnFrankHouse,andtheVanGoghMuseum.IfYouHaveTime
TheCanalRingisaUNESCOWorldHeritageSitethatwasoriginallybuilttoattractwealthyhomeownersandisaplaceforcelebrityspottingandnightlifetoday.TheP1antageareahasmostofthecity'smuseums,includingtheJewishHistoricalMuseum,theScheepvaartMuseum,andthebotanicalgardens.
Transportation
AmsterdamAirportSchipholislocatedabout15kilometerssouthwestofcitycenter.You
cancatchatrainfromSchipholtoAmsterdamCentralStation,whichhasmanyconnectingroutes.Parkingisdifficultinthecitycenter,socyclingisincrediblypopularhere,andit'seasytofindcheapbikerentalsaroundtown.
MoneySavingTips
Unlessyoureallywanttoseethetulipsblooming,avoidbookingbetweenmid-Marchandmid-May.Thisiswhenhotelandflightpricessurge.
LookforaccommodationsinAmsterdam'sSouthDistrict,whereratesaregenerallycheaperthaninthecitycenter.
Buytrainticketsatthemachineinsteadofthecountertosaveabitofmoney.
1.
Wherecanvisitorshaveapicnic?
A.
TheOldCentre.
B.
TheMuseumQuarter.
C.
TheVondelpark
D.
ThePlantagearea.
2.
Whyiscyclingsopopularinthecitycenter?
A.
It'sdifficulttoparkcarsthere.
B.
Ithastoomanyconnectingroutes.
C.
It'stoofarfromtheairport.
D.
It'sverycheaptopurchaseabike.
3.
Howcanvisitorssavemoneyaccordingtotheauthor'sadvice?
A.
BookinginMid—April.
B.
Buyingtrainticketsatthecounter.
C.
Parkinginthecitycenter.
D.
BookinghotelintheSouthDistrict.
B
Fiveyearsago,Yellow-Purpletoreaflexortendon(屈肌腱),makingitdifficulttouseherleftleg.Thelittlepenguinwashavingahardtimewalkingandswimming.
Yellow—PurpleliveswithalargegroupofAfricanpenguinsatMysticAquariuminMystic,Connecticut.Africanpenguinsareanendangeredspecies.Theyarebeautiful,blackandwhitebirdsthatareabouttwofeettallwhenfullygrown,andtheyareverypopularwiththeAquarium'svisitors.
ThestaffattheAquariummadealittlesupportbootforYellow—Purplefromplastic.Thissupportedherleftankleandmadeitmucheasierforhertodoallthethingsthatpenguinsliketodo.Yellow—Purplewasgettingalongfinewithherboot,butthenDr.JenFlower,ChiefClinicalVeterinarianatMysticAquarium,heardabout3Dprintingtechnology.Shedecidedtouseittohelpbettertheboot.
Luckily,MysticAquarium'sVicePresidentofEducation&Conservation,KellyMarls,2
knewthatMysticMiddleSchoolhadrecentlyacquireda3DSystemsprinter.Kellyreachedouttotheschoolandarrangedameeting.SuePrince,LibraryMediaSpecialistatMysticMiddleSchool,andsevenmiddleschoolstudentsvisitedYellow-Purpletolearnwhatwasneeded,andthencontactedthesupplieroftheir3Dprinter,ACTGroup.
WithACTGroup'shelp,thestudentslearnedhowtoscanYellow—Purple'sexistingfootcast,thenusethatdatatocreateamoreefficientbootwithsculptingsoftware.Thefinalbootdesignwasprintedona3Dprinterusingmultiplematerials,allowingtheboottobeflexibleenoughforcomfortablemovement,yethardenoughtosupporttheinjuredtendon.
Thestudentswerethrilledwhen
they
sawYellow—Purplewalkingalmostbackto
normal.Itwasagreatwaytoputscienceintopractice.CelebritieslikeAshtonKutchershared
Yellow—Purple'sstoryonFacebook,
inspiringmorethan1.5millioncombinedviews.
4.
WhatcanwelearnaboutAfricanpenguins?
A.
Theyareverylargeinnumber.
B
.Theyaredangerousspecies.
C.
Theyarebeautifulwhenyoung.
D
.Theyareattractivetovisitors.
5.
Whocameupwiththeideaofanupdatedsupportboot?
A.
TheACTGroup.
B
.Dr.JenFlower.
C.
KellyMatis.
D
.SuePrince
6.
WhatpreparationworkwasdonebeforethestudentsgottheACTGroup'shelp?
A.
Theyreachedschoolontime.
B
.Theyheldameetingtodiscusstheproblem.
C.
TheypaidavisittoYellow—Purple.
D
.TheycontactedtheACTGroupforsupplies.
7.
Whatisthebesttitleforthistext?
A.
Thedevelopmentof3Dprinting
B.
Apenguinbenefitingfromhigh-tech
C.
Anefforttoputscienceintopractice
D.
Asoftwarethatcandesign
C
Wespendathirdofouradultlives
workingandanotherbigpartpreparingforour
careers.Historically,workwasrarelyseenasasourceofmeaningandpurpose.Duringthevastmajorityofour300,000-yearhumanevolution(进化),workwasinfactprettysimple.Weworkedtoeatandavoidbeingeaten.Meaningandpurposecamefromsomewhereelse,likespirituality,art,religion,orscience.
Theideathatwearemeanttofindmeaningatworkortofindworkmeaningful—isarathermodern,ifnotpostmodern,invention.Onlyonehundredyearsagoitwouldhavebeenfrequenttoseeaworkerwhoreturnedfromatypicalworkdayatafactorycomplaintotheirfolksthattheydidn'tearnmuchortheywerewornoutandraretoseethattheycomplaintheydidn'texperiencaesenseofpurpose.
Similarly,theideathatweoughttobringour“wholeself”toworkisaprettynovelandrecentformofcareeradvice.ItsoriginscanbetracedtoWilliamKahnwhoinventedtheconceptofemployeeengagement30yearsago.Hispointwasthatemployeesdifferinthedegreetowhichtheyidentifywiththeirworkrole.Someseeworkasmerelyajobandclockinandouteveryday,withoutbringingtheirwholeselftowork.Workisjustnotacoreaspectoftheiridentity,andtheirconceptofthemselvesisbuiltonothersocialcategorieslikemother,husband,American,Christian,captainofthelocalsoccerteam,etc.
Others,however,haveverylowpsychologicaldistancewiththeirworkrole,seeingitasessentiallyintertwined(交融的)withwhotheyare.Theydon'tjustcometowork,theyarefullydevotedtotheircareersandhaveaspiritualtypeofconnectionwiththeirjobs.Theyare,itseems,almostpossessedbyworkandarethetypeofworkaholics(工作狂)mostcompanieslongfor.
8.Whydidwespendmuchofouradultlivesworking?
A.Toprepareforfuturecareers.B.Tofindthewatersources.
C.Tohelpusevolve.D.Tomakeussurvive.
9.Whydidthewritermentiontheworkeracentury,ago?
A.Tohelpusfindmeaningatwork.B.Toprovethattheideawasmodern.C.Toshowusthebadolddays.
D.Tocomplainabouttheexperience.
10.WhichofthefollowingmightWilliamKahnagreewith?
A.Employeeshavedifferentunderstandingsabouttheirworkrole.
B.Everyemployeemustbringtheirwholeselftowork.
C.Tobedevotedtoworkisaprettynovelidea.
D.Workers'coreidentityisbuiltonartcategories.
11.Whatkindofemployeesdomostcompaniesfavour?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Thosewhoseeworkasajob.
Thosewhoidentifywiththeirworkrole
Thosewhoarefullydevotedtotheirwork
Thosewhopossessexperience.
Wearingaheadsettoplayavirtual-realitygameisfun.Asyoumoveyourheadaround,youcanseethescenefromdifferentangles.You'reinafakeenvironmentthatseemssoreal.ButthepowerofVRmaygowellbeyondentertainment.Itjustmighthelppeoplewhosufferfromlongtimeofpain,anewstudyfinds.
“IfVRcanreducesometypesofpain,itcouldbecomeanewcurewithfewersideeffectsthandrugs,”saysSamHughes,apsychologistatImperialCollegeLondon.“Anditwouldbe1essexpensive.”
Hughes'groupstudiesboneandmusclepain.Oneexampleissciatica.Sciaticaisaformofpaindoctorscallchronicpain,whichisdifferentfromthehurtyoufeelwhenyouhityourkneeagainstatableorputyourhandinveryhotwater.Itisfairlylong-1ivedpainandmayevenspreadfromaninitialsitetootherbodyparts.
Theresearcherstestedthepain-alteringeffectofvirtualreality.Eachvolunteeracceptedsomeformoftemporarypain.Thepaincamefromaspecialcreamappliedtotheskin.Thecreamcontainedcapsaicin.It'thechemicalinhotpeppersthatburnsyourmouth.
Theythenshowedthevolunteersamovie.Eachvolunteerwouldseethemovietwice—oncein3D,whilewearingaVRheadset,andonceonanormal2Dscreen.Theresearchersrandomlydecidedforeachvolunteerwhethertheywatchedthe2Dor3Dversionfirst.Usingthe2DmovieasthecomparisonallowedthemtoisolatetheeffectofVR.WatchingthemovieinVRreducedthepainintheskinareabetterthandidviewingthemoviein2D.VRhelped
themtoleratemorepainintheareaofthecreamedskin.However,thatpainreductionendedafewminutesafterremovingtheVRheadsets.TheresearcherswonderedhowwellVRmightreduceothertypesofpain.
12.What'soneoftheadvantagesofVRtoreducepain?
A.It'smuchsafer.B.It'smoreconvenient.
C.It'smuchf
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