版高考英语大一轮必考知识点复习Book 2Unit 4.docx
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版高考英语大一轮必考知识点复习Book 2Unit 4.docx
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版高考英语大一轮必考知识点复习Book2Unit4
Ⅰ.读句品词——阅读下列句子,写出加黑单词的词性及汉语意思
1.Iftheirhabitatisthreatenedortheycannotfindenoughfood,theirnumbersmaydecrease.
n.栖息地
2.Thatonemistakeseriouslyendangeredthefutureofthecompany.vt.危害;使受到危险
3.However,theyknowthatthefarmersareverypoorandneedtohaveasecureincome.n.收入
4.Insectisoftenusedtorefertoothersmallcreatures,forexamplespiders.n.昆虫
5.Somescientiststhinkitcameafteranunexpectedincidentwhenahugerockfromspacehittheearthandputtoomuchdustintotheair.n.事变;事故
Ⅱ.语境填词
背一背
1.protectionn.保护
2.decreasevi.&vt.减少;(使)变小或变少
3.lossn.损失;遗失;丧失
4.certainadj.确定的;某一;一定
5.affectvt.影响;感动;侵袭
6.attentionn.注意;关注;注意力
7.reliefn.(痛苦或忧虑的)减轻或解除;减轻痛苦的事物
练一练 [从左栏中选择合适的单词并用其正确形式填空]
1.Iknowyoutakegoodpicturesandyou’vealwayswantedtodosomethingforenvironmentalprotection.
2.Thenumberofnewstudentsdecreasedfrom210to160thisyearduetothedeclineinthebirthrate.
3.Withthegovernment’said,thoseaffectedbytheearthquakehavemovedtothenewsettlements.
4.Laterheturnedhisattentiontothedesperatestateofhousinginthecityandhelpedtosolvetheproblem.
5.Hemayneedtimetorecoverfromthelossofalovedpet.
Ⅲ.拓展提升
背一背
1.huntvt.&vi.打猎;猎取;搜寻→huntingn.打猎;搜索→huntern.猎人
2.respondvi.回答;响应;做出反应→responsen.回答;响应
3.distantadj.远的;远处的→distancen.远方
4.containvt.包含;容纳;容忍→containern.容器
5.appreciatevt.鉴赏;感激;意识到→appreciationn.欣赏;感激;理解
6.succeedvi.成功vt.接替;继任→successn.成功→successfuladj.成功的
7.employvt.雇用;利用(时间、精力等)→employeen.雇员,雇工→employern.雇主→employmentn.雇用;使用;就业
8.harmn.&vt.损害;危害→harmfuladj.有害的→harmlessadj.无害的
练一练 [用所给单词的正确形式填空]
1.Thehunteragreedtotakeustogohuntingtomorrow.(hunt)
2.TheemployerdecidedtoemployTomashersecretaryandshehopedtohaveatalkwithheremployeebeforehecametowork.(employ)
3.Hesucceededtohisfather’sestateandeventuallybecameasuccessfulbusinessman.(succeed)
4.Iwouldappreciateitifyouhadappreciationofthedifficultieswefaced.(appreciate)
5.Notallbacteriaisharmful(harm)tousinlife,whichisobvious.
Ⅳ.选词填空
背一背
1.dieout灭亡;逐渐消失
2.inpeace和平地;和睦地;安详地
3.indanger(of)在危险中;垂危
4.inrelief如释重负;松了口气
5.burstintolaughter突然笑起来;大声笑了出来
6.protect...from保护……不受……(危害)
7.payattentionto注意
8.doharmto对……有害;损害……
9.comeintobeing/existence形成;产生
10.accordingto按照;根据……所说
练一练 [从左栏中选择合适的短语并用其正确形式填空]
1.Accordingtowhathesaid,hedidn’tgetwhathehadwanted.
2.Theylivedontheearthtensofmillionsofyearsago,longbeforehumanscameintobeing.
3.Weshouldpayattentiontoprotectingtheanimalswhichhavebeenendangered.
4.Moreandmoreanimalshavebeenhunted,someofwhicharedyingout.
5.Thedoctortheresaidthatshewouldbeindangerofdeathiftheinfectionspread.
6.Peopleofdifferentreligionshavelivedtogetherinpeaceforcenturiesinthiscountry.
Ⅴ.仿写运用
背一背
1.Itshowstheimportanceofwildlifeprotection,butI’dliketohelpastheWWFsuggests.
这体现了野生动植物保护的重要性,不过,我还是想按照世界野生生物基金会的建议来帮助你们。
2.Afterawhileshesawsomezebrawithblackandwhitelinesgoingbeneaththeirstomachs.
过了一会儿她看到了一些斑马,它们身上有一直延伸到腹部的黑白相间的条纹。
3.Theylearnedthisfromthewaytheboneswerejoinedtogether.
他们是根据(恐龙)骨骼的连接方式了解到这一点的。
练一练 [用左栏中的句式结构完成下列句子]
1.一天,他去那里买了一张CD,就像他每天做的那样。
(as)
Oneday,hewenttherebuyingaCDashedideveryday.
2.为完成这三项历史性的任务,我们中国人要坚定地继续奋斗。
(with复合结构)
Withthethreehistorictaskstoaccomplish,weChineseshouldkeeponworkingwithgreatdetermination.
3.他那样面对困难,我们敬佩他。
(theway+定语从句)
Weadmiredhimfortheway(that/inwhich)hefaceddifficulties.
1.名词+-y→形容词
(1)dust→dusty布满灰尘的
(2)health→healthy健康的
(3)luck→lucky幸运的
(4)dirt→dirty脏的
(5)thirst→thirsty口渴的
2.“远”不相同
(1)distantadj.遥远的;冷漠的
(2)faradj.远的;远端的
(3)remoteadj.远程的;遥远的
3.介词不同,意义有别
(1)inpeace和平地—atpeace处于和平状态
(2)withease容易地—atease安逸;自由自在
(3)inbusiness经营;准备就绪—onbusiness因公出差
(4)indemand需求大的—ondemand一经要求
(5)byname凭名字—inname名义上的
4.attention短语荟萃
(1)payattentionto注意
(2)callone’sattentionto提醒某人注意
(3)draw/catch/attractone’sattention引起某人的注意
(4)fix/focusone’sattentionon集中注意力于
(5)bringsth.toone’sattention使某人注意某事
containv.包含;容纳;控制;抑制
(1)containoneself克制自己;自制
(2)containern.容器
单句语法填空
(1)Thestadiumislargeenoughtocontain(contain)100thousandaudience.
(2)Beespeciallycarefulofinformationcontained(contain)inadvertisements.
(3)Hewassoexcitedthathecouldhardlycontainhimself(he).
易混辨析 contain,include
※contain包括,侧重“整体内有”,指在某一范围或容器内能容纳某物,不用于进行时。
※include包括,侧重被包含者只是整体中的一部分。
在句中常构成分词短语sth.included或includingsth.。
图解助记
用contain,include的正确形式填空
(4)Oursix-citytourincludesavisittoLondon.
(5)Thisbookcontainsalltheinformationyouneed.
(6)Thecontainercontainsmanykindsoffruits,includingapineapple/apineappleincluded.
Itcontainsalotofpicturestakenduringmychildhoodwhichkeeparecordofmybirthatthehospital,myfirstsmileandmyfirstwalk.这里面包含了我童年拍摄的许多照片,照片记录了我在医院出生的情况、我的第一次微笑和第一次走路。
affectv.影响;感动;(疾病)侵袭;使感染
(1)beaffectedby受……的影响;被……感动
beaffectedwith感染……疾病
(2)effectn.作用;影响
haveaneffect/influenceon对……产生影响
(3)affectionn.喜爱
单句语法填空
(1)Thebooktellsstoriesoftheearthquakethroughtheeyesofthosewhoseliveswereaffected(affect).
(2)Hearingthesadnews,shewasaffectedtotears.
(3)Affectedwithhighfever,hecontinuedwithhiswork.
句式升级
(4)Theaudiencewasdeeplyaffectedbythefilm,andtheycouldn’tholdbacktears.(用分词作状语)
Deeplyaffectedbythefilm,theaudiencecouldn’tholdbacktears.
熟词生义
(5)Thediseaseaffectsmanydifferentorgansofthebody.B
A.影响B.(疾病)侵袭 C.感动
Ifeelmuchaffectionformymum,whosewordsandactionshaveapositiveeffectonme.我深爱我的妈妈,她的言行对我有积极的影响。
appreciatev.欣赏,赏识;感激,感谢;理解;意识到
(1)appreciatedoing...欣赏/感激做……
Iwouldappreciateitif...假如……我将不胜感激。
(2)appreciationn.欣赏;感激;理解
inappreciationof欣赏;感激
单句语法填空
(1)Iappreciatebeinggiven(give)theopportunitytoworkinyourcompanytwoyearsago.
(2)Iwouldappreciateitifyoucoulddealwiththedifficultproblemforme.
(3)Pleaseacceptthisgiftinappreciation(appreciate)ofallyou’vedoneforus.
用法点拨
appreciate后不接不定式;其后只能接“事”作宾语,而不能接“人”作宾语;且其后不直接跟从句,需先接it,再接从句,类似用法的动词还有:
like,enjoy,hate,love,take,have等。
I’dappreciateitifyoucouldtakemytipsintoaccountandIdohopethatyourpaperwillmakeadifferencetoenvironmentalprotection.如果你考虑我的建议我将感激不尽,我的确希望你们的报纸对环境保护有所意义。
succeedvi.成功vt.接替;继任
(1)succeedindoingsth.成功地做某事
succeedsb.as接替某人成为……
(2)successfuladj.成功的
besuccessfulindoingsth.成功地做某事
(3)successn.[U]成功;成就;[C]成功的人或事
单句语法填空
(1)Hewillsucceedhisfatherasmanageroftheshop.Thatis,hewilltakechargeoftheshop.
(2)Hesucceededinpassing(pass)theentranceexaminationandwasadmittedtoHongKongUniversity.
(3)Success(succeed)consistsintheabilitytocontinueeffortsthroughfailures.
单句改错
(4)Finally,Iwishthisyear’sEnglishspeechcompetition
greatsuccess.
Thesayingtellsusthatifwewanttosucceedindoingsomething,weshouldnotonlyplancarefullybutalsoactitoutthoroughly.(2016·浙江,书面表达)
这句名言告诉我们,如果我们想取得成功,不仅要仔细计划,还要贯彻实施。
employv.雇用;利用(时间;精力等)
(1)employsb.todo...雇用某人做……
employ...as...雇用……当……
employoneselfindoingsth.从事于……,忙于……
beemployedindoingsth.从事于……,忙于……
(2)employmentn.雇用;职业;就业
outofemployment失业
(3)employern.雇主,老板
employeen.雇工,雇员
单句语法填空
(1)Forthepastthreeyearshehasbeenemployedasafirefighterinthefirestation.
(2)TheyemployanAndroidtowatch(watch)overthegatewhichcansendoutsignalswhenanincidentarises.
(3)Johnhasbeenoutofemployment(employ)forthreeyearsandthesedaysheishuntingforajobtosupporthisfamily.
句式升级
(4)Hewasemployedinreadingandhedidn’tseeTomcomein.
①Employedinreading,hedidn’tseeTomcomein.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
②Employinghimselfinreading,hedidn’tseeTomcomein.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)
protect...from保护……不受……(危害)
(1)protect...against保护……以免……
单句语法填空
(1)Troopshavebeensenttoprotectaidworkersagainstattack.
(2)Wesetupawildlifereservetoprotectanimalsfrombeinghunted(hunt).
(3)Hearingthewords,hecouldn’tkeephimselffromlaughing.
Effectivemeasuresmustbetakentoprotecttheenvironmentfrom/againstpollution.
=Effectivemeasuresmustbetakentoprevent/keep/stoptheenvironmentfrombeingpolluted.必须采取有效措施保护环境免受污染。
payattentionto注意;留意
draw/attract/catchone’sattention引起某人的注意
turnone’sattentionto...把注意力转移到……
fix/focus/concentrateone’sattentionon...把注意力集中在……
单句语法填空
(1)Agreatdealofattentionhasbeenpaidtoprotecting(protect)theenvironment.
(2)Hestoodthere,hisattentionfixedonthenoticeonthewall.
Weneedtobeactiveinallkindsofsportsandpayattentiontomentalhealth,whichisequaltophysicalhealth.我们要积极参加各种体育运动并注重心理健康,它与身体健康同等重要。
主句+theway+定语从句
Theylearnedthisfromthewaytheboneswerejoinedtogether.他们是根据(恐龙)骨骼的连接方式了解到这一点的。
(1)way表示“方式;方法”时,其后常接inwhich或that引导的定语从句,也可以将关系词inwhich或that省略掉,此时关系词在从句中作状语。
(2)way后接定语从句时,如果关系词在从句中作主语或宾语则用关系代词that/which,作宾语时还可以省略,作主语时不可省略。
(3)way表示“方式;方法”时,其后还可接不定式或ofdoingsth.形式。
单句语法填空
(1)Ithinkyouhurthispridebylaughingattheway(that)hespeaksEnglish.
(2)Thewaythat/whichcameupatthemeetingwasunpractical.
(3)Isthisthewayyoucanimaginetoreduce(reduce)airpollution?
Andyoushouldkeepitinmindthatcomparingnoteswithyourclassmatesfrequentlyisagoodwaytoimproveyourstudy.你应该记住经常与同班同学交换意见是提高学习的有效方法。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.IwouldappreciateitifyoucouldhelpmewithmyEnglish.
2.Ourcoachandteammatesburstintolaughterinreliefafterwewonthematch.
3.Thespecialistemployedhimselfinstudying(study)thecauseofcancer.
4.Therehasbeenasteadydecreaseinpopulationinthiscitysince2000.
5.Hewasatallmanwithasmilingface,andh
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