新东方雅思写作讲义.docx

新东方雅思写作讲义.docx

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新东方雅思写作讲义

雅思写作完全攻略

TotalSolutionofIELTSWriting

俞伟国

－2009－

雅思考试作文部分题型

题型

分值

字数要求

建议时间

小作文

图表作文（Report）

1/3

>150words

20mins

大作文

议论文（Essay）

2/3

>250words

40mins

课时安排：

MarkingSystem

EssayWriting

Introduction

Body

Conclusion

StructureReportWriting

（FromMatClark）

近年雅思考试中国大陆考区作文部分得分情况Band4orbelow:

15%-20%Band5:

60%Band6:

15%-20%Band7:

<5%

Band8orabove:

Rare

KeyLanguageFeaturesinMarkingSystem

TaskResponse:

1.Noevidenceofdigression/irrelevantcontent

2.AdequateWords

3.Position+SupportingIdeas+Development

CoherenceandCohesion

1.Logicaloverallstructure

2.TopicSentence

3.Cohesivedevices

LexicalResource

1.Accurateness

2.AuthenticVocabulary（Less-commonVocabulary）

3.Variety

GrammaticalRangeandAccuracy

1.Accurateness

2.ComplexSentence

3.Variety

欢迎光临俞老师的BLOG:

ChapterOne－EssayWriting

第一章.议论文完全攻略

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

PartOne－Introduction

－闪亮开篇－

－Version5.7－

StructureofIntroduction

1.BackgroundInformation

（1）.Lead-inSentence（Introducethesubjectofthetopic）

（2）.PublicOpinion

（Stateyourposition）

2.Statement1．主体背景（BackgroundInformation）

（1）Inthelastcentury,thefirstmanwalkingonthemoonsaid:

“Itisabigstepfor

mankind”.However,somepeoplethinkitmade

______________________________,

when

________________________________________________________________

hetime,

the

first

for

_____________________________________________________thatitwasagreat

stepformankind.Nowadays,however,somepeoplebelievethatitactually

_____________________________________________________

LanguageSkill:

Paraphrase方法之一－具体化（笼统概念－缩小范围）

（2）Foodcanbeproducedmuchmorecheaplytodaybecauseofimproved

fertilizersandbettermachinery.However,somepeoplethinkthemethodsusedto

dothismayhavenegativeeffectsonlocalcommunitiesandbedangerousto

humanhealth.

Nowadayspeoplecan_______________foodfarmore_______________

_________________________more_______________fertilizersandmachinery.

Nevertheless,

some

people

hold

the

methods

used

may

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

LanguageSkill:

Paraphrase方法之二－单词转换（优先考虑三大词类：

）

法方（换转型句－三之法方Paraphrase

1）

（方法2

）

（3）Manypeoplesayteachersshouldonlyteachstudentsacademicsubjects；Otherssayteachers

shouldalsotaketheresponsibilityofteachingstudentstojudgewhatisrightandwrong.

Somepeopleholdtheopinionthat

_______________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

While

some

argue

that

_________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

LanguageSkill:

句型转换（方法3

）

（4）Somepeoplebelievethatairtravelshouldbeprohibitedasitusesupfuelresourcesandcauses

pollution.Doyouagreeordisagreewiththestatement?

Youshoulduseyourownexperienceto

supportyourargument.

Accordingtosome__________,airtravelshouldbe

_________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

LanguageSkill:

Paraphrase思路顺序：

单词转换>句型转换>具体化

（5

Some

people

propose

that______________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

Language

Skill:

句型转换（方法4

）

（6）.Inmodernsociety,therearemoreandmoreoldpeople,doyouthinkits

benefitsoutweighitsdisadvantages?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

LanguageSkill:

信息量偏少的TopicIntroduction写作对策

追根溯源法－Factor（s）[因]－Phenomenon（Subject）[果]

2.总论点（Statement）

Topic－Ifchildrenbehavebadly,shouldtheirparentsacceptresponsibilityand

alsobepunished?

AverageExample：

Inmyopinion,theparentsshouldnotbepunished.

DecentExample：

Inmyopinion,theparentsshouldnotbepunishedexcept

that（unless）theyarethosewhopurposefullyteachthechildtobehave

badly.

Topic－Somepeoplethinkthatitisbeneficialforstudentstogotoprivate

secondaryschools.Butothersfeelthatithasnegativeeffectsonthem.Discussthe

bothviewpoints

Frommypointofview,itisanidealchoicetosendchildrentoprivate

middleschools______________________________

Exercise1:

Topic－Shouldcollegestudentsbeallowedtogetmarried?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

Language

Skill:

句型转换（方法5

）

Exercise2:

Topic－Shouldcollegestudentsbeencouragedtotakeuppart-time

jobs?

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

Language

Skill:

句型转换（方法6

）

3.Report－Introduction写作对策

that

phenomenon

the

Today,

____________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________hasarousedgrowingconcern.

Inmyopinion,alotoffactorscontributetotheproblemandinthisarticle,

Iwouldliketo___________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

*Thisphenomenon,asfarasIamconcerned,canbeattributedtothe

followingcauses,whichcouldberegardedastheappleofdiscord.

StructureofReportIntroduction

1.Lead-inSentence（Paraphrasethefirstsentenceinthetopic）

2.PlanA:

EssayStatement

PlanB:

LinkingSentence

Exercise1:

Exercise2:

Topic－Pressureontheschoolanduniversitystudentsisincreasingand

studentsarepushedtostudy

Exercise3:

Topic－

欢迎光临俞老师的BLOG:

PartTwo－Body

－中流砥柱－

－Version6.5－

分论点的要求：

1.字数要求：

Onecomplexsentencepreferred.Around20words.

2.分论点四项基本原则：

（1）.内容原则：

分论点应该体现为一种_____________________________并且与总论点为关系。

_________________

Example:

Topic-Transnationalmarriage

Statement：

Theproblemsthattransnationalmarriagemaybringaboutgreatlyoutweigh

itsbenefits.

SupportingIdea：

Marriageshouldbebasedontruelove.（X）

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________LanguageSkill:

因果关系高分句型－主语，+非限制性定语从句（描述主语特性/因），+谓语（+宾语）（由主语特性所导致的effect/果）

（2）.语言原则:

分论点的语言要求简洁概括的书面语。

Example:

Topic-Raisingpets

①Ifweraisepets,wemustspendalotoftimetotakecareofthemandwealsohavetospendalotof

moneytofeedthem,soit'snotgood.（X）

②

________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

（3）.构思原则:

分论点应该具有实质性的具体内容，避免使用大而空泛的概念。

Example:

Topic-Globalization

Globalizationisbeneficialforthedevelopmentofthesociety.（X）

Globalizationbringsaboutfiercecompetition,hencestimulateslocalcompaniesindevelopingcountriesto

taketheinitiativetoimprovethequalityoftheirproducts.

（4）.比较原则:

在具有比较性质的Topic中，分论点应该体现主体的特性而非共性。

Example:

Topic-Somepeoplethinkchildrencanhavebettereducationin

boardingschoolsfarfromhome,whileothersclaimthatadayschoolisabetter

one.Discussthebothviewpointsandgiveyouropinion.

Studentscanlearnalotofvaluableknowledgeinboardingschools.（X）

Boardingschoolscanbettercultivatethestudents'independenceandpracticalhands-onability.

分论点构思四大黄金原则

1.经济原则

Shouldcollegestudentsbeallowedtogetmarried?

Gettingmarriedinsuchanearlyagewouldimposeaheavyfinancialburdenonthe

collegestudents'livesandinturnbringsnegativeeffectstotheirstudies.

Moreandmoremeasureshavebeentakentoimprovesecurityandreducecrimeinurbanareas.D

（1）.Adoptingmoresecuritymeasurescreatesasaferandmorestablesocialenvironmentbyreducingcrime,

____________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

（2）.Adoptingmoresecuritymeasureswill

________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

（1）.Thebanonairtravel

_______________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

（2）.

________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________asaresultof

theprohibitionofairtravel.

Exercise：

（1）.Withthedevelopmentofthemarketeconomy,advertisementshavebecomea

dominantfeatureintelevisionindu