全国高考英语试题与答案.docx
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全国高考英语试题与答案.docx
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全国高考英语试题与答案
2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷大纲)
英 语
注意事项:
⒈本试卷分第Ⅰ卷<选择题)和第Ⅱ卷<非选择题)两部分。
答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
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⒉答第Ⅰ卷时,选出每小题答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号,不能答在本试卷上,否则无效。
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⒊答第Ⅱ卷时,将答案写在答题卡上。
写在本试卷上无效。
⒋考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分英语知识运用(满分50分>
第一节 语音知识(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分>
从A、B、C、D四个选项中,找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
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例:
haveA.gaveB.saveC.hatD.made
答案是C。
⒈theaterA.treasureB.wheatC.seasonD.realize
⒉persuadeA.usualB.insistC.sugarD.treasure
⒊companyA.aloneB.carrotC.moneyD.knock
⒋oppositeA.serviceB.outsideC.pioneerD.police
⒌societyA.officialB.recentC.chocolateD.difficultqxURB4JoVx
第二节 语法和词汇知识(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分>
从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
例:
Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild___heorshewants.qxURB4JoVx
A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever
答案是B。
⒍–Whatshallwedotonightthen?
–___–whateveryouwant.
A.HelpyourselfB.It'sadealC.NoproblemD.It'suptoyouqxURB4JoVx
⒎Hemissed___goldinthehighjump,butwillget___secondchanceinthelongjump.qxURB4JoVx
A.the;theB.不填;aC.the;aD.a;不填
⒏Thatevening,___Iwilltellyoumoreaboutlater,Iendedupworkingverylate.qxURB4JoVx
A.thatB.whichC.whatD.when
⒐Sarahmade___totheairportjustintimetocatchherplanethismorning.qxURB4JoVx
A.herselfB.thisC.thatD.it
⒑Tonylentmethemoney,___thatI'ddoasmuchforhim.qxURB4JoVx
A.hopingB.tohopeC.hopedD.havinghoped
⒒Ihadhardlygottotheoffice___mywifephonemetogobackhomeatonce.qxURB4JoVx
A.whenB.thanC.untilD.after
⒓We___topaintthewholehousebutfinishedonlythefrontpartthatday.qxURB4JoVx
A.setaboutB.setupC.setoutD.setdown
⒔Nexttobiology,Ilikephysics___.
A.betterB.bestC.thebetterD.verywell
⒕–DidyouaskSophiaforhelp?
–I___needto–Imanagedperfectlywellonmyown.qxURB4JoVx
A.wouldn'tB.don'tC.didn'tD.won't
⒖Theoldmansatinfrontofthetelevisioneveryevening,happy___anythingthathappenedtobeon.qxURB4JoVx
A.towatchB.watchingC.watchedD.tohavewatched
⒗100℃isthetemperature___whichwaterwillboil.qxURB4JoVx
A.forB.atC.onD.of
⒘I'mgoingtoEuropeonvacationtogetherwithJohnifI___findthemoney.qxURB4JoVx
A.canB.mightC.wouldD.need
⒙Themanager___theworkershowtoimprovetheprogramsince9a.m.qxURB4JoVx
A.hastoldB.istellingC.hasbeentellingD.willhavetoldqxURB4JoVx
⒚TheHarryPotterbooksarequitepopular;theyareingreat___inthiscity.qxURB4JoVx
A.qualityB.progressC.productionD.demand
⒛–Trynottoworkyourselftoohard.Takeiteasy.qxURB4JoVx
–Thanks.___
A.Sowhat?
B.Noway.C.Whatfor?
D.You,too
第三节 完形填空(每小题1.5分>
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D>中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
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AroundtwentyyearsagoIwaslivinginYork.21IhadalotofexperienceandaMaster'sdegree,Icouldnotfind22work.qxURB4JoVx
Iwas23aschoolbustomakeendsmeetand24withafriendofmine,forIhadlostmyflat.Ihad25fiveinterviews(面试>withacompanyandonedaybetweenbusrunstheycalledtosayIdidnot26thejob.“Whyhasmylifebecomeso27?
”Ithoughtpainfully.qxURB4JoVx
AsIpulledthebusoverto28alittlegirl,shehandedmeanearning29Ishouldkeepit30somebodyclaimed(认领>it.Theearringwaspaintedblackandsaid“BEHAPPY”.qxURB4JoVx
AtfirstIgotangry.Thenit31me–Ihadbeengivingallofmy32towhatwasgoingwrongwithmy33ratherthanwhatwasright!
Idecidedthenandtheretomakea34offiftythingsIwashappywith.Later,Idecidedto35morethingstothelist.Thatnighttherewasaphonecallfor36fromaladywhowasadirectoratalarger37.SheaskedmeifIwould38aone-daylectureonstress(压力>managementto200medicalworkers.Isaidyes.qxURB4JoVx
My39therewentverywell,andbeforelongIgotawell-paidjob.TothisdayIknowthatitwasbecauseIchangedmywayof40thatIcompletelychangedmylife.qxURB4JoVx
21.A.AsB.ThoughC.IfD.When
22.A.successfulB.extraC.satisfyingD.convenient
23.A.drivingB.repairingC.takingD.designing
24.A.workingB.travellingC.discussingD.living
25.A.preparedforB.attendedC.askedforD.held
26.A.loseB.likeC.findD.get
27.A.hardB.busyC.seriousD.short
28.A.waveatB.dropoffC.callonD.lookfor
29.A.orderingB.promisingC.sayingD.showing
30.A.incaseB.orelseC.asifD.nowthat
31.A.hurtB.hitC.caughtD.moved
32.A.feelingsB.attentionC.strengthD.interests
33.A.opinionsB.educationC.experiencesD.life
34.A.listB.bookC.checkD.copy
35.A.connectB.turnC.keepD.add
36.A.herB.apassengerC.meD.myfriend
37.A.hospitalB.factoryC.restaurantD.hotel
38.A.listentoB.reviewC.giveD.talkabout
39.A.planB.choiceC.dayD.tour
40.A.operationB.speakingC.employmentD.thinking
第二部分阅读理解(满分45分>
第一节 语篇阅读(每小题2分>
第一节 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D>中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
(每小题2分>qxURB4JoVx
(A>
Coldweathercanhardonpets,justlikeitcanbehardonpeople.Sometimesownersforgetthattheircatsarejustasusedtothewarmshelter(住所>astheyare.Someownerswillleavetheiranimalsoutsideforalongperiodoftime,thinkingthatallanimalsareusedtolivingoutdoors.Thiscanputtheirpetsindangerofseriousillness.Therearethingsyoucandotokeepyouranimalwarmandsafe.qxURB4JoVx
Keepyourpetsinsideasmuchasyoucanwhentheweatherisbad.Ifyouhavetotakethemout,stayoutsidewiththem.Whenyou'recoldenoughtogoinside,theyprobablyaretoo.Iyoumustleavethemoutsideforalongtime,makesuretheyhaveawarm,solidshelteragainstthewind,thickbedding,andplentyofnon-frozenwater.qxURB4JoVx
Ifleftaloneoutside,dogsandcatscanbeverysmartintheirsearchforwarmshelter.Theycandigintosnowbanksorhidesomewhere.Watchthemcloselywhentheyareleftoutdoors,andprovidethemwithshelterofgoodquality.Keepaneyeonyourpet'swater.Sometimesownersdon'trealizethatawaterbowlhasfrozenandtheirpetcan'tgetanythingtodrink.Animalsthatdon'thavecleanandunfrozenwatermaydrinkdirtywateroutside,whichmaycontainsomethingunhealthyforthem.qxURB4JoVx
41.WhatdowelearnaboutpetsfromParagraph1?
A.Theyareoftenforgottenbytheirowners.
B.Theyareusedtolivingoutdoors.
C.Theybuildtheirwonshelter.
D.Theyliketostayinwarmplaces.
42.Whyarepetownersaskedtostaywiththeirpetswhentheyareoutincoldweather?
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A.Toknowwhentobringtheminside.
B.Tokeepthemfromeatingbadfood.
C.Tohelpthemfindshelters.
D.Tokeepthemcompany.
43.Ifpetsareleftontheirownoutdoorsincoldweather,theymay___.qxURB4JoVx
A.runshortofcleanwaterB.digdeepholesforfunqxURB4JoVx
C.dirtythesnownearbyD.getlostinthewild
44.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?
A.Tosolveaproblem.B.Togivepracticaladvice.
C.Totellaninterestingstory.D.Topresentaresearchresult.qxURB4JoVx
(B>
Youmaythinkthatsailingisadifficultsport,butitisreallynothardtolearnit.Youdonotneedtobestrong.Butyouneedtobequick.Andyouneedtounderstandafewbasicrulesaboutthewind.qxURB4JoVx
First,youmustaskyourself,“Whereisthewindcomingfrom?
Isitcomingfromaheadorbehindorfromtheside?
”Youmustthinkaboutthisallthetimeontheboat.Thewinddirectiontellsyouwhattodowiththesail.qxURB4JoVx
Let'sstartwiththewindblowingfromthebehind.Thismeansthewindandtheboataregoinginthesamedirection.Thenyoumustalwayskeepthesailoutsidetheboat.Itshouldbeata90°angle(角度>totheboat.Thenitwillcatchthewindbest.qxURB4JoVx
Ifthewindisblowingfromtheside,itisblowingacrosstheboat.Inthiscase,youmustkeepthesailhalfwayoutsidetheboat.Itshouldbeata45°angletotheboat.Itneedstobeoutfarenoughtocatchthewind,butitshouldn'tflap(摆动>.Itshouldn'tlooklikeonaflagpole.Ifitisflapping,itisprobablyouttoofar,andtheboatwillslowdown.qxURB4JoVx
Sailingintothewindisnotpossible.Ifyoutry,thesailwillflapandtheboatwillstop.Youmaywanttogointhatdirection.Itispossible,butyoucan'tgoinastraightline.Youmustgofirstinonedirectionandtheninanother.Thisiscalledtacking.Whenyouaretacking,youmustalwayskeepthesailinsidetheboat.qxURB4JoVx
45.Whatshouldyouconsiderfirstwhilesailing?
A.Sailors'strength.B.Wavelevels.
C.Winddirections.D.Sizeofsails.
46.Whatdoestheword“It”underlinedinParagraph4referto?
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A.Theboat.B.Thewind.C.Thesail.D.Theangle.
47.Whatdoyouhavetodowhensailingagainstthewind?
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A.Moveinastraightline.B.Allowthesailtoflap.qxURB4JoVx
C.Lowerthesail.D.Tacktheboat.
48.Wherecanyouprobablyfindthetext?
A.Inapopularmagazine.B.Inatouristguidebook.
C.Inaphysicstextbook.D.Inanofficialreport.
(C>
Facialexpressionscarrymeaningthatisdeterminedbysituationsandrelationships.Forexample,inAmericanculture(文化>thesmileisingeneralanexpressionofpleasure.Yetitalsohasotheruses.Awoman'ssmileatapoliceofficerdoesnotcarrythesamemeaningasthesmileshegivestoayoungchild.Asmilemayshowloveorpoliteness.Itcanalsohidetruefeelings.Itoftencausesconfusion(困惑>acrosscultures.Forexample,manypeopleinRussiasmilingatstrangersinpublictobeunusualandevenimproper.YetmanyAmericanssmilefreelyatstrangersinpublicplaces(althoughthisislesscommoninbigcities>.SomeRussiansbelievethatAmericanssmileinthewrongplaces;someAm
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