主谓宾宾补.docx
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主谓宾宾补.docx
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主谓宾宾补
主谓宾宾补
1)带to的不定式作宾补;
例如:
Sheaskedmetocallhimagain.
很多动词后面都可以有这种宾补。
初中教材常见的这类动词有:
ask,tell,want,wish,wouldlike,like,hate等。
注:
hope后不能接复合宾语。
2)不带to的不定式作宾补;
例如:
Weoftenhearthegirlsingthesong.
能带这种复合宾语的动词为感官动词、短语动词和使役动词如let,feel,notice,help,make,have,listento,hear,see,watch,lookat,observe.
注:
①如果这种结构变为被动语态,不定式就必然带to.
②help后的不定式可以带to也可不带to.
3)分词作宾补;
例如:
Heheardsomebodyknockingonthewindow.
现在分词作宾补表示主动,且动作正在进行,过去分词作宾补表示被动,或动作已完成,也可以表示请别人做某事。
能带分词作宾补的常见动词为感官动词:
see,hear,notice,watch,feel及find,get,have(这三个动词为使役动词)等。
注:
在感官动词后,既可用现在分词构成复合宾语,也可用不带to的不定式构成复合宾语。
现在分词表示动作正在发生,即处于发生的过程中,还没有结束,如例a;用不定式表示动作已发生了,即动作的全部过程已结束,如例b.如:
a.Hesawagirlgettingonthebus.(意为上车的动作正在进行。
)
b.Hesawagirlgetonthebus.(意为女孩上车的动作已经结束了。
)
四.主语宾语补语SVOC(主+谓+宾+宾补)
四.主语+宾语+补语SVOC(主+谓+宾+宾补)
1.他们任命他当经理。
2.他们把门漆成绿色。
3.这使得他们要细想一想。
4.他们发现那房子无人居住。
5.他怎么会这样想?
6.我们送他出去。
7.他要我早点回来。
8.我看见他们上了那辆公共汽车。
1.They│appointed│him│manager.┃┃
2.They│painted│thedoor│green.┃┃
3.This│set│them│thinking.┃┃
4.They│found│thehouse│deserted.┃┃
5.What│makes│him│thinkso?
┃┃
6.We│saw│him│out.┃┃
7.He│asked│me│tocomebacksoon.┃┃
8.I│saw│them│gettingonthebus.┃
最常用结构
(1)make+n.+adj./v+ed/n./动词原形
(2)make+it+宾补+todosomething
(3)find+n+adj./v+ing/v+ed
(4)findit+宾补+todosomething
注意:
make的宾补不能是v+ing;find的宾补不能是不定式
练习:
(1)Hemakesme___ofmyself.
AshameBshameful
CashamedDshameless
(2)Thismadethestreetas___asday.
AlightBlightlyClitDlighted
(3)Hecouldnotunderstandwhatshefound___withhim.
AwronglyBwrongCbewrongDwronged
(4)I‘mafraidyoufindmevery__.Whynotfireme?
AsatisfyingBunsatisfied
CunsatisfactoryDsatisfied
(5)IwentforMr.Graffald,andfoundhim__supper.
AcookBtocookCcookedDcooking
(6)Whatwashersurprisetofindit__?
AgoBgoneCgoingDtogo
(7)Onhisreturnfromhisoffice,hefoundthehouse___.
AdesertingBdesertCdesertedDtodesert.
(8)WhenIgotinthevillageIfoundnobody__.
AoverBdownCaboutDup
(9)Shefoundheruncle__thepointofleavingthemuseum.
AatBonCtoDin
(10)TowardeveninghefoundMrs.Emily__her.
AinBatCwithDon
(11)IfindtheChinesepeople__happyandcheerful.
AtobeBXCbeingDbe
(12)HefoundFannyPrice__nolongerworkingthere.
AisBXCisDAandB
(13)Youmaytakeahorsetothewater,butyou
can’tmakehim__.
AtodrinkBdrinkCdrinkingDdrunk
(14)Ihopethetimeisnotfaroffthattheyshallbemade__forbettermentoftheworkingpeople.
AtofightBfightCfightingDfighted
(15)Thismadeithard__metocontrolmyself.
AwithBforCaboutDto
(16)I’vegottomadeit__thatmyfamilywasverypoor.
AclearlyBclearCtobeclearDbeclear
(17)AllworkandnoplaymakesJack__adullboy.
AtobeBbeCisDX
(18)TherevolutionarywavethatwassweepingoverthewholeofEuropesoonmadeitseffects___intheBritishLabourMovement.
AfeelBtofeelCfeltDfeeling
(19)Youshouldmakeyourviews__.
AknowBknownCknowingDtoknow
(20)Youhavemademe__Iam.
AwhatBthatCwhichDX
1.主语+call/name/choose/elect/make+n作宾补,若是职称名词:
head,manager,director,chairman,captain前不加冠词,这些词用作同位语,表语也不加冠词。
比如:
Doyoucallthatprinting?
HemadeLondonthebaseforhisrevolutionarywork.
Theychosemetheirguide.
TheyelectedLincolnpresident.
练习:
1Icallthat__ashame.
AasBtobeCbeDX
2.Hehadavarietyofinterestswhichmadehim__anagreeablecompanion.
AtobeBXCbeDas
3Newtonwasmade__PresidentoftheRoyalSociety.
AXBtheCaDbe
4.Whowaschosen___King?
AtobeBasCXDalltheabove
5.__byPazhewonaseatintheSenateandwaschosenitspresident.
ABackingBBackedCTobackDBack
(6)TheyelectedTomJones__theirMemberofParliament.
AasBtobeCXDalloftheabove
(7)Theyelectedme__theBoardofDirectors.
AXBtoCinDforanswer
2.主+want/get/ask/order/require/tell/request+宾语+不定式作宾补。
注意:
只能用不定式不能用现在分词作宾补!
比如:
Heaskedustodoit.
Hetoldustohelphim.
Herequestedustopayattention
Heorderedustorest.
练习:
(1)Idon’twantthatsortofthing__happening.
AkeepingBtokeepCholdDtocontinue
(2)Whatisitthatyouwantme___?
AdoingBdoneCtodoDdo
(3)Theirideawastogetus__thestrike.
AcalloutBtocalloutCcalloffDtocalloff
(4)Hethenaskedme___.
AtoseatBtobeseatedCseatingDseated
(5)Thedoctor___himorderedhimtostayinbed.
AattendedBattendingCtoattendDtobeattended
(6)Thecrewwasordered__thelifeboats.
AmanBamanCtomanDman-made
(7)Irequireyou___thistonoone.
AspeakBtospeakCtospeakofDspoken
(8)Theborderpolicerequiredthetraveller__hisluggage.
AtounlockBunlocking
CtobeunlockedDunlock
(9)Thepublicarerequestednot___litterinthesewoods.
AtodropBdropCleavingDleft
(10)Itoldyou__trouble,andnowlookwhat’shappened?
AexpectBtoexpectCtohopeDtowish
(11)Itoldyounottoclimbthetrees,becauseIknewyou___fallandhurtyourself.
AwillBwouldCmayDshould
3.主语+tell/ask/know/learn/teach/wonder+宾语+疑问词+不定式的复合结构。
Tell,ask,know,learn,teach既可用不定式作宾补也可用疑问词加不定时作宾补,而wonder只能用疑问词加不定式作宾补。
而常用疑问词有who,when,why,what比如:
Hehasn’ttoldmehowtodoit.
Heaskeduswheretospendthenight.
Hetolduswhattodo.
Hetaughtushowtomakeclothes.
Iwonderedwhichwaytochoose.
练习:
(1)Howcanyoutell__buttontopress?
AwhatBwhichCwhoseDX
(2)Heaskedme___toopenthebox.
AwhenBhowCXDalltheabove
(3)Askyourteacher___topronouncetheword.
AwhatBhowCwhichDwhere
(4)Hesaidtheywouldteachmehowto__thefarm.
ArunBwalkCjumpDsit
(5)Youmustlearnwhentogiveadviceandwhen___silent.
AbeBXCtobeDbeing
(6)Theyknew__toexpresswhattheythought,andfeltandsaw.
AxBwhatChowDwhich
(7)Idon’tknow__toaskadvicefrom.
AXBwhoCwhomDBandCanswer
4.主语+have/make/let/see/hear/lookat/notice/watch/feel+不带to的不定式作宾补.
带有宾补动词原形的动词have/make/let叫作使役动词;see/hear/lookat/watch/notice叫感觉动词。
不定式常表动作的全过程比如
Hemademestandup.
Hesawuscomein.
Iheardhimsinginthenextroom.
Iwillhavehimdoit.
练习:
(1)Weshouldbedelightedtohaveyou__amemberoftheinstitute.
AtobecomeBbecame
CbecomingDbecome
(2)Wow!
Thatmakesmyeyes___.
AachingBacheCachedDtoAche
(3)Iwon’tstandbyandletpoorAnnieRoberts__likethis!
AsufferBsufferingCtosufferDsuffered
(4)Theydidnotletthemselves___topullanybody’schestnutsoutofthefire.
AusedBbeusedCtobeusedDusing
(5)Shemusthavebeenseen__upbeforeagreathope.
AtospringBspringCXDsprang
(6)Hewasseen___itup.
AtopickBpickCXDpicked
(7)Andit’ssoquietyoucouldhearapin__!
AtodropBdropCdroppingDdropped
(8)IhaveheardbothEnglishandIndians__wellofhim.
AsayBtotalkCspeakDtospeak
(9)Whenleavingthehouseshewasheard__somecommonplaceremarktoherHusband.
AtomakeBmakeCmadeDX
5.主语+have/leave/keep/get/see/hear/watch/notice/+宾语+v+ing作宾补。
其中使动词为have/leave/keep/get注意没有make+宾语v+ing表示动作正在进行。
比如:
Iheardhimsinging.
Ifeltmyheartbeating.
Iwatchedthemfighting.
Ihadthelightburning.
练习:
(1)Lookattheboy___!
Hedisappearedattheturning.
ArunBtoRunCrunningDran
(2)Didyounoticehim__whenyoupassby?
ApauseBtopauseCpausedDpausing
(3)Theywatchedthesun___intotheMediterranean.
AtosinkBsinkCsankDsunk
(4)AtonceChristinefeltherself__alittlegiddy(头晕)
AturnBtoturnCturnsDtuned
(5)Icouldfeelthewind___onmyfacefromanopenwindow.
AtoblowBblowingCblowDblew
(6)Iloveyou,butIwon’thaveyou__thingsthataren’tso.
AsayBsayingCtosayDsaid
(7)Welefthim__thegate.
ApaintBtopaintCpaintingDBandC
(8)SophiasawMr.Scales__withConstancemerrilythen.
AchatBchattingCchattedDX
(9)Whenitisquietwecanheartheriver___.
AflowingBflowCtoflowDflowed
(10)HewentagaintowatchyoungForster__againsttheburningsun.
AdrillingBtodrillCdrillDdrilled
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