合集版江苏高考英语二轮复习任务型阅读.docx
- 文档编号:28295966
- 上传时间:2023-07-10
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:24
- 大小:163.50KB
合集版江苏高考英语二轮复习任务型阅读.docx
《合集版江苏高考英语二轮复习任务型阅读.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《合集版江苏高考英语二轮复习任务型阅读.docx(24页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
合集版江苏高考英语二轮复习任务型阅读
2016版江苏高考英语二轮复习:
任务型阅读
目录
任务型阅读阅读量较大,但阅读难度适中,一般原词与推理、归纳词的比例是5∶5。
2013年能在文中找到原词的共5题,需要对原文词性、词形变换的共1题,归纳总结得出答案的共4题。
2014年推理、归纳题考查比例较大,共6题。
能在原文中找到原词和需要对原文词性、词形变换的各2题。
2015年有7题可在原文中找到原词或相对应的词形、词性。
任务型阅读将会继续在江苏高考试题中占有较大比重,考题形式还是主要以表格形和树状形为主,文章体裁主要以议论文为主,阅读量大,要求考生具有捕捉信息、组织信息和综合概括信息的能力。
(一)
(2015·江苏)
Peopleselectnewsinexpectationofareward.Thisrewardmaybeeitheroftwokinds.OneisrelatedtowhatFreudcallsthePleasurePrinciple,theothertowhathecallstheRealityPrinciple.Forwantofbetternames,weshallcallthesetwoclassesimmediaterewardanddelayedreward.
Ingeneral,thekindofnewswhichmaybeexpectedtogiveimmediaterewardarenewsofcrimeandcorruption,accidentsanddisasters,sports,socialevents,andhumaninterest.Delayedrewardmaybeexpectedfromnewsofpublicaffairs,economicmatters,socialproblems,science,education,andhealth.
Newsofthefirstkindpaysitsrewardsatonce.Areadercanenjoyanindirectexperiencewithoutanyofthedangersorstressesinvolved.Hecantremblewildlyatanaxemurder,shakehisheadsympatheticallyandsafelyatahurricane,identifyhimselfwiththewinningteam,laughunderstandinglyatawarmlittlestoryofchildrenordogs.
Newsofthesecondkind,however,paysitsrewardslater.Itsometimesrequiresthereadertotolerateunpleasantnessorannoyance—as,forexample,whenhereadsofthethreateningforeignsituation,themountingnationaldebt,risingtaxes,fallingmarket,scarcehousing,andcancer.Ithasakindof“threatvalue”.Itisreadsothatthereadermaybeinformedandprepared.Whenareaderselectsdelayedrewardnews,hepullshimselfintotheworldofsurroundingrealitytowhichhecanadapthimselfonlybyhardwork.Whenheselectsnewsoftheotherkind,heusuallywithdrawsfromtheworldofthreateningrealitytowardthedreamworld.
Foranyindividual,ofcourse,theboundariesofthesetwoclassesarenotstable.Forexample,asociologistmayreadnewsofcrimeasasocialproblem,ratherthanforitsimmediatereward.Acoachmayreadasportsstoryforitsthreatvalue:
hemayhavetoplaythatteamnextweek.Apoliticianmayreadanaccountofhislatestsuccessfulpublicmeeting,notforitsdelayedreward,butverymuchashiswifereadsanaccountofaparty.Inanygivenstoryofcorruptionordisaster,athoughtfulreadermayreceivenotonlytheimmediaterewardofindirectexperience,butalsothedelayedrewardofinformationandpreparedness.Therefore,whilethedivisionofcategoriesholdsingeneral,anindividual’stendencymaytransferanystoryfromonekindofreadingtoanother,ordividetheexperiencebetweenthetwokindsofreward.
Whatnewsstoriesdoyouread?
Divisionofnewsstories
•Peopleexpecttoget71.________fromreadingnews.
•Newsstoriesareroughlydividedintotwoclasses.
•Somenewswillexcitetheirreadersinstantlywhileotherswon’t.
72.________ofthetwoclasses
•Newsofimmediaterewardwillseeminglytaketheirreaderstotheveryfrighteningscenewithoutactual73.________.
•Readerswillassociatethemselvescloselywithwhathappensinthenewsstoriesand74.________similarfeelingswiththoseinvolved.
•Newsofdelayedrewardwillmakereaderssuffer,orpresenta75.________tothem.
•Newsofdelayedrewardwillinducethereaderto76.________fortherealitywhilenewsofimmediaterewardwillleadthereaderto77.________fromthereality.
Unstableboundariesofthetwoclasses
•Whatreadersexpectfromnewsstoriesarelargelyshapedbytheir78.________.
•Seriousreaderswillbothgetexcitedoverwhathappensinsomenewsstoriesand79.________themselvestothereality.
•Thus,thedivision,onthewhole,80.________onthereader.
(二)
(2014·江苏)
Theexpression,“everybody’sdoingit,”isverymuchatthecenteroftheconceptofpeerpressure.Itisastronginfluenceofagroup,especiallyofchildren,onmembersofthatgrouptobehaveaseverybodyelsedoes.Itcanbepositiveornegative.Mostpeopleexperienceitinsomewayduringtheirlives.
Peoplearesocialcreaturesbynature,andsoitishardlysurprisingthatpartoftheirselfrespectcomesfromtheapprovalofothers.Thisinstinct(天性)iswhytheapprovalofpeers,orthefearofdisapproval,issuchapowerfulforceinmanypeople’slives.Itisthesameinstinctthatdrivespeopletodressonewayathomeandanotherwayatwork,ortoanswer“fine”whenastrangerasks“howareyou?
”evenifitisnotnecessarilytrue.Thereisapracticalaspecttothis:
ithelpssocietytofunctionefficiently,andencouragesagenerallevelofselfdisciplinethatsimplifiesdaytodayinteraction.
Forcertainindividuals,seekingsocialacceptanceissoimportantthatitbecomeslikeanaddiction;inordertosatisfythedesire,theymaygosofarastoabandontheirsenseofrightandwrong.Teensandyoungadultsmayfeelforcedtousedrugs,orjoingangsthatencouragecriminalbehavior.Matureadultsmaysometimesfeelpressuredtocoverupillegalactivityatthecompanywheretheywork,orendupindebtbecausetheyareunabletoholdbackthedesiretobuyahouseorcarthattheycan’taffordinaneffortto“keepupwiththeJoneses.”
However,peerpressureisnotalwaysnegative.Astudentwhosefriendsaregoodatacademicsmaybeurgedtostudyharderandgetgoodgrades.Playersonasportsteammayfeeldriventoplayharderinordertohelptheteamwin.Thistypeofinfluencecanalsogetafriendoffdrugs,ortohelpanadulttakeupagoodhabitordropabadone.Studygroupsandclassprojectsareexamplesofpositivepeergroupsthatencouragepeopletobetterthemselves.
Schoolstrytoteachkidsaboutthedangersofnegativepeerpressure.Theyteachkidstostandupandbethemselves,andencouragethemtopolitelydeclinetodothingsthattheybelievearewrong.Similarly,itcanbehelpfultoencouragechildrentogreetthebeneficialinfluenceofpositivepeergroups.
(三)
(2013·江苏)
QuietVirtue:
TheConscientious
Theeverydaysignsofconscientiousness(认真尽责)—beingpunctual,carefulindoingwork,selfdisciplined,andscrupulous(一丝不苟的)inattendingtoresponsibilities—aretypicalcharacteristicsofthemodelorganizationalcitizen,thepeoplewhokeepthingsrunningastheyshould.Theyfollowtherules,helpout,andareconcernedaboutthepeopletheyworkwith.It’stheconscientiousworkerwhohelpsnewcomersorupdatespeoplewhoreturnafteranabsence,whogetstoworkontimeandneverabusessickleaves,whoalwaysgetsthingsdoneondeadline.
Conscientiousnessisakeytosuccessinanyfield.Instudiesofjobperformance,outstandingeffectivenessforalmostalljobs,fromsemiskilledlabortosalesandmanagement,dependsonconscientiousness.Itisparticularlyimportantforoutstandingperformanceinjobsatthelowerlevelsofanorganization:
thesecretarywhosemessagetakingisperfect,thedeliverytruckdriverwhoisalwaysontime.
AmongsalesrepresentativesforalargeAmericancarmanufacturer,thosewhoweremostconscientioushadthelargestvolumeofsales.Conscientiousnessalsooffersabuffer(缓冲)againstthethreatofjoblossintoday’sconstantlychangingmarket,becauseemployeeswiththisqualityareamongthemostvalued.Forthesalesrepresentatives,theirlevelofconscientiousnessmatteredalmostasmuchastheirsalesindeterminingwhostayedon.
Thereisanairaroundhighlyconscientiouspeoplethatmakesthemseemevenbetterthantheyactuallyare.Theirreputationfordependabilityinfluencesmanagers’evaluationsoftheirwork,givingthemhigherevaluationsthanobjectivemeasuresoftheirperformancewouldpredict.
Butconscientiousnessintheabsenceofsocialskillscanleadtoproblems.Sinceconscientiouspeopledemandsomuchofthemselves,theycanholdotherpeopletotheirownstandards,andsobeoverlyjudgmentalwhenothersdon’tshowthesamehighlevelsofmodelbehavior.FactoryworkersinGreatBritainandtheUnitedStateswhowereextremelyconscientious,forexample,tendedtocriticizecoworkersevenaboutfailuresthatseemedunimportanttothosetheycriticized,whichdamagedtheirrelationships.
Whenconscientiousnesstakestheformoflivinguptoexpectations,itcandiscouragecreativity.Increativeprofessionslikeartoradvertising,opennesstowildideasandspontaneity(自发性)arescarceandindemand.Successinsuchoccupationscallsforabalance,however;withoutenoughconscientiousnesstofollowthrough,peoplebecomemeredreamers,withnothingtoshowfortheirimaginativeness.
一、任务型阅读的解题步骤
1.略读。
快速浏览全文,理清文章基本结构,了解文章的框架及每段大意。
2.扫读。
扫读图表,分析表格结构和内容,准确定位填空的要求,以便带着问题寻找答案。
3.细读。
深入理解文章内容,分析整合信息,准确表达。
归纳概括,转换信息正确表述。
4.复查。
通观全篇,复读检查。
二、复习中应注意培养解题能力
1.培养词形转换能力,如:
用所给词语的适当形式填空。
(1)Thecarrusheddowntheroadatastonishingspeed.(astonish)
(2)Thepostalservicehereisveryunreliable.(serve)
(3)Theexamwasrelativelyeasy.(relative)
常见的词性转换有:
说明
举例
动词转化为名词,这类动词变为名词后,常跟have,make,take等词搭配表示一个动作
havealook(talk,wash,swim,rest,dream,laugh,ride,dance,interview,etc.)
makeastudy(guess,visit,call,change,answer,reply,promise,request,etc.)
takeaseat(drive,look,bath,etc.)
表具体实物的名词可转化为动词
adropofwater(水),watertheflowers(浇);amapofEurope(地图),maptheSouthPole(绘制地图);abicyclechain(链条),chainaboattoatree(拴住)
表身体部位或某类人的名词可转化为动词
Thestonehithimonthehead.(头)
Headstraightforthefactory.(朝向)
Thenurseondutyisnursingthepatient.(护理)
表抽象概念的名词可转化为动词
Timeisabirdforeveronthewing.(时间)
TakeadeepbreathandI’lltimeyou.(计时)
有些形容词可作动词用
Yourwatchisfiveminutesslow.(慢的)
Slowdownyourcarinthecrowdedstreets.(放慢)
Let’ssitintheshadeandgetcool.(凉爽的)
Openthewindowstocooltheroom.(使凉爽)
2.培养英语释义与概括能力,如:
根据提示用意义相同的词完成各句,每空一词。
(1)Theboyfeltuncomfortablewithhisnewclassmates.(notcomfortable)
(2)Ifyouignoreyourdiet,troublewi
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 合集版 江苏 高考 英语 二轮 复习 任务 阅读