计算机英语第3版课后习题答案.docx
- 文档编号:28288318
- 上传时间:2023-07-10
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:54
- 大小:491.82KB
计算机英语第3版课后习题答案.docx
《计算机英语第3版课后习题答案.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《计算机英语第3版课后习题答案.docx(54页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
计算机英语第3版课后习题答案
计算机英语第3版课后习题答案
《计算机英语(第3版)》练习参考答案
UnitOne:
ComputerandComputerScience
UnitOne/SectionA
I.Fillintheblankswiththeinformationgiveninthetext:
1.CharlesBabbage;AugustaAdaByron
2.input;output
3.VLSI
4.workstations;mainframes
5.vacuum;transistors
6.instructions;software
7.digit;eight;byte
8.microminiaturization;chip
II.TranslatethefollowingtermsorphrasesfromEnglishintoChineseandviceversa:
1.artificialintelligence人工智能
2.paper-tapereader纸带阅读器
3.opticalcomputer光计算机
4.neuralnetwork神经网络
5.instructionset指令集
6.parallelprocessing并行处理
7.differenceengine差分机
8.versatilelogicalelement通用逻辑元件
9.siliconsubstrate硅衬底
10.vacuumtube真空管
11.数据的存储与处理thestorageandhandlingofdata
12.超大规模集成电路verylarge-scaleintegratedcircuit
13.中央处理器centralprocessingunit
14.个人计算机personalcomputer15.模拟计算机analoguecomputer
16.数字计算机digitalcomputer
17.通用计算机general-purposecomputer
18.处理器芯片processorchip
19.操作指令operatinginstructions
20.输入设备inputdevice
III.Fillineachoftheblankswithoneofthewordsgiveninthefollowinglist,making
changesifnecessary:
Wecandefineacomputerasadevicethatacceptsinput,processesdata,storesdata,and
producesoutput.Accordingtothemodeofprocessing,computersareeitheranalogordigital.
Theycanalsobeclassifiedasmainframes,minicomputers,workstations,ormicrocomputers.
Allelse(forexample,theageofthemachine)beingequal,thiscategorizationprovidessome
indicationofthecomputer’sspeed,size,cost,andabilities.
Eversincetheadventofcomputers,therehavebeenconstantchanges.First-generation
computersofhistoricsignificance,suchasUNIVAC(通用自动计算机),introducedinthe
early1950s,werebasedonvacuumtubes.Second-generationcomputers,appearinginthe
early1960s,werethoseinwhichtransistorsreplacedvacuumtubes.Inthird-generation
computers,datingfromthe1960s,integratedcircuitsreplacedtransistors.Infourth-generation
computerssuchasmicrocomputers,whichfirstappearedinthemid-1970s,large-scale
integrationenabledthousandsofcircuitstobeincorporatedononechip.Fifth-generation
computersareexpectedtocombinevery-large-scaleintegrationwithsophisticatedapproaches
tocomputing,includingartificialintelligenceandtruedistributedprocessing.
IV.TranslatethefollowingpassagefromEnglishintoChinese:
计算机将变得更加先进,也将变得更加容易使用。
语音识别的改进将使计算机的操
作更加容易。
虚拟现实,即使用所有人类官能与计算机进行交互的技术,也将有助于创
建更好的人机接口。
人们正在开发其他的奇异计算模型,包括使用生物机体的生物计算、
使用具有特定属性的分子的分子计算,以及使用遗传基本单位DNA(脱氧核糖核酸)存
储数据和执行操作的计算。
这些都是可能的未来计算平台的例子,而它们迄今还能力有
限或完全属于理论范畴。
科学家们研究它们,是因为嵌入硅中的电路的微小型化受到物理限制。
还有一些限制与甚至最微小的晶体管也会产生的热量有关。
UnitOne/SectionB
I.Fillintheblankswiththeinformationgiveninthetext:
1.experimentation
2.interfacing
3.interdisciplinary
4.microprocessor
II.TranslatethefollowingtermsorphrasesfromEnglishintoChineseandviceversa:
1.artificialneuralnetwork人工神经网络
2.computerarchitecture计算机体系结构
3.robustcomputerprogram健壮的计算机程序
4.human-computerinterface人机接口
5.knowledgerepresentation知识表示
6.数值分析numericalanalysis
7.程序设计环境programmingenvironment
8.数据结构datastructure
9.存储和检索信息storeandretrieveinformation
10.虚拟现实virtualreality
UnitOne/SectionC
I.Fillintheblankswiththeinformationgiveninthetext:
1.format
2.synchronization
3.virtual
4.multimedia;third-party
II.TranslatethefollowingtermsorphrasesfromEnglishintoChineseandviceversa:
1.datafield数据字段,数据域2.learningcurve学习曲线
3.third-partysolution第三方解决方案
4.WindowsMediaPlayerWindows媒体播放器
5.开始按钮Startbutton
6.指定输入区designatedinputarea
7.手写体识别系统handwriting-recognitionsystem
8.字符集characterset
UnitTwo:
ComputerArchitecture
UnitTwo/SectionA
I.Fillintheblankswiththeinformationgiveninthetext:
1.input;output;storage
2.BasicInput/OutputSystem
3.flatbedscanners;hand-heldscanners
4.LCD-based
5.dot-matrixprinters;inkjetprinters
6.diskdrives;memory
7.volatile
8.serial;parallel
II.TranslatethefollowingtermsorphrasesfromEnglishintoChineseandviceversa:
1.functionkey功能键,操作键
2.voicerecognitionmodule语音识别模块
3.touch-sensitiveregion触敏区
4.addressbus地址总线
5.flatbedscanner平板扫描仪
6.dot-matrixprinter点阵打印机(针式打印机)
7.parallelconnection并行连接
8.cathoderaytube阴极射线管
9.videogame电子游戏10.audiosignal音频信号
11.操作系统operatingsystem
12.液晶显示(器)LCD(liquidcrystaldisplay)
13.喷墨打印机inkjetprinter
14.数据总线databus
15.串行连接serialconnection
16.易失性存储器volatilememory
17.激光打印机laserprinter
18.磁盘驱动器diskdrive
19.基本输入/输出系统BIOS(BasicInput/OutputSystem)
20.视频显示器videodisplay
III.Fillineachoftheblankswithoneofthewordsgiveninthefollowinglist,making
changesifnecessary:
CD-ROMstandsforcompactdiscread-onlymemory.Unlikefloppyandharddisks,
whichusemagneticchargestorepresent1sand0s,opticaldiscsusereflectedlight.Ona
CD-ROMdisc,1sand0sarerepresentedbyflatareasandbumpy(高低不平的)areas(called
“pits”)onitsbottomsurface.TheCD-ROMdiscisreadbyalaserthatprojectsatinybeamof
lightontheseareas.Theamountofreflectedlightdetermineswhetherthearearepresentsa1
ora0.
LikeacommercialCDfoundinmusicstores,aCD-ROMisa“read-only”disc.
Read-onlymeansitcannotbewrittenonorerasedbytheuser.Thus,youasauserhave
accessonlytothedataimprinted(压印)bythepublisher.
AsingleCD-ROMdisccanstore650megabytes(兆字节)ofdata.Thatisequivalentto
451floppydisks.Withthatmuchinformationonasingledisc,thetimetoretrieveoraccess
theinformationisveryimportant.AnimportantcharacteristicofCD-ROMdrivesistheir
accessrate.
IV.TranslatethefollowingpassagefromEnglishintoChinese:
调制解调器是在模拟和数字信号之间进行转换的设备。
计算机使用的是数字信号,
这种信号由离散单元组成,通常用一系列1和0表示。
模拟信号是连续变化的;声波就是模拟信号的一个例子。
调制解调器经常用于实现计算机之间通过电话线的互相通信。
调
制解调器将发送端计算机的数字信号转换成可通过电话线传输的模拟信号。
信号到达目
的地后,另外一个调制解调器重构原来的数字信号,供接收端计算机处理。
如果两个调
制解调器可同时互相发送数据,那么它们采用的就是全双工工作方式;如果一次只有一
个调制解调器可以发送数据,那么它们采用的则是半双工工作方式。
UnitTwo/SectionB
I.Fillintheblankswiththeinformationgiveninthetext:
1.graphical
2.file;scheduler
3.virtual
4.slice
II.TranslatethefollowingtermsorphrasesfromEnglishintoChineseandviceversa:
1.interrupthandler中断处理程序
2.virtualmemory虚拟存储(器),虚存,虚拟内存
3.contextswitch上下文转换,语境转换
4.mainmemory主存(储器)
5.bitpattern位模式
6.外围设备peripheraldevice
7.进程表processtable
8.时间片timeslice
9.图形用户界面graphicaluserinterface
10.海量存储器massstorage
UnitTwo/SectionC
I.Fillintheblankswiththeinformationgiveninthetext:
1.repository
2.central;sub-systems
3.network4.layered或abstractmachine
II.TranslatethefollowingtermsorphrasesfromEnglishintoChineseandviceversa:
1.codegenerator代码生成程序,代码发生器
2.abstractmachine抽象机
3.programeditor程序编辑程序,程序编辑器
4.configurationitem配置项
5.计算机辅助设计CAD(computer-aideddesign)
6.数据冗余dataredundancy
7.指挥与控制系统commandandcontrolsystem
8.视频压缩与解压缩videocompressionanddecompression
UnitThree:
ComputerLanguageandProgramming
UnitThree/SectionA
I.Fillintheblankswiththeinformationgiveninthetext:
1.artificial;instructions
2.low-level;high-level
3.machine
4.machine
5.functional;logic
6.statement
7.module
8.digital
II.TranslatethefollowingtermsorphrasesfromEnglishintoChineseandviceversa:
1.storageregister存储寄存器
2.functionstatement函数语句
3.programstatement程序语句
4.object-orientedlanguage面向对象语言
5.assemblylanguage汇编语言6.intermediatelanguage中间语言,中级语言
7.relationallanguage关系(型)语言
8.artificiallanguage人工语言
9.datadeclaration数据声明
10.SQL结构化查询语言
11.可执行程序executableprogram
12.程序模块programmodule
13.条件语句conditionalstatement
14.赋值语句assignmentstatement
15.逻辑语言logiclanguage
16.机器语言machinelanguage
17.函数式语言functionallanguage
18.程序设计语言programminglanguage
19.运行计算机程序runacomputerprogram
20.计算机程序员computerprogrammer
III.Fillineachoftheblankswithoneofthewordsgiveninthefollowinglist,making
changesifnecessary:
Aprogramminglanguageisalanguageusedtowriteinstructionsforthecomputer.Itlets
theprogrammerexpressdataprocessinginasymbolicmannerwithoutregardto
machine-specificdetails.
Thedifficultyofwritingprogramsinthemachinelanguageof0sand1sledfirsttothe
developmentofassemblylanguage,whichallowsprogrammerstousemnemonics(助记符)
forinstructionsandsymbolsforvariables.Suchprogramsarethentranslatedbyaprogram
knownasanassemblerintothebinaryencodingusedbythecomputer.Otherpiecesofsystem
softwareknownaslinkingloaders(连接装入程序)combinepiecesofassembledcodeand
loadthemintothemachine’smainmemoryunit,wheretheyarethenreadyforexecution.The
conceptoflinkingseparatepiecesofcodewasimportant,sinceitallowed“libraries”of
programstobebuiltuptocarryoutcommontasks—afirststeptowardtheincreasingly
emphasizednotionofsoftwarereuse.Assemblylanguagewasfoundtobesufficiently
inconvenientthathigher-levellanguages(closertonaturallanguages)wereinventedinthe1950sforeasier,fasterprogramming;alongwiththemcametheneedforcompilers,programs
thattranslatehigh-levellanguageprogramsintomachinecode.Asprogramminglanguages
becamemorepowerfulandabstract,buildingefficientcompilersthatcreatehigh-qualitycode
intermsofexecutionspeedandstorageconsumptionbecameaninterestingcomputerscience
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 计算机 英语 课后 习题 答案
![提示](https://static.bdocx.com/images/bang_tan.gif)