小升初 名词和冠词的详解与训练无答案.docx
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小升初 名词和冠词的详解与训练无答案.docx
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小升初名词和冠词的详解与训练无答案
学科教师辅导教案
学员编号:
年级:
小升初课时数:
3
学员姓名:
辅导科目:
英语学科教师:
课程主题:
名词和冠词
授课时间:
2019.5.27
学习目标
进一步熟悉名词与冠词的相关考点
教学内容
名词和冠词
名词
一.分类
二.
专有名词Sarah
e.g.Sarahisagirl.
普通名词girl
(1)普通名词前可以用不定冠词a/an、定冠词the或不加冠词。
(2)表示人名、地名、团体、机构、组织等的词为专有名词,专有名词的首字母要大写。
三.可数名词和不可数名词
(一)可数名词的家务事
可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。
指一个人或一件事物时,用单数形式;指两个或多个人或事物时用复数形式。
名词由单数形式变成复数形式的规则如下:
1.一般的名词词尾直接加-s。
如:
book→books;room→rooms
house→houses;day→days
2.以s,ch,sh,x结尾的名词,在词尾加-es。
如:
bus→buses;glass→glasses
watch→watches
dish→dishes;box→boxes
3.以"辅音字母+y"结尾的名词,要先将y改为i再加-es。
如:
city→cities;body→bodies
factory→factories等等。
4.以f或fe结尾的名词,要将f或fe改为v再加-es。
如:
half→halves;leaf→leaves
knife→knives;wife→wives
5.以o结尾的词,加-s或-es.如:
1)有生命的加es:
Negro,hero,potato,tomato.
2)无生命的加s:
zoo,photo
6.特例[悄悄话:
特例常常考,要记住。
]
①child→children
②man→men;woman→women
policeman→policemen
(规律:
man→men)
③tomato→tomatoes
potato→potatoes
[悄悄话:
初中英语以o结尾的名词变复数时只有这两个词加-es,其余的当然加-s喽!
如:
photo→photos]
④foot→feet;tooth→teeth
[悄悄话:
oo变成ee。
]
⑤sheep,Chinese,Japanese单、复数同形 [悄悄话:
变复数时词形不变。
]
7.有些名词只有复数形式。
如:
pants,jeans,shorts,glasses,boots……
小学阶段不规则动词
am/is-was是are-were是
get-got到达,获得go-went走,离去
say-said说buy-bought买
swim-swam游泳lose-lost丢失
fly-flew飞drive-drove开
eat-ate吃take-took拿走
have-had具有see-saw看
leave-left离开read-read读
sing-sang唱歌do-did做
feel-felt感觉sit-sat坐
wake-woke醒put-put放
set-set安放sleep-slept睡觉
come-came来will-would将会
tell-told告诉write-wrote写
send-sent送,派送
(二)不可数名词的家务事
1.不可数名词没有复数,当它作句子的主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式。
如:
Thefoodisveryfresh. 食品很新鲜。
2.不可数名词不能与a/an或表示具体数量的词直接连用。
3.不可数名词前往往有some,any,alittle等词,或用glass/piece+of等类似结构。
如:
somewater,acupoftea
用所给名词的适当形式填空。
1.Howmany________(sheep)arethereonthehill?
2.Thebabyhasonlytwo________(tooth)now.
3.Thereisalotof________(water)inthebottle.
4.Therearefive________(people)inhisfamily.
5.Let'stake________(photo),OK?
6.Ihavelotsof________(tomato)here.
7.The________(leaf)onthetreeturn-yellow.
8.The________(child)areplayinggamesontheplaygroundnow.
9.Theyare________(woman)doctors.
10.Canyougivemesomebottlesof________(orange),please?
四.名词所有格
(一)表示有生命的名词加’s
情况
构成方法
例子
单数名词
加’s
Mike’s
mother’s
以s结尾的复数名词
加’
girls’
students’
不以s结尾的复数名词
加’s
men’s
(二)表示无生命的名词+of
of所有格用法:
主要用于表示无生命的名词的所有关系。
如:
thegateoftheschool,thepictureofourschool,amapofChina.
*注:
若一样东西为两人共有,则后一个人名用所有格,如:
JohnandMary’sroom(一间房);
如果不是两人共有,而是各自拥有,则两个名词都用所有格,如:
John’sandMary’sroom(两间房)。
趁热打铁
一.请写出下列词的复数形式。
city ___________zoo ______________country ______________
tooth __________ mouse ____________ boy______________
car_________ tree _____________sandwich_______________
horse ___________ bus____________ fox ____________
branch ___________ baby _____________ family ________________
country ___________ radio ___________ photo _______________
piano ___________ knife ___________ leaf ____________
life _____________ thief___________man __________
woman __________ child ___________ foot __________
this _________ watch___________diary____________
day__________ book____________ dress____________
sheep___________box___________ peach__________
strawberry________________
二.单选。
()1.The __ in our yard are very beautiful.
A. cloth B. water C. flowers
( )2. Tom is one of the Chinese _____ in our school.
A. boy B. boys C. boies
( )3. A cat has four ____ , doesn't it?
A. foots B. feet C. feets
( )4. There are three ____ and five _____ in the room.
A.American, Japanese B Americans, Japanese C. American, Japanese
( )5. Can you see nine ____ in the picture?
A. fish B. book C. horse
( )6. The _____ has two______.
A. boy; watch B. boy; watches C. boys; watch
( )7. The _____ are flying back to their country.
A. Germany B. Germanys C. Germans
( )8. The girl brushes her _____ every day before he goes to bed.
A. tooths B. teeth C. teeths
( )9.I saw many _____ in the street.
A. peoples B.people C.people’s
( )10.The green sweater is his _________.
A.brother B.brothers C.brother’s
( )11.They come from different ______
A. country B. countries C. a country D. countrys
( )12. How many ______ do you see in the picture?
A. tomatos B. tomatoes C. tomato D. the tomato
( )13. They are______.
A . woman teachers B. women teachers
C. women teacher D. woman teacher
( )14. Would you like _______ ,please?
A. two glass of water B. two glasses of water
C. two glass of waters D. two glasses of waters
( )15. Most of ______ live in _______.
A. Germans, German B. German, Germen
C. Germen, Germany D. Germans, Germany
( )16. There are some ______ in these _______.
A. knifes pencil-boxes B. knives pencils-box
C. knives pencil-box D. knives pencils-boxes
( )17. ______ like ______ by air.
A. Greens, travelling B. The Green, traveling
C. The Greens, travel D. The Greens, traveling
( )18. I wonder why ______ are interested in action films(武打片).
A. the people B. people C. peoples D. the peoples
( )19. There is no ______ in the plate.
A. apples B. oranges C. rice D. eggs
( )20.My uncle has three _______.
A.child B.childs C.children D.childrens
( )21.----How’s Joy’s skirt?
----Her skirt is more beautiful than ________.
A.her sister’s and Kate B.her sister and Kate
C.her sister and Kate’s D.her sister’s and Kate’s
( )22.This is _______ room. The twin sisters like it very much.
A.Lucy’s and Lily’s B.Lucy’s and Lily C.Lucy and Lily’s
( )23.It’s about __________walk from my home.
A. ten minute B. ten minutes’ C. ten minute’s D. ten minutes
( )24.Every morning Mr. Smith takes a ________ to his office.
A. 20 minutes walk B. 20 minute’s walk C. 20-minutes walk D. 20-minute walk
( )25.__________ mothers made them have piano lessons.
A. Peter and Anne B. Peter’s and Anne’s C. Peter’s and Anne D. Peter and Anne’s
( )26.The room on the right is ________.
A. her B. she C. Lucy’s D. Lucy
( )27.We’ll have a ____________ holiday. What about going to the West Lake?
A. two days B. two-day C. two-days D. two-days’
( )28.The market isn’t far from here. It’s only ___________ bicycle ride.
A. half an hours’ B. half an hour’s C. half an hour D. an hour and a half
9.Where’s your father ?
At _________.
A. Mr Green’s B. Mr. Green C. the Mr. Green’s
10.The twin brothers always put small presents in ___________stockings on
Christmas Day.
A. each other’s B. each other C. each others D. each others’
三.填入所给名词的正确形式。
1. I have two____________ (knife)
2. There are many ___________ here. (box)
3. There are many ___________ on the road. (bus)
4. A few ___________ are drawing on the wall. (boy)
5. The ______________ are playing football now. (child)
6. Please take two _______________ for me. (photo)
7. I like the red ________________.(tomato)
8. Would you please clean your _____________ now?
(tooth)
9. Do you want some _________?
(milk)
10. There are ten __________ _________in our school. (woman teacher)
冠词
冠词用在名词前,表示名词是特指还是泛指。
冠词可分为不定冠词、定冠词和零冠词三种形式。
1.不定冠词的用法:
不定冠词有a,an。
其中,a用在发音以辅音音素开头的名词前,而an则用在以辅音因素开头的名词之前。
如:
adog;anapple
(1)某人或某物第一次提到。
如:
Thereisatreeinfrontofmyhouse.我的屋前有一棵树。
Iamreadinganinterestingstorybook.我在读一本有趣的故事书。
(2)表示一类人或物。
如:
Ahorseisusefultopeople.马对人类有用。
2.定冠词the的用法。
(1)某人或某物再次提到。
如:
Thereisamanintheclassroom.ThemanisourEnglishteacher.
(2)姓氏复数前表某人一家,后谓语动词用复数。
如:
TheSmithsarewatchingTVathoenow.
(3)江河湖海及山脉、景点前。
如:
theYellowRiver,thePacificOcean……
(4)方位名词前。
如:
ontheright/left;inthewest/eastof……
(5)星球月亮前。
如:
thesun,themoon,theearth等。
(6)西方乐器前。
如:
playthe(violin,piano,guitar)等。
(7)和形容词连用表示某一类人,后谓语动词用复数。
如:
The(poor,rich,young,old)arehavinglunchnow.
(8)形容词最高级以及序数词前。
如:
themostinterestingbook,thefirstchildinmyfamily等。
(9)身体部位前。
如:
onthenose,intheface等。
3.零冠词的用法。
(1)专有名词前。
如:
China,Beijing,London等。
(2)三餐前。
如:
It’stimeforbreakfast.
(3)在季节、月份、星期、节日、球类运动、棋类游戏的名词之前不用冠词。
(4)当by与火车等交通工具连用,表示一种方式时,中间无冠词;
bybusbytrainbycarbyairbybikebyplane
【典例】
1.Thisis________apple.It’s__________bigtree.
A.An;aB.a;theC.an;anD.an;the
2.__________elephantisonekindofanimals.
A.AB.AnC./D.The
3.Hisfather________Englishteacher.Heworksinourschool.
A.aB.anC.theD./
4.—Howmanybooksdoyouhave?
—Ihave_________book.That’s________Englishbook.
A.a;anB.a;oneC.one;anD.one;one
5.________Greensaremyrelatives(亲戚).
A.AB.TheC.AnD./
6.Shehas__________orangeskirt._________skirtisnice.
A.a;TheB.an;TheC.an;AD.the;The
7.Wecan’tsee______sunat________night.
A.the;theB.the;/C.a;/D./;/
8.DoesTomoftenplay______violinafter_______school?
A./;/B./;theC.the;/D.a;/
9.Heisagoodmanbecauseheoftenhelps_______poor.
A.aB.anC.theD./
课后作业
二、单选题
()1.Theroomontherightis________.
A.herB.sheC.Lucy’sD.Lucy
()2.We’llhavea____________holiday.WhataboutgoingtotheWestLake?
A.twodaysB.two-dayC.two-daysD.two-days’
()3.Themarketisn’tfarfromhere.It’sonly
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