学年北师大版必修三Unit 7 the sealesson 1 The Spirit of Explores B学案.docx
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学年北师大版必修三Unit 7 the sealesson 1 The Spirit of Explores B学案.docx
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学年北师大版必修三Unit7thesealesson1TheSpiritofExploresB学案
Unit7thesealesson1TheSpiritofExploresB学案
[语法剖析]
一、when,where,why引导的定语从句
1.when引导的定语从句
先行词是指时间的名词,如:
time,day,year,month,moment,week,hour,minute等,when在从句中作时间状语。
Istillrememberthedaywhenwemetforthefirsttime.
我仍然记得我们第一次相遇的那一天。
ItwasanexcitingmomentfortheSpanishfans,whenforthefirsttimetheirteamwontheWorldCup.
对于西班牙球迷来说,那是一个激动人心的时刻,因为在那一刻,他们的球队第一次赢得了世界杯。
2.where引导的定语从句
先行词是指地点的名词,如:
place,factory,farm,station,town,meetingroom等,where在从句中作地点状语。
AfterlivinginParisforfiftyyearshereturnedtothesmalltownwherehegrewupasachild.(先行词是town)
在巴黎生活了50年后,他回到了儿时成长的那个小镇。
Sheisteachingattheuniversitywherehermotheroncestudied.(先行词是university)
她在母亲曾经学习过的大学执教。
[名师点津]
当先行词表示抽象的地点或带有地点的意味且在从句中充当类似于地点状语的作用时,定语从句用where引导。
Todaywe'lldiscussanumberofcaseswherebeginnersofEnglishfailtousethelanguageproperly.(先行词是cases)
今天,我们将讨论一些英语初学者对英语使用不当的问题。
Hewantstofindajobwherehisskillscanbeputtogooduse.(先行词是job)
他想找一份能将他的技能派上用场的工作。
3.why引导的定语从句
先行词常为reason,why在定语从句中作原因状语。
Wedidn'tknowthereasonwhyherefusedourhelp.
我们不知道他拒绝我们帮助的原因。
There'snoreasonwhyweshouldn'tbesorude.
我们不该那么无礼,这没有理由。
[名师点津]
先行词是thereason时,定语从句的引导词需根据定语从句缺少的成分而定,如果缺少状语,用why;如果缺少主语或宾语,则用that/which。
1-1.选词填空:
where,when,why
①IrecentlywentbacktothetownwhereIwasborn.
②Hecameatthetimewhenweneededhimmost.
③Ididn'tgetapayrise,butthatwasn'tthereasonwhyIleft.
1-2.单句改错
①I'llneverforgetthedayswhenwespenttogether.
when→that/which
②Thatwasthereasonwhyhegaveforhisabsence.
why→that/which
③Youwouldgetintoasituationwhenyouhavetodecideimmediately.when→where
二、由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
1.关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时,从句常由“介词+关系代词”引导。
Theuniversityisveryfamous.
MrWangoncestudiedintheuniversity.
→TheuniversityinwhichMrWangoncestudiedisveryfamous.
王先生曾在那里学习的那所大学非常著名。
2.由“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句时,关系代词常使用which,whom。
而介词的选择则需要根据句意和动词的搭配来判断。
TheathletetowhomyoutalkedisWangLiqin.
和你谈话的那个运动员是王励勤。
[名师点津]
(1)一般说来,含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用,介词仍放在动词的后面,如:
lookfor,lookafter,takecareof等。
Isthisthewatchwhich/thatyouarelookingfor?
这就是你在寻找的那块表吗?
(2)“介词+关系代词(which/whom)”是定语从句的重点和难点,确定关系代词(which/whom)前面的介词可依照“一先,二动,三意义”的原则。
一先,即根据先行词来确定介词。
ThefactoryinwhichI'mworkingmainlyproducescomputers.
我工作所在的工厂主要生产电脑。
(inwhich代替inthefactory,“在工厂里”用介词in。
)
二动,即根据定语从句中的谓语动词来确定介词。
Inthedarkstreettherewasn'tasinglepersontowhomshecouldturnforhelp.
在漆黑的街道上她没有一个人可以求助。
(towhom代替toaperson;turntosb.forhelp“向某人求助”。
)
三意义,即根据定语从句的意义来确定介词。
IntheofficeIneverseemtohavetimeuntilafter5:
30pm,bywhichtimemanypeoplehavegonehome.
在办公室里下午5:
30以前我似乎永远没有时间,到那时,许多人已经回家了。
(3)“介词+关系代词”结构可转换为对应的关系副词。
表示地点的where相当于in/atwhich;表示时间的when相当于in/at/onwhich;表示原因的why相当于forwhich。
Thisisthehousewhere(=inwhich)hisgrandfatheroncelived.
这就是他的祖父曾经住过的房子。
Doyourememberthedaywhen(=onwhich)youjoinedourclub?
你记得你加入我们俱乐部的那天吗?
Thatisthereasonwhy(=forwhich)hemustapologise.
这就是他必须道歉的原因。
2-1.用适当的关系词填空
①Thefarmwhere/on_whichIlivedisafactorynow.
②ThereisabigwindowthroughwhichIcanseetherailwaystation.
③ThisisthemanwithwhomIjustshookhands.
④Thatoldmanhastwosons,oneofwhomisadoctor.
⑤Noneofusknowthereasonwhy/for_whichTomwasabsent.
2-2.句型转换
①BeijingistheplacewhereIwasborn.
→BeijingistheplaceinwhichIwasborn.
→BeijingistheplacewhichIwasbornin.
②Iliveinaroomwhosewindowfacessouth.
→Iliveinaroomthewindowofwhichfacessouth.
→Iliveinaroomofwhichthewindowfacessouth.
2-3.完成句子
①教室里有50名学生,他们都在努力学习。
Therearefiftystudentsintheclassroom,all_of_whom_are_studying_hard.
②他就是那个我在谈论的男孩。
Heistheboyabout_whom_I_was_talking.
[应用实战]
一、链接高考
用适当的关系词填空
1.(2016·天津高考)Wewillputoffthepicnicintheparkuntilnextweek,whentheweathermaybebetter.
2.(新课标卷Ⅱ)WhenIarrived,BryantookmetoseethehousewhereIwouldbestaying.
3.(浙江高考)Thechildren,allofwhomhadplayedthewholedaylong,werewornout.
4.(北京高考)Manycountriesarenowsettingupnationalparkswhereanimalsandplantscanbeprotected.
5.(江西高考)Hewrotealetterwhereheexplainedwhathadhappenedintheaccident.
6.(四川高考)Nowadayspeoplearemoreconcernedabouttheenvironmentwheretheylive.
7.(浙江高考)Themuseumwillopeninthespringwithanexhibitionandaviewingplatformwherevisitorscanwatchthebigglasshousesbeingbuilt.
8.(四川高考)Inourclassthereare46students,ofwhomhalfwearglasses.
9.(重庆高考)Salesdirectorisapositionwherecommunicationabilityisjustasimportantassales.
二、针对演练
用适当的关系词填空
1.ShanghaiisthecitywhereIwasborn.
2.Thetimewhenwegottogetherfinallycame.
3.Pleasetellmethereasonwhyyoumissedtheplane.
4.ThisisthepilottowhomIsentflowers.
5.Isthisthecarforwhichyoupaidahighprice?
6.Thisistheheroof_whomweareproud.
7.Thehotelwhere/in_whichhestayedwithhisfatherforonenightisafivestarhotel.
8.Thatwasthepenwith_whichhewrotetheletter.
9.Theyearswhen/in_which/during_whichtheystayedinthecountrysidewasagoodexperienceforthem.
10.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceintheschoolwhere/in_which/at_whichwestudiedtwentyyearsago.
11.Doyouknowthemanwith_whomIshookhandsjustnow?
12.Thebookfrom_whichIgotalotofusefulinformationwaswrittenbyafamousscientist.
13.Thereasonwhy/for_whichhelefthishomewasthathewantedtofindagoodjobinthecity.
[对应学生课下能力提升
(一)]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Wehavepersuadedhimtoacceptourideas.
2.You'vebeeninprisonsixtimesaccording(根据)toourrecords.
3.Theyapologisedforthelatedepartureofthisflight.
4.Shehopestogetajobonthelocalnewspaperandeventually(最终)worksforTheTimes.
5.Manyexpertsthinkthecommonancestor(s)(祖先)livedatleastsevenmillionyearsago.
6.ThevoyagetookmonthsandfirstbroughthimtoMoscow,thenwestward.
7.Shewasaverybravegirlandeveryonewhoknewheradmiredherspirit(精神).
8.AllCEOsloveagoodwellprepared90minutelecture.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.不久你就会意识到是你错了。
Itwillnotbelong_beforeyourealizeyouarewrong.
2.他为让我们等待数小时而向我们道歉。
Heapologized_to_us_forhavingkeptuswaitingforhours.
3.有很多乘客正在公共汽车站等车。
Thereweremanypassengerswaiting_forthebusatthebusstop.
4.我们不得不求助于老师,因为只有老师才能说服他不再上网。
Wehadtoturn_totheteacherforhelp,becauseonlytheteachercanpersuadehimnot_tosurftheInternetagain.
5.地震中失去家园的人多达一万。
Thenumberofpeoplewholosthomesreachedas_many_as10,000intheearthquake.
6.他们没有钱因而被迫卖掉了农场。
Theyhadsolittlemoneythattheywere_forced_tosellthefarm.
Ⅲ.选词填空
insearchof,makeitto,getintotrouble,fillout,setsail
1.Becausethewindwasn'tstrongenough,theyset_sailforFrance.
2.Scientistsarein_search_ofacureforthedisease.
3.Youwillget_into_troubleifyoudriveafterdrinking.
4.We'retoolate;Idon'tthinkwe'llmake_it_tothestation.
5.Fill_outtheapplicationcarefully,andkeepcopiesofit.
Ⅳ.课文缩写语法填空
ErictheRed,whoseancestorscame1.fromScandinavia,wasoneoftheVikingswhoachievedachievementsinhisvoyageallhislife.According2.totheoldstoriesofIcelandandNorway,ErictheRed3.was_forced(force)toleave4.wherehelivedbecausehewaschargedwithmurder.HeleftIcelandandthendiscoveredGreenlandwherehepersuadedsomepeople5.to_go(go)tolive.FollowingEric,anotherman,6.whosenamewasBiarni,7.eventually(eventual)reachedandlandedonGreenlandbecauseofanunexpectedstorm.Intheyear1002,Eric'sson,Leif,alsomadegreat8.contributions(contribute)in9.discovering(discover)otherlandssuchaspresentdayCanadaandNewfoundland.TheyarethefirstrecordswehaveofEuropeanssailing10.totheAmericas.
Ⅴ.完形填空
AstrangethinghappenedtomelastSunday.Itwassuchabeautifulday__1__Idrovetogoforalookinthecountry.
Onthewaybackhome,my__2__stopped.Itwasoutofgasona__3__roadfarfromatown!
IdecidedtowalkuntilIfoundsomeone__4__couldsellsomegas.Ihadwalkedalmostamile__5__Ifinallyfoundahousenearthe__6__.Iwasgladtoseeitbecauseitwasgettingdark.
Iknockedatthedoorandalittleoldladywithlongwhitehair__7__.Shesaid,“I'vebeen__8__foryouhereforalongtime.Comein.__9__isalmostready.”
“ButIonlycameforsomegas,”Ianswered.Icouldn't__10__whatshewastalkingabout.
“Oh,Alfred!
Gas?
You__11__tea,”saidshe.
Iquickly__12__thatmycarwasoutof__13__,butshedidn'tseemtolistentome.Shejustkept__14__meAlfredandtalkingabouthowlongithadbeen__15__shehadseenme.ShewasactingverystrangelyandIwasanxioustoleave.Assoonasshewenttogettea,IwentoutofthehouseasfastasI__16__.
__17__,therewasanotherhousedowntheroadandIwasabletobuythegasIneeded.WhenItoldthemanaboutmy__18__,hesaid,“Oh,that'sMissEmily.Shelivesbyherselfinthatbighouse.She'sstrange,butshewouldn't__19__anybody.Sheisstillwaitingforthemanshewasgoingtomarrythirtyyearsago.Thedaybeforetheirweddinghelefthomeand__20__camebackbecauseofthewar.”
语篇解读:
本文讲述了“我”的汽车没有油了,“我”出去找油的时候,遇见的一件很奇怪的事情,一个女人把“我”错当成了她逃婚的丈夫。
1.A.and B.so
C.butD.that
解析:
选D and“和”;so“因此”;but“但是”;that“这个”。
句意:
这是很不错的一天,我开车去乡下。
such...that“如此以至于”,故选D项。
2.A.carB.bus
C.bikeD.truck
解析:
选A car“车”;bus“公交车”;bike“自行车”;truck“卡车”。
句意:
在回家的路上,我的车抛锚了。
根据“Itwassuchabeautifulday________Idrovetogoforalookinthecountry.”可知作者是开车去的,故选A项。
3.A.narrowB.lonely
C.crowdedD.busy
解析:
选B narrow“窄的”;lonely“孤独的”;crowded“拥挤的”;busy“忙的”。
句意:
在一条孤独的远离小镇的路上车没有油了。
根据语境可知选B项。
4.A.whatB.whom
C.whoD.how
解析:
选C 句意:
我决定走着去找卖油的人。
who引导someone的定语从句,故选C项。
5.A.
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