通用版高考英语一轮复习Unit2Cloning高考拆组训练新人教版选修80426117.docx
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通用版高考英语一轮复习Unit2Cloning高考拆组训练新人教版选修80426117.docx
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通用版高考英语一轮复习Unit2Cloning高考拆组训练新人教版选修80426117
Unit2Cloning
阅读理解组块专练——练速度
(限时:
35分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Weareallfascinatedbymysteries.Tosomeextentwelovetoexpectstrangephenomenonoccurringbeforeus.Herearesomeamazingunsolvedmysteries.
TheGeorgiaGuidestones
OnoneofthehighesthilltopsinElbertCounty,Georgiastandsagiantgranitemonument(花岗岩纪念碑).Carvedineightdifferentlanguagesonthefourgiantstonesare10Guides.
Theoriginofthisstrangemonumentiscoveredinmysterybecausenooneknowsthetrueidentityoftheman,ormen,whoconstructedit.AllweknowisthatinJune1979,amanidentifyinghimselfasR.C.Christianannouncedthathewouldbuildsomethingtoconveyamessagetomankind,buttodate,nooneknowswhoR.C.Christianreallywas.
BermudaTriangle
TheBermudaTriangleisatriangularareaoftheAtlanticOcean.Manyplanes,ships,andboatsaresaidtohavedisappearedinthistrianglewithoutatrace,whichledtothebeliefthat“supernatural”forcesexistinthisareaofthesea.
Couldtheretrulybeanunnaturalforceatworkinthisgeographicaltriangleorarethesedisappearancesmerelycoincidence?
Eitherway,numerouspeopleremainunwillingtostepovertheboundarylineintotheDevil’sTriangle.
LochNessMonster
TheLochNessMonsterisalegendaryanimalthatsupposedlylivesinthedepthsofLochNess,alongnarrowlakelocatedinruralScotland.
Storiesconcerningthemonsterdatebacktothe6thcenturyAD.Overtheyearsthousandshavereportedseeingalongneckappearingfromthewaterwithasmallheadofanunknowncreature.Pictureshaveevenbeentakenofthis“creature”,butmostscientistsrefusetobelieveanycreatureofthiskindlivesintheLochNess.Sofar,theevidenceisinadequate,andthecontroversycontinues.
语篇解读:
本文是一篇说明文。
文章主要介绍了世界上三大未解之谜,包括佐治亚州的巨石阵、百慕大三角和尼斯湖水怪。
1.WhyistheGeorgiaGuidestonesmysterious?
A.ItisononeofthehighesthilltopsinElbertCounty.
B.Thereareeightdifferentlanguagesonthestones.
C.Thepersonwhobuiltitremainsunknown.
D.R.C.Christiancouldconveyamessagetomankind.
解析:
选C 细节理解题。
根据TheGeorgiaGuidestones部分第二段内容可知,巨石阵很神秘是因为没有人知道是谁建造了它。
故选C。
2.WhyarepeopleunwillingtoentertheBermudaTriangle?
A.Itistooremotefromland.
B.Thechanceofsurvivingisslimthere.
C.Therearesupernaturalforcesinthearea.
D.Alltransportationshavedisappearedthere.
解析:
选B 推理判断题。
根据BermudaTriangle部分第一段第二句可知,在百慕大三角经常有飞机、轮船和小船失踪;由此可推知,在百慕大三角人们幸存的可能性很小,所以许多人不愿意进入百慕大三角地带。
故选B。
3.WhatcanweknowaboutLochNessMonster?
A.Itexistedinthe6thcenturyAD.
B.Itissaidtohavealongneckandalargehead.
C.IthasbeenlivinginLochNessLakeforalongtime.
D.Peoplehaven’treachedanagreementonitsexistence.
解析:
选D 细节理解题。
根据最后一段第一句可知,关于水怪的故事始于公元6世纪,并不是说水怪出现在公元6世纪,故排除A项;根据最后一段第二句中的“withasmallhead”可知,B项错误;根据最后一段倒数第二句可知,大多数科学家都不相信有这种水怪生活在尼斯湖中,故排除C项;根据最后一段最后一句可知,D项“人们对它的存在没有达成一致意见”符合原文。
故选D。
B
HaveyouseenJurassicPark?
Inthisfilm,scientistsuseDNAkeptfortensofmillionsofyearstoclonedinosaurs.Theyfindtrouble,however,whentheyrealizethattheclonedcreaturesaresmarterandmoredangerousthanexpected.That’snothingmorethanafiction.
Butcouldwereallycloneendangeredanimals?
Todate,themostsuccessfulattempttodosowasthecloningofagaur,arareoxlikeanimalfromsoutheastAsia.Scientistsusedacowtobringtheclonedbabygaur,namedNoah.Twodaysafterbirth,however,Noahdiedfromacommonbacterialinfection.OtherendangeredspeciesthatmaybeclonedincludetheAfricanbongoantelope(羚羊),theSumatrantiger,thecheetah(猎豹),andthegiantpanda.
Next,couldwereallycloneextinctanimals?
Intheory?
Yes.Todothis,youneedawellkeptsourceofDNAfromtheextinctanimalssuchaswoolmammoth(毛象),Tasmaniantiger,orevendinosaur,andacloselyrelatedspecies,stillliving,whichcouldserveasa_surrogate_mother.
Inreality?
Probablynot.Ontheonehand,it’snotlikelythatextinctanimals’DNAcouldsurviveundamagedforsuchalongtime.Cloningsuchextinctanimalsaswoolmammoth,Tasmaniantiger,ordinosaurismuchmoredifficultduetothelackofproperlywellpreservedDNA.Ontheotherhand,forexample,agaurcanhaveacowasasurrogatemother,definitelynotamonkey.Butwhataboutanextinctanimalasuniqueasthepanda?
Whatspeciescouldpossiblyserveasasurrogatemother?
Cloningpresentsmanyexcitingpossibilities.However,evenifextinctanimalswerebroughtback,theycouldnotsurviveintoday’sworld.Notonlydomostextinctanimalshavenohabitattolivein,buttheotherplantsandanimalstheydependedonforfoodmayalsobegoneaswell.
语篇解读:
本文说明了在克隆灭绝动物的过程中遇到的重重困难与障碍。
即使克隆成功了,其赖以生存的栖息地和食物链也已经被破坏,被克隆出来的动物也无法继续生存下去。
4.Itcanbelearnedfromthetextthat________.
A.thegaurisanextinctspecies
B.thegaurlivesinAsiaandisendangered
C.scientistshaveclonedtheAfricanbongoantelope
D.boththecheetahandthegiantpandaliveinAsia
解析:
选B 细节理解题。
根据第二、三段可知,印度野牛生活在亚洲的东南部,濒临灭绝。
5.Theunderlinedwords“asurrogatemother”inParagraph5probablyrefertoafemalewho________.
A.givesbirthtoababyofitsown
B.cannotgivebirthtoababy
C.givesbirthtoababyforanotherfemale
D.providesDNA
解析:
选C 词义猜测题。
根据第五段的描述可知,此处表示的是,把一种动物的DNA提取出来之后,在另外一种动物的体内进行胚胎繁殖,而这种动物就被称为asurrogatemother,由此判断,画线部分意思为“代孕妈妈”,故C项正确。
6.Thedifficultyincloninganextinctspeciesisthelackof________.
A.boththewellpreservedDNAandasurrogatemother
B.boththehabitattoliveinandthewellpreservedDNA
C.boththewellpreservedDNAandplantstoliveon
D.boththehabitattoliveinandplantstoliveon
解析:
选A 细节理解题。
根据文章倒数第二段中的“Ontheonehand...Ontheotherhand...”两个方面的表述可知,克隆的困难在于一是要寻找灭绝动物的保存完好的DNA,二是要寻找到合适的代孕的物种,故A项正确。
7.Intheauthor’sopinion,itispossiblethat________.
A.alltheextinctspeciesmaybecloned
B.extinctspeciesmaybeclonedandeasilysurvive
C.agaurcanhaveamonkeyasasurrogatemother
D.someextinctspeciesmaybecloned,butnotsurvive
解析:
选D 推理判断题。
本文作者客观叙述了在克隆灭绝动物过程中所存在的种种困难与障碍。
根据最后一段的表述可知,也许克隆存在众多的可能性,但是即使克隆成功了,也许会由于其赖以生存的栖息地和食物链已经灭绝而无法继续存活下去。
由此判断D项正确。
C
Plantcloninghasbeenanagriculturaltechniqueusedbyfarmersandgardenersforcenturies.Grafting(嫁接)isacommonformofplantcloning.Manyplantsinnatureactuallyclonethemselvesandreproduceasexually(无性生殖地).
Clonedplantsaremuchmorepredictablethannormalplants,sotheiryield(产量)ismorereliable.Clonedplantsalsoreproducefaster,limitingtheamountoftimebetweenplantingandharvesting.Itisalsooftencheapertoproduceseedsthroughcloningthanthroughtraditionalmethods.Plantscanessentiallybeoptimizedsothatfarmersorindividualgrowersalwayshavethebestseedsavailable.Withhigheryieldatafasterrate,farmscanproducemorefoodformorepeoplewhiledecreasingoverallcosts.
Cloningcanbeusedtowipeoutdiseasesthatpreviouslykilledoffentirefieldsofcrops.Thiswouldmakeplantsimmunetothekindsofdiseasesthatfarmersandgardenersaroundtheworldfeareachyear.Cropfailuresduetodiseaseandviruscouldbecomeathingofthepast.Also,plantsthatarenearextinctioncanbebroughtbacktolifethroughcloning.
Throughcloningscientistscandevelopsuperfruitsandvegetablesofsuperior(更好的)nutritionalquality.Thiscouldmakeforahealthierpopulationoverall.Thishasalreadybeendonethroughselectivepollination(授粉),andgeneticcloningcouldtakeittothenextlevel.
Byplantcloningwehaveapopulationofidenticalplantsandalltheseplantsequallysufferfromthesamediseases,butinnaturetheweakwoulddieandthestrongwouldsurvive.Whiletherearesomedangerstoconsiderwithplantcloning,thereareplentyofbenefitsthatcouldprovevitaltothepropagation(繁衍)ofthehumanspecies.
8.Theunderlinedword“optimized”inParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto“________”.
A.grown B.produced
C.perfectedD.examined
解析:
选C 词义猜测题。
根据“sothatfarmersorindividualgrowersalwayshavethebestseedsavailable”可知,optimize与perfect的意思相近。
9.Accordingtothetext,clonedplants________.
A.haveloweryieldthannormalplants
B.needlesscarefrompeople
C.preventvariouskindsofdiseases
D.haveashortergrowthcycle
解析:
选D 细节理解题。
从第二段中的“Clonedplantsalsoreproducefaster,limitingtheamountoftimebetweenplantingandharvesting.”可知,克隆的植物的生长周期短。
10.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?
A.Thefruitsproducedbyclonedplantstastemuchbetter.
B.Therearemoreclonedplantsthannormalplantsnow.
C.Plantcloningcandisturbthelawsofnature.
D.Peopleshouldavoideatingclonedfruits.
解析:
选C 推理判断题。
从最后一段中的“Byplantcloningwehaveapopulationofidenticalplantsandalltheseplantsequallysufferfromthesamediseases,butinnaturetheweakwoulddieandthestrongwouldsurvive.”可知,克隆会破坏自然界的规律。
11.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?
A.Towarnthenegativeeffectsofplantcloning.
B.Toshowdifferentkindsofplantcloning.
C.Topredictthefutureofplantcloning.
D.Tointroducetheadvantagesofplantcloning.
解析:
选D 写作目的题。
文章的第二、三、四段都是在介绍植物克隆的好处,所以本文的目的是介绍植物克隆的好处。
D
TheworldfamousBritishMuseumhasasecret:
ahiddenstudywhereanyonecanrequestprivateviewingsofprintsanddrawingsbyRembrandt,Michelangeloandmore.
OnthefourthflooroftheBritishMuseum,inaquietcorner,isanordinarydoor.Ifirstopenedthedoorafewyearsago,andwasshownintoaroomwithaglassceilingandcabinetsfilledwithcardboardboxes.ThoseboxesholdBritain’snationalcollectionofprintsanddrawings.
Studyingaworkofartinyourowntimeatadeskisaverydifferentexperiencefromlookingatitinamuseumoragallery.Itismuchclosertohowtheartiststhemselveswouldhaveviewedtheirwork.Iwasdrawnintoth
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