大学英语四年级阅读理解试题及答案.docx

大学英语四年级阅读理解试题及答案.docx

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大学英语四年级阅读理解试题及答案

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大学英语四年级阅读理解试题及答案

大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案（四）十六

Treesshouldonlybeprunedwhenthereisagoodandclearreasonfordoingsoand,fortunately,thenumberofsuchreasonsissmall.Pruninginvolvesthecuttingawayofobergrownandunwantedbranches,andtheinexperiencedgardenercanbeencouragedbythethoughtthatmoredamageresultsfromdoingitunnecessarilythanfromleavingthetreetogrowinitsownway.

First,pruningmaybedonetomakesurethattreeshaveadesiredshapeorsize.Theobjectmaybetogetatreeoftherightheight,andatthesametimetohelpthegrowthofsmallsidebrancheswhichwillthickenitsappearanceorgiveitaspecialshape.Secondly,pruningmaybedonetomakethetreehealthier.Youmaycutdiseaedordeadwood,orbranchesthatarerubbingagainsteachotherandthuscausewounds.Thehealthofatreemaybeencouragedbyremovingbranchesthatareblockingupthecentreandsopreventingthefreemovementofair.

Oneresultofpruningisthatanopenwoundisleftonthetreeandthisprovidesaneasyentryfordisease,butitisa

woundthatwillheal.Oftenthereisaracebetweenthehealingandthedeseaseastowhetherthetreewillliveordie,sothatthereisaperiodwhenthetreeisatrisk.Itshouldbetheaimofeverygardenertoreducewhichhasbeenprunedsmoothandclean,forhealingwillbesloweddownbyroughness.Youshouldallowthecutsurfacetodryforafewhursandthenpaintitwithoneofthesubstancesavailablefromgardenshopsproducedespeciallyforthispurpose.Pruningisusuallywithoutinterferencefromtheleavesandalsoitisveryunlikelythatthecutsyumakewillbleed.Ifthisdoeshappen,itis,ofcourse,impossibletopaintthemproperly.

shouldbedoneto______.

thetreegrowtaller

theshapeofthetree

ridofthesmallbranches

thesmallbranchesthicker

becomeunhealthyifthegardener______.toomanybranchestogrowinthemiddle

notprotectthemfromwind

themtogrowtooquickly

someofthesmallsidebranches

isaspecialsubstancepaintedonthetreemakeawoundsmooth

preventdiseaseenteringawound

coveraroughsurface

helpawoundtodry

goodgardenerprunesatree______.

intervalsthroughouttheyear

quicklyaspossible

whennecessary

everywinter

wastheauthor'spurposewhenwritingthispassagegivepraticalinstructionforpruningatree.

giveageneraldescriptionofpruning

explainhowtreesdevelopdiseases

discussdifferentmethodsofpruning.

答案：

babca

十七

OnThursdayafternoonMrs.Carke,dressedforgoingout,tookherhandbagwithhermoneyandherkeyinit,pulledthedoorbehindhertolockitandwenttotheover60sClub.ShealwayswentthereonThursdays.Itwasaniceoutingforanoldwomanwholivedalone.

Atsixo'clockshecanehome,letherselfinandatoncesmeltcigarettesmoke.CigarettesmokeinherhouseHowHowHadsomeonegotinShecheckedthebackdoorandthewindows.Allwerelockedorfastened,asusual.Therewasnosignofforcedentry.

Overacupofteashewonderedwhethersomeonemighthaveakeythatfittedherfrontdoor-"amasterkey"perhaps.SoshestayedathomethefollowingThursday.Nothinghappened.WasanyonewatchinghermovementsOntheThursdayafterthatshe

wentoutatherusualtime,dressedasusual,butshedidn'tgototheclub.Insteadshetookashortcuthomeagain,lettingherselfinthroughhergardenandthebackdoor.Shesettleddowntowait.

Itwasjustafterfouro'clockwhenthefrontdoorbell.Clarkewasmakingacupofteaatthetime.Thebellrangagain,andthensheheardherletter-boxbeingpushedopen.Withthekettleofboilingwaterinherhand,shemovedquietlytowardsthefrontdoor.Alongpieceofwireappearedthroughtheletter-box,andthenahand.Thewireturnedandcaughtaroundtheknobonthedoor-lock.Mrs.Clarkeraisedthekettleandpouredthewateroverthehand.Therewasashoutoutside,andtheskinseemedtodropoffthefingerslikeaglove.Thewirefelltothefloor,thehandwaspulledback,andMrs.Clarkeheardthesoundofrunningfeet.

.ClarkeloodedforwardtoThursdaybecause_______.workedataclubontheday

saidvisitorsonThursdays

visitedaclubonThursday

specialvisitorcameonThursday

someonehadmadeaforcedentery,_______.

wouldhavefoundabrokendoororwindoworshewasstillinthehouse

wouldhavebeenthownabout

orshewouldhaveneededamasterkey

thethirdThursdayMrs.Clarkewentout_______.shedidn'twanttomisstheclubagainseeifthethiefwashngingaboutoutside

theclubbutthenchangedhermind

anattempttotrickthethief

lockonthefrontdoorwasonewhich_______.apieceofwiretoopenit

heopenedfrominsidewithoutakey

'tbeopenedwithoutakey

aknobinsteadofakey

wirefeeltothefloor_______.

refusedtoopenthedoor

theman'sglovedroppedoff

itwastoohottohold

themanjustwantedtogetaway

答案：

cadbd

十八

Manypeoplebelievetheglarefromsnowcauses

snowblindnenss.Yet,darkglassesornot,theyfindthemselvessufferingfromheadachesandwateringeyes,andeven

snowblindness,whenexposedtoseveralhoursof"snowlight".TheUnitedStatesArmyhasnowdeterminedthatglarefromsnowdoesnotcausesnowblindnessintroopsinasnow-covered,aman'seyesfrequentlyfindnothingtofoucsoninabroadexpanseofbarrensnow-coveredterrain.Sohisgazecontinuallyshiftsandjumpsbackandforthovertheentirelandscapeinsearchoftsomethingtolookat.Findingnothing,

hourafterhour,theeyesneversotpsearchingandtheeyeballsbecomesoreandtheeyemusclesache.Natureoffsetsthisirritationbyproducingmoreandfluidwhichcoverstheeyeball.Thefluidcoverstheeyeballinincreasingquantityuntilvisionblurs,thenisobsured,andtheresultistotal,eventhoughtemporary,snowblindness.

ExperimentsledtheArmytoasimplemethodofovercomingthisproblem.Scoutsaheadofamainbodyoftroopsaretrainedtoshakesnowfromevergreenbushes,creatingadottedlineastheycrosscompletelysnow-coveredlandscape,Eventhescoutsthemselvesthrowlightweight,darkcoloredobjectsaheadonwhichtheytoocanfocus.Themenfollowingcanthenseegazeisarrested.Theireyesfocusonabushandhavingfoundsomethingtosee,stopscouringthe

snow-blanketedlanscape.Byfocusingtheirattentionononeobjectatatime,themencancrossthesnowwithoutbecominghopelesslysnowblindorlost.Inthiswaytheproblemofcrossingasolidwhiteterrainisovercome.

preventheadaches,wateringeyesandblindnesscausedbytheglarefromsnow,darkglassesare_____.

theeyesaresoretearsareproducedto________.thevision

snowblindness

theirritation

themuscles

maybeavoidedby_______.

tothesolidwhiteterrain

forsomethingtolookatinsnow-coveredterrain

theeyeswithsomethingtofoucsontheeyeballswithfluid

scoutsshakesnowfromevergreenbushesinorderto_______.

themenbehindsomethingtosee

thelandscape

themselvesinthecold

themenbehindfromlosingtheirway

suitabletitleforthispassagewouldbe_______.andhowtoovercomeit

'scureforsnowblindness

inthesnow

vision

答案：

CCCAA

十九

Waterproblemsinthefuturewillbecomenoreintenseandmorecomplex.Ourincreasingpopulationwilltremendouslyincreaseurbanwastes,primarilysewage.Ontheotherhand,increasingdemandsforwaterwilldeceasesubstantialytheamountofwateravailablefordilutingwastes.Rapidlyexpandingindustrieswhichinvolvemoreandmorecomplex

chemicalprocesseswillproducelargevolumesofliquidwastes,andmanyofthesewillcontainchemicalswhicharenoxious.Tofeedourrapidlyexpandingpopulation,agriculturewillhavetobeintensified.Thiswillinvolveever-increasingquantitiesofagriculturalchemicals,Fromthis,itisapparentthatdrasticstepsmustbetakenimmediatelytodevelopcorrectivemeasuresforthepollutionproblem.

Therearetwowaysbywhichthispollutionproblemcanbedwindled.Thefirstrelatestothetreatmentofwastestodecreasetheirpollutionhazard.Thisinvolvestheprocessingofsolidwastes"priorto"disposalandthetreatmentofliquidwastes,orefflunets,topermitthereuseofthewaterorminimizepollutionuponfinaldisposal.

Asecondapproachistodevelopaneconomicuseforallorapartofthewastes.Farmmanureisspreadinfieldsasanutrientororganicsupplement.Effluentsfromsewagedisposalplantsareusedinsomeareasbothforirrigationandforthenutrientscontained.Efflunetsfromotherprocessingplantsmayalsobeusedasasupplementalsourceofwater.Manyindustries,suchasmeatandpoultryprocessingplants,arecurrentlyconvertingformerwasteproductsintomarketable

byproducts.Otherindustriesarepotentialeonomicusesforwasteproducts.

purposeofthispassageis______.

alertthereadertothedwindlingwatersupplyexplainindustrialusesofwater

acquaintthereaderwithwaterpollutionproblemsdemostratevariousmeasurestosolvethepollutionproblem

ofthefollowingpointsisNOTINCLUDEDinthepassage

dustrialdevelopmentincudesthesimplificationofcomplexchemicalprocesses.

wastesneedscertainamountofwater

forwaterwillgoupalongwiththeexpandingpopulation

cultivationoflandrequiresmoreandmorechemicals

readercanconcluedthat________.

oftheworldwillworktogetheronpolutionproblems

fromwastesleadtoamoreprosperousmarketplace

ismakinggreatprogressonincreasingwatersupplies

industriesarenow,akingeconomicuseofwastes

authorgivessubstancetothepassagethroughtheuseof_______.

withauthoritiesinthefieldofwatercontr