湖北省武汉市人教版八年级下册英语期末备考讲义专项训练重点短语辨析+比较级最高级专题+写作提升.docx
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湖北省武汉市人教版八年级下册英语期末备考讲义专项训练重点短语辨析+比较级最高级专题+写作提升.docx
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湖北省武汉市人教版八年级下册英语期末备考讲义专项训练重点短语辨析+比较级最高级专题+写作提升
学员编号:
年级:
初二课时数:
3
学员姓名:
辅导科目:
英语学科教师:
授课类型
T (重点短语辨析)
C(比较级最高级专题)
T(写作能力提升)
授课日期及时段
教学内容
1、引入(3分钟)
Whatdoyouthinkofthegreenapple?
二、同步知识梳理(15分钟)
知识点1:
高频动词短语辨析turn,put,send,make
知识点2:
以how开头的特殊疑问句
知识点3:
复合不定代词
知识点1:
辨析send/send from/send up/send off
1.sendoff寄出
Youfillinbothpartsoftheform,thensenditoff.
2.send up
(1)发出;射出;呈递
(2)把……往上送,发射(3)sendup使上升,发射
3.send …from发送,传送
Tosenddatafromoneplaceandtoreceivethedataatanotherplace
从一个地方发送数据,在另一个地方接收这个数据。
4.Sendfor派人去请。
Sheisill,pleasesendforadocter.
辨析:
thinkabout,thinkof,thinkover
1.thinkabout想,考虑指考虑解决某一问题
I’mthinkindaboutaproblem.我正在考虑一个问题。
Pleasethinkabouthowtotellherthenews.
2.Thinkof关心,思考,想起,考虑表示考虑可与thinkabout替换
Healwaysthinkofothersmorethanhimself.
3.thinkover仔细考虑
Youhadbetterthinkitoverbeforeyoudoit.
辨析put短语
1.putdown记下,写下;镇压2.putforward提出...3.putin插话,
4.putoff推迟5.puton穿上6.putout伸出,熄灭
7.putthrough完成8.puttogether装配9.putup举起,张贴
10.putupwith容忍
Make用法辨析:
1.makesb+n是某人成为.....
Wemakehimcapital.
2.makesb/sth+adj使某人感到.......、使某物.......
Theymakemelaugh.
3.Makesb/sth+done使某人/某物被........
Shespokealoudtomakeherselfheard.
4.makesb/sthto使某人/某物做某事被动语态to还原sd/sthbemadetodo
Shemademewaitforalongtime.
turn用法辨析:
1.turnup出现;开大(音量);到达,发生2.turnagainst背叛3.turnon旋开(电灯等)
4.turnoff关上(电灯等)5.turndown开小(音量)6.turnover翻转
7.turnin交出;交8.turnto找某人寻求帮助;翻到;转向9.turninto变成
10.turnout结果是/关掉/查明/生产
知识点2:
以how开头的特殊疑问句
1.How long “时间多久或物体多长”. 表.
回答是时间段,如 “for three days”, “three years”
“How long were you away last year?
” “About two weeks”
2. How often “多少时间一次或每隔多久”
回答是 “Twice a year”. “Three times a week”.
“How often do you watch TV?
” “Tree times a week.”
3. How soon “多久之后”
回答为:
“ in + 时间段” e.g. “ in two days” “in five years”
“How soon will you be ready?
” “I’ll be ready in five minutes”
4.How far表示“多远”How far is it?
知识点3:
复合不定代词
1.不定代词some,any,no与-one,-body,-thing可以组成九个复合代词。
它们是someoneanyonenoonesomebodyanybodynobodysomethinganythingnothing这些复合不定代词只有名词的性质,可以作主语、宾语等。
2.some+一般用于肯定句,any+一般用于否定句或疑问句,no+表示完全否定
*Didyoumeetanyoneonyourwayhome?
(在回家的路上你遇见什么人吗?
)
*Iamsuresomeonewillcometohelpus.(我坚信会有人来帮助我们的。
)
*Iamastranger.Iknownobodyhere.(我是一个陌生人,我不认识这里的任何人。
)
3.-one和-body的复合代词只能用于表示人,它们的形式是单数形式,但有时可以用they或them指代。
如:
*Thereissomeoneinyouroffice.Canyouhearthemtalki
*NoonewaskindertomeatthattimethanRose.(那时,没有一个人比Rose对我更好。
)
4.为-thing的复合代词只能用于指物。
如:
*Therewassomethingwrongwiththecarsohehadtostoppedit.
.这些复合不定代词如果有其它的形容词修饰,形容词必须后置。
如:
*Somebodyimportanthasarrived,I’msure.(important修饰somebody)
*IsthereanythinginterestingonTVtonight?
(interesting修饰anything)
5.all,every,each,other,another,either,neither,both
a.every只有形容词的性质,在句子中作定语。
常用于修饰单数的可数名词。
表示“每个;各个”,还可以表示“一切”。
如:
*Afterthestrongwindeveryflowerinthegardenwasgone.
*EverytimeIringyouup,yourmotheranswersit.
*Ishalldomybesttohelpyouineveryway.(我将尽用一切办法帮助你。
)
every还可以和-one,-thing,-body构成复合不定代词,即:
everyone,everything,everybody。
其中,everyone和everybody用于指人,意思一样,都是“每人;大家”,形式上表示单数意思上可以表示单数也可以表示复数。
everything用于指物,意思是“每件事;一切”,形式上表示单数意思上可以表示单数也可以表示复数。
如:
*Onecan’thaveeverything.
*Everythinggoeswellwithme.
*Thetownissosmallthateverybodyknowseverybodyels
注意:
在使用everyone时要注意和everyone相区别。
everyone是一个不定代词而everyone是一个词组,前者只能指人而后者既可以指人也可以指物。
请注意下列例句:
*EveryonewillbehereexceptPatrick.(everyone指人)
*Everyoneofthechildrenwillgetagift.(everyone也指人)
*Weplayedseveralmatchesagainstthevisitors,butunluckilylosteveryone.(everyone指物)
b.each的意思是“每个;各自的”,可以指人,也可以指物。
如:
*Ileavehomeat7a.m.eachday.
*Oneachfloorthereareabouttwentyclassrooms.
*Eachofthemhasreceivedaletter.
由于each和every的意思相近,都表示“每一个”,因此要特别注意它们的区别。
each所描述的对象至少是两个数目中的每一个,而every所描述的对象至少是三个数目中的每一个;every着重强调整体的含义而each着重强调个别;every只能作形容词放于名词前而each可以作形容词、代词和副词.
三、同步题型分析(10分钟)
题型1:
短语辨析
例1.ManysocialworkerswenttoYa’antohelp cleanwaterandfoodtolocalpeopletoreducetheirpainfromtheearthquake.
A.putout B.comeout C.workout D.giveout
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查动词短语的辨析。
putout扑灭;comeout出版;workout算出;giveout分发。
例2.Whenhesawawalletontheground,he______atonce.
A.pickeditupB.gaveitupC.pickedupit
【答案】A
例3.Theboyissleeping.Please_____theradio.
A.turnupB.turndownC.turnon
【答案】B
测试题1.—It’severyone’sdutytojointheCleanYourPlateCampaign.
—Sure.Weshouldtryto_______allthefoodthatwe’veordered.
A.giveup B.eatup C.turnup D.showup
答案】B
【解析】考查动词短语的辨析。
giveup“放弃”,eatup“吃光”,turnup“调大”,showup“出现”。
根据句意“测试题2.—Whatsmellsterrible?
—Sorry,I’ll_______myshoesandwashthematonce.
A.putaway B.takeaway C.moveaway D.getaway
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词短语的辨析。
putaway“收起来”,takeaway“拿走”moveaway“搬走”,getaway“离开”。
根据句意测试题3.—Mum,wherearemysocks?
—Underyourbed.Youshould_________yourthings.
A.puton B.putdown C.putaway
【答案】C
解析】选C。
考查固定短语。
各选项的意思为:
puton穿上、戴上;putdown放下;putaway收拾、整理。
又由于
题型2:
how+特殊疑问句
例1. “_______have they studied English?
” “They have studied English for three years.”
A. How long B. How many C. How often D. How soon answer A
例2. “______will he leave here?
” “He will leave here in a month”
A. How oftenB. How long C. How soon D. How many times answer C
例3. “____does he watch TV” “Once a week.”
A. How long B. How soon C. How often D. How many answer C
例4. I don’t know_______ he will get here.
A. how long B. how soon C. how often D. how many answer B
测试题1. “_____does he take this medicine?
” “Twice a day.”
A. How soon B. How long C. How much D. How often answer D
测试题2. “_______have you been at this factory?
” “I have been here since 1993.”
A. When B. How long C. How often D. What time answer B
测试题3. “________can you finish this work?
”
A. How often B. How soon C. How long D. How far answer B
测试题4. “__________ will he stay here?
”
A. How many times B. How often C. what time D. How long answer D
题型3:
复合不定代词
例1.Thereis________withmycomputer.Ican’tworkon.
A.wronganythingB.anythingwrongC.wrongsomethingD.somethingwrong
例2.Whohelpedyoucleantheclassroomyesterday?
________.Icleaneditallbymyself.
A.SomebodyB.NobodyC.EverybodyD.everyone
例 3.Thereisn't____milkinthefridge.You'dbetterbuysome.
A.no B.any C.some
测试题 1.Thereisn't____waterinthecup.
A.any B.many C.some D.the
测试题 2.Thebottleisempty.Thereis____init.
A.anything B.something C.nothing
测试题3. Everything ______ ready. We can start now.
A. are B. is C. be D. were
总结:
1.辨析不同不定代词的用法
2.根据语法和语境选择
3.注意复合不定代词作主语,和反义疑问句的使用
解题技巧:
1.熟记词汇和短语辨析。
2根据句义和语境直接作答。
3熟记代词辨析,排除作答。
三.课堂达标检测(10分钟)
( )1. _______does your sister write to your parents?
A. How many B. How oftenC.How long D. How far answer B
( )2 ________does it take you to finish you homework every day?
A. How long B. How often C. How soon D. How much answer A
( ) 3. There’s ______ with his eyes. He’s OK.
A. anything wrong B. wrong something C. nothing wrong D. wrong nothing
( ) 4. —The story is so amazing!
It’s the most interesting story I’ve ever read.
—But I’m afraid it won’t be liked by ______.
A. everybody B. somebody C. anybody D. nobody
( ) 5. She listened carefully, but heard ______.
A. anyone B. someone C. everyone D. nothing
( ) 6. I agree with most of what you said, but I don’t agree with ______.
A. everything B. anything C. something D. nothing
( ) 7. —Everyone is here today, ______?
—No, Han Mei isn’t here. She’s ill.
A. isn’t it B. isn’t he C. are they D. isn’t everyone
( ) 8. Everything goes well, ______?
A. is it B. isn’t it C. do they D. doesn’t it
( ) 9.----“Thereisn't____waterhere.Couldyouget____forme?
”
----“Allringht.”
A.some;some B.any;any C.some;any D.any;some
( ) 10.Bequiet!
Ihave____totellyou.
A.importantanything B.anythingimportant
C.importantsomething D.somethingimportant
( ) 11.Putitdown,Tom.Youmustn'tread____letter.
A.anyone'selse's B.anyone'selse
C.anyoneelse's D.anyoneelse
( ) 12.Thereisn't____paperinthebox.Willyougoandget____forme?
A.any;some B.any;any C.some;some D.some;any
( ) 13. I’m hungry. I want ______ to eat.
A. anything B. something C. everything D. nothing
( ) 14. —Do you have ______ to say for yourself?
—No, I have ______ to say.
A. something; everything B. nothing; something
C. everything; anything D. anything; nothing
( ) 15. Why not ask ______ to help you?
A. everyone B. someone C. anyone D. none
四.总结。
(2分钟)
1.知识点(20分钟)
原级
分级比较级
形最高级1.直接加er/est
2.以e结尾加r/st
词单/双音节3.以辅音加y结尾,变y为i加er/est
4.重读闭音节结尾,双写末尾字母加er/est
副规则变化
词比较级:
在单词前加more
*三或三个以上音节
构成最高级:
在单词前加most
Good/well--better--bestfar--farther--farthest
*不规则变化bad/badly--worse--worstfurther--furthest
Many/much--more--mostlittle--less--least
一.比较级的用法:
(一)当两个人或事物(A和B)进行比较时,我们需要用到形容词(副词)的原级或者比较级
1.表达“A和B一样”,用as…as的结构。
公式:
A+be动词+as+形容词原级+as…+B
A+实义动词+as+副词原级+as…+B
例如Iamastallasyou.我和你一样高。
HerunsasfastasI.他跑得和我一样快。
2.表达“A不如B”用notas…as的结构。
公式:
A+be动词的否定形式+as+形容词原级+as…+B
A+助词的否定形式+动词+as+形容词原级+as…+B
例如Iamnotastallasyou.我没有你高。
Hedoesn’trun
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