43 Unit 4 Using Language教师版《课时同步君》学年高一英语人教版必修3.docx
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43 Unit 4 Using Language教师版《课时同步君》学年高一英语人教版必修3.docx
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43Unit4UsingLanguage教师版《课时同步君》学年高一英语人教版必修3
Unit4Astronomy:
thescienceofthestars
第3节UsingLanguage
一、单词拼写
结合语境,根据首字母或汉语提示用单词的适当形式填空。
1.Tryand________(振奋)upabit;lifeisn’tthatbadasyouthink!
2.Heisa________(温和)personandweallconsiderhimasagentleman.
3.Atruckwentoutofcontroland________(碰撞)intothebackofabus.
4.Thingsfalltothegroundbecauseoftheearth’s________(万有引力).
5.WhenIfirstcametoAmerica,Ifounditdifficultformetoadapttothe________(气候)there.
6.Afteralongjourney,thechildrenwerealle________.
7.Hefoundsomethingf________onthelakewhenhewokeup,whichfrightenedhim.
8.Theoldladye________onlyoncoffeeandbread.
9.Shelistenedwithap________expressiononherface.
10.Ifyoutakethismedicineontime,itwilll________thepainonyourback.
【答案】
1.cheer2.gentle
3.crashed4.gravity
5.climate6.exhausted
7.floating8.exists
9.puzzled10.lessen
二、选词填空
prevent...(from...),nowthat,intime,beharmfulto,inone’sturn,givebirthto,cheerup,breakout,watchoutfor,getthehangof,accordingto,inalldirections,asaresultof,blockout,getcloseto
1.______________you’vefinishedyourhomework,youcangoandplayfootballtohavearest.
2.Doyourbestinyourcareer,you’llsucceed______________.
3.Hissister______________ababyinhospitalyesterday.
4.Hefailedthefinalexam______________hislazinessandcarelessness.
5.Weshould____________thetrees____________(cut).
6.Stayinguplate______________health.
7.Theyputontheplay______________.
8.______________thecomingcar!
9.Thebirdflu_____________inthecityanditsoonspreadallthroughthecountry.
10.WheneverIfeelfrustrated,mymotheralwaystriesto____________me____________.
11._____________therecentresearch,thenumberofchildrenwhohavenointerestinreadinghasbeenreduced.
12.Whenthepolicearrived,thecrowdscattered______________.
13.Itisn’tdifficulttousecomputersonceyou______________it.
14.Thetreeintheneighbor’sgarden_______________alotoflight.
15.Walkinginthewoods,youwill______________natureandtakeexerciseatthesametime.
【答案】
1.Nowthat2.intime
3.gavebirthto4.asaresultof
5.prevent;frombeingcut6.isharmfulto
7.intheirturn8.Watchoutfor
9.brokeout10.cheer;up
11.Accordingto12.inalldirections
13.getthehangof14.blockedout
15.getcloseto
三、完成句子
1.地球变得激烈动荡,不知道这个固体形状是否会继续存在下去。
Theearthbecame________violent________itwasnotclearwhethertheshapewouldlastornot.
2.水对生命的发展会起关键作用,这一点在当时并不明显。
_________________________________________waterwastobefundamentaltothedevelopmentoflife.
3.这就产生了一系列的反应,使得生命有可能开始发展了。
This produceda chainreaction,which________________________forlifetodevelop.
4.它们一般是通过孵蛋来繁衍后代的。
Theyproducedyounggenerallyby________________.
5.他们把过多的二氧化碳释放到大气层中,这使得地球上的热不能释放到太空中去。
Theyareputtingtoomuchcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere,which________heat________escapingfromtheearthintospace.
【答案】
1.so;that 2.Itwasnotimmediatelyobviousthat
3.madeitpossible 4.layingeggs
5.prevents;from
四、阅读理解
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
Theoddnessoflifeinspaceneverquitegoesaway.Herearesomeexamples.
Firstconsidersomethingassimpleassleep.Itspositionpresentsitsownchallenges.Themainquestioniswhetheryouwantyourarmsinsideoroutsidethesleepingbag.Ifyouleaveyourarmsout,theyfloatfreeinzerogravity,oftengivingasleepingastronautthelookofafunnyballed(芭蕾)dancer."I’maninsideguy,"MikeHopkinssays,whoreturnedfromasix-monthtourontheInternationalSpaceStation."Iliketobewrappedup."
Onthestation,theordinarybecomesstrange.TheexercisebikefortheAmericanastronautshasnohandlebars.Italsohasnoseat.Withnogravity,it’sjustaseasytopedalviolently.Youcanwatchamoviewhileyoupedalbyfloatingamicrocomputeranywhereyouwant.Butstationresidentshavetobecarefulaboutstayinginoneplacetoolong.Withoutgravitytohelpcirculateair,thecarbondioxideyouexhale(呼气)hasatendencytoformaninvisible(隐形的)cloudaroundyourhead.Youcanendupwithwhatastronautscallacarbon-dioxideheadache.
LeroyChiao,54,anAmericanretiredastronautafterfourflights,describeswhathappensevenbeforeyoufloatoutofyourseat,"Yourinnerearthinksyou’refalling.Meanwhileyoureyesaretellingyouyou’restandingstraight.Thatcanbeannoying—that’swhysomepeoplefeelsick."Withinacoupleofdays—trulyterribledaysforsome—astronauts’brainslearntoignorethepanickysignalsfromtheinnerear,andspacesicknessdisappears.
Spacetravelcanbesodelightfulbutatthesametimeinvisiblydangerous.Forinstance,astronautslosebonemass.That’swhyexerciseisconsideredsovitalthatNationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration(NASA)putsitrightontheworkdayschedule.Thefocusonfitnessisasmuchaboutscienceandthefutureasitisaboutkeepinganyindividualastronauthealthy.NASAisworriedabouttwothings:
recoverytimeonceastronautsreturnhome,and,moreimportantly,howtomaintainstrengthandfitnessforthetwoandahalfyearsormorethatitwouldtaketomakearound-triptoMars.
1.Whatisthemajorchallengetoastronautswhentheysleepinspace?
A.Decidingonapropersleepposition.
B.Choosingacomfortablesleepingbag.
C.Seekingawaytofallasleepquickly.
D.Findingarighttimetogotosleep.
2.Theastronautswillsufferfromacarbon-dioxideheadachewhen____________.
A.theycirclearoundontheirbikes
B.theyusemicrocomputerswithoutastop
C.theyexerciseinoneplaceforalongtime
D.theywatchamoviewhilepedaling
3.Someastronautsfeelsickonthestationduringthefirstfewdaysbecause____________.
A.theirsensesstopworking
B.theyhavetostandupstraight
C.theyfloatoutoftheirseatsunexpectedly
D.theirbrainsreceivecontradictorymessages
4.OneoftheNASA’smajorconcernsaboutastronautsis____________.
A.howmuchexercisetheydoonthestation
B.howtheycanremainhealthyforlonginspace
C.whethertheycanrecoverafterreturninghome
D.whethertheyareabletogobacktothestation
【答案】
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。
本文通过举例说明了太空生活的奇妙:
在太空睡觉时,对宇航员来说主要的挑战在于恰当的睡眠姿势;宇航员在一个地方运动久了会出现碳毒性头痛;宇航员的大脑接收到矛盾的信息时会感到恶心。
最后告诉我们美国国家宇航局对宇航员主要的担心是宇航员回家后的修养期和如何在太空长久地保持健康。
1.A【解析】细节理解题。
根据第二段第一、二句"Firstconsidersomethingassimpleassleep.Itspositionpresentsitsownchallenges."可知在太空睡觉时,对宇航员来说主要的挑战在于恰当的睡眠姿势。
故选A项。
2.C【解析】细节理解题。
根据第三段中的"Butstationresidentshavetobecarefulaboutstayinginoneplacetoolong.…Youcanendupwithwhatastronautscallacarbon-dioxideheadache."可知宇航员在一个地方运动久了会出现碳毒性头痛。
故选C项。
3.D【解析】推理判断题。
根据第四段中的"Yourinnerearthinksyou’refalling.Meanwhileyoureyesaretellingyouyou’restandingstraight.Thatcanbeannoying—that’swhysomepeoplefeelsick."可知宇航员在大脑接收到矛盾的信息时会感到恶心。
故选D项。
4.B【解析】细节理解题。
根据最后一段倒数第一、二句"Thefocusonfitnessisasmuchaboutscienceandthefutureasisaboutkeepinganyindividualastronauthealthy…NASAisworriedabouttwothings:
…and,moreimportantly,howtomaintainstrengthandfitness…"可知美国国家宇航局对宇航员主要的担心之一是如何在太空长久地保持健康。
故选B项。
B
Doyouwanttogethomefromworkknowingyouhavemadearealdifferenceinsomeone’slife?
fyes,don’tcareaboutsexorage!
Comeandjoinus,andthenyou’llmakeit.
Position:
VolunteerSocialCareAssistant(NoPaywithFreeMeals)
Place:
Manchester
Hours:
PartTime
Wearenowlookingforvolunteerstosupportpeoplewithlearningdisabilitiestoliveactivelives!
Only4daysleft.Don’tmissthechanceoflendingyourwarmhandstohelpothers!
Role:
Youwillprovidepeoplewithlearningdisabilitieswithallaspectsoftheirdailylives.Youwillhelpthemtodevelopnewskills.Youwillhelpthemtoprotecttheirrightsandtheirsafety.Butyourprimary(首要的;主要的)concernistoletthemknowtheyarevalued.
SkillsandExperienceRequired:
Youwillhavetherightvaluesandgreatlisteningskills.Youwillbehonestandpatient.YouwillhavetheabilitytodriveacarandtocommunicateinfluentwrittenandspokenEnglishsinceyou’llhavetohelpthosepeoplewithdifferentlearningdisabilities.Previouscare-relatedexperiencewillbeagreatadvantageforyou.
5.Thetextismeantto____________.
A.leaveanote
B.sendaninvitation
C.carryanadvertisement
D.presentadocument
6.Thevolunteers’primaryresponsibilityistohelppeoplewithlearningdisabilities____________.
A.togetsomefinancialsupport
B.torealizetheirownimportance
C.toproperlyprotectthemselves
D.tolearnsomenewlivingskills
7.Whichofthefollowingcanfirstbechosenasavolunteer?
A.Theonewhohasdonesimilarworkbefore.
B.Theonewhocandriveacar.
C.Theonewhohaspatiencetolistentoothers.
D.TheonewhocanuseEnglishtocommunicate.
【答案】
【语篇解读】本文为应用文,题材为新闻广告类。
本文是为一项活动招募志愿者,详细列举了工作内容、地点、时间、角色、要求等。
5.C【解析】细节理解题。
根据本文黑体字部分的说明:
Position,Place,Hours,Role,SkillsandExperienceRequired可知,这是一则招募广告,所以答案为C项。
很明显这不是留纸条来说明某事,排除A项;也不是给谁发出邀请函,排除B项;更不是向读者展示一份文件,排除D项。
6.B【解析】推理判断题。
根据黑体字Role部分的最后一句话Butyourprimaryconcernistoletthemknowtheyarevalued.可推断出,志愿者的主要任务是让这些学习能力有缺陷的人感到自己受到了大家的重视,让他们意识到自己的重要性,所以答案为B项。
A:
得到一些财政支持;C:
恰当地保护他们自己;D学会一些新的生活技能。
这三个选项与原文意思不符。
7.A【解析】细节理解题。
根据最后一段的最后一句话Previouscare-relatedexperiencewillbeagreatadvantageforyou.可知,以前有过类似工作经历的人会被优先选中,所以答案为A项。
其他三项所列举的都不是优先被选中的条件。
五、七选五
根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
Itiseasyformanypeopletocatchacoldinthespringtimeorfall.Itm
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