名词性从句讲解及专项练习习题及其解答.docx
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名词性从句讲解及专项练习习题及其解答.docx
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名词性从句讲解及专项练习习题及其解答
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名词性从句讲解
在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。
它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
名词性从句是中学阶段的一个重要语法项目,在历年的高考中几乎都涉及到,并且每年的命题各有变化。
分析历届高考试题名词性从句考查的焦点主要有以下六个方面
1.考查名词性从句的语序问题2.考查引导词that与what的区别
3.考查it在名词性从句中作形式主语或形式宾语的用法4.考查whether与if的区别
5.考查名词性从句中的疑问词+ever引导的名词性从句与nomatter+疑问词引导的状语从句的区别6.考查名词性从句的虚拟语气问题
语法要点剖析一、名词性从句主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句,在整个句子中所起的作用,相当于一个名词。
因此,这四种从句通称为名词性从句。
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类:
that,whether,if(不充当从句的任何成分)连接词:
what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whose,which.连接代词:
when,where,how,why连接副词:
主语从句1.
ifwhether作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。
主语从句通常由从属连词that,,,whenwhoever,whatever,以及连接副词how,whichwhowhat和连接代词,,在句中无词义,只起连接作用;连接代词和连接副等词引导。
thatwhywhere,1/18
词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用,在从句中充当从句的成分。
例如:
Whathewantstotellusisnotclear.他要跟我们说什么,还不清楚。
我们都知道他是如何成为一名Itisknowntoushowhebecameawriter.
作家的。
WheretheEnglisheveningwillbeheldhasnotyetbeenannounced.
英语晚会将在哪里举行,还没有宣布。
代替主语从句作形式主语放于it有时为避免句子头重脚轻,常用形式主语句首,而把主语从句置于句末。
主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。
常用句型如下:
+that形容词It+be+2从句()名词
(1)It+be++that从句+that
It+be+不及物动词It+)动词的过去分词+that从句4()(3从句另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时,“(should)+do”谓语动词要用虚拟语气,常用的句型有:
Itisnecessary(important,natural,strange,etc.)that…Itisapity(ashame,nowonder,etc.)that…Itissuggested(requested,proposed,desired,etc.)that…宾语从句2.
名词句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。
引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样,在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。
2/18
1.由连接词that引导的宾语从句
由连接词that引导宾语从句时,that在句中不担任任何成分,在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去,但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。
例如:
Hehastoldmethathewillgototomorrow.他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。
Wemustneverthink(that)wearegoodineverythingwhileothersaregoodin
nothing.
Iwanttoknowwhathehastoldyou.我想知道他告诉了你什么。
例如:
她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。
Shealwaysthinksofhowshecanworkwell.
凡需要帮助的人,她都会Shewillgivewhoeverneedshelpawarmsupport.
给予热情的支持。
引导的宾语从句,其主语和谓语的顺序也不能颠倒,仍保if3.用whether或的意思讲时在下列情况下一般只“是否”if持陈述句语序。
此外,whether与在作if:
,不用能用whether引导从句作介词宾引导表语从句时;c.a.引导主语从句并在句首时;b.
后接动词不定式时。
“ornot”时;e.从句后有语时;d.
Whetherthereislifeonthemoonisaninterestingquestion.例如:
月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。
一切要看我们是否有Everythingdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughmoney.
足够的钱。
注意宾语从句中的时态呼应,当主句动词是现在时,从句根据自身的句4.
子情况,而使用不同时态。
3/18
例如:
hestudiesEnglisheveryday.(从句用一般现在时)
hestudiedEnglishlastterm.(从句用一般过去时)
Iknow(that)hewillstudyEnglishnextyear.(从句用一般将来时)
hehasstudiedEnglishsince1998.(从句用现在完成时)
当主句动词是过去时态(could,would除外),从句则要用相应的过去时态,如一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时等;当从句表示的是客观真理,科学原理,自然现象,则从句仍用现在时态。
例如:
TheteachertoldusthatTomhadleftusforAmerica.
5.think,believe,imagine,suppose等等动词引起的否定性宾语从句中,要把上述主句中的动词变为否定式。
即将从句中的否定形式移到主句中。
例如:
Wedon'tthinkyouarehere.我们认为你不在这。
Idon'tbelievehewilldoso.我相信他不会这样做。
3.表语从句
4.同位语从句
that作为关系代词,可以引导定语从句,充当句子成分,在从句中作宾语时可以省略;that引导同位语从句时,起连词的作用,没有实际意义,不充当句子成分,一般不能省略。
试比较下面两个例句:
Ihadnoideathatyouwerehere.(that引导同位语从句,不能省略)
Haveyougottheidea(that)thisbookgivesyouoflifeinancientGreece?
(that引导定语从句,作宾语,可以省略)
名词性从句专项练习100题
1.Hissuccesswasbecauseof________hehadbeenworkinghard.
4/18
A.thatB.thefactwhichC.thefactthatD.thefact
2.“IsMaryfrom”“Idon'tknow_______.”
3.________makesmistakesmustcorrectthem.
A.WhatB.ThatC.WhoeverD.Whatever
4.ThereasonwhyIdidn'tgotowas________anewjob.
A.becauseIgotB.becauseofgettingC.IgotD.thatIgot
5.Itworriedherabit____herhairwasturninggrey.
A.whileB.thatC.ifD.for
6.Henrykilledthedog.I'llaskhimwhy________.
A.didhedothatB.hedidthatC.hedidD.hehasdone
so
7.HaveyouseenHenrylatelyMybosswantstoknow________.
B.howishegettingalongA.howheisgettingalong
D.whatishegettingalong
C.whatheisgettingalong
8.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild____heorshewants.
A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever
9.Heaskedme________withme.
A.whatisthetroubleB.whatwrongwas
D.whattroubleitis
C.whatwasthematter
10.Iamsure________hesaidistrue.
A.thatB.aboutthatC.ofthatD.thatwhat
11.Whenandwhyhecamehere________yet.
5/18
A.isnotknownB.arenotknownC.hasnotknownD.havenot
bee
12.Iwonderhowmuch________.
B.didthewatchcostA.doesthewatchcost
D.thewatchcosts
C.thewatchcosted
13.Maryis________someonemightrecognizeher.
A.afraidofB.afraidaboutC.afraidthatD.afraidfor
14.________isnoreasonfordismissingher.
A.BecauseshewasafewminuteslateB.Owingtoafewminutes
late
D.BeingafewminuteslateC.Thefactthatshewasafewminuteslate
B.becauseofnotallthingsbe
A.thatnotallthingscanbedone
done
C.beingnotallthingscanbedoneD.becausenotallthingscanbedone
16.Whytheexplosionoccurredwas________thelaboratoryattendanthad
beencareless.
A.forB.becauseC.sinceD.that
A.thatC.whatD.whether
B.if
18.—“Whydidyougotothewrongclass,Mr.Wang”
—“Well,Iforget_______Iwassupposedtogoto.”
A.whichtheroomB.whichroomC.whatwastheroomD.what
roomwasit
19.Outputisnowsixtimes________itwasbeforeliberation.
6/18
A.thatB.whichC.whatD.ofwhich
20.Mary:
Helenisamerewasherwoman,yetshe'snowbuyingabighouse.
Carol:
Yes.Becauseshe'salwayssaved________.
A.whatlittlesheearnsB.howlittlesheearns
D.withlittlesheearns
C.forlittlesheearns
21.______surprisedmemostwas______suchalittleboyofsevencouldplay
theviolinsowell.
A.That…whatB.What…thatC.That…whichD.What…which
22.Wegavehim________helpwecould.
A.whichB.whatC.thatD.this
23.Sheispleasedwithwhatyouhavegivenhimand________youhavetold
him.
A.thatB.whichC.allwhatD.allthat
24.Excusemewouldyoupleasetellme________
A.whenthesportsmeetistakenplaceB.whenisthesportsmeetgoing
tobeheld
D.whenthesportsmeetistotake
C.whenisthesportsmeettobegin
place
25.Doyouhappentoknow________
B.howbigshoeshewearsA.whatsizeshoeshewears
D.whatnumbershoesarehis
C.whatisthesizeofhisshoes
26.Thisbookwillshowyou________canbeusedinothercontexts.
A.howyouhaveobservedB.howwhatyouhaveobserved
7/18
C.thatyouhaveobservedD.howthatyouhaveobserved
27.Wheredoyouthink________
A.hashegoneB.hashebeenC.he'sgoneD.washe
28.Doyouknow________
A.howmanypopulationsthereareintheworld
B.howmuchpopulationthereisintheworld
C.howmanythepopulationoftheworldis
D.whatthepopulationoftheworldis
29.Wouldyougoandsee________outside
B.whatTomhashappenedA.whattotakeplace
D.whatthematterhadbeenC.whatishappening
30.ThesubjectofWhatisinterestingisthatIdonotevenknowhim.
is_______.
A.whatB.interestingC.WhatisinterestingD.I
31.________IthinkheisCharles.
A.WhodoyouthinkheisB.Doyouthinkwhoheis
D.Doyouthinkwhoheis
C.Whomdoyouthinkheis
32.Hedidn'tknowwhichroom________.
A.theylivedB.theylivedinC.didtheyliveD.didtheylive
in
33.Thelittleboyate________hismothergavehim.
D.nomatterwhat
C.whateverB.whichA.that
8/18
34.Thecityisnolonger________.
A.whatitisB.thatitusedtobeC.whichitwasD.whatitusedto
be
35.Myparentsused________theyhadtogetanewcarforme.
D.allwhat
C.whatA.whichB.that
36.________wegoswimmingeveryday________usalotofgood.
A.If…doB.That…doC.If…doesD.That…does
37.________wastheidea_______thewifethoughtof
A.What…thatB.That…whatC.How…whyD.Why…how
38._______didhetellhiswife________hewishedtodo
A.That…whatB.What…thatC.Where…whichD.Which…where
39.Oneofthemenheldtheview________thebooksaidwasright.
A.whatthatB.thatwhatC.thatwhichD.whichthat
40.Ihavenoidea________ornothehasfinishedthework.
A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.which
41.—“Doyouknow________”
—“Hisfatherisadoctor.”
A.whatishisfatherB.whoishisfather
D.whohisfatheris
C.whathisfatheris
42.Isthis________wemeteachothertwoyearsago
A.placeB.placeinwhichC.whereD.placewhich
43.It________Bobdrivesbadly.
9/18
A.thinksthatB.isthoughtwhatC.thoughtthatD.is
thoughtthat
44.Weallknowthetruth________thereareair,waterandsunlightthereare
livingthings.
A.whereB.whereverC.thatD.thatwherever
45.Theydiscussed________theycouldsettletheproblemwithoutothers'help.
A.ifB.thatC.whatD.whether
46.Sheasked________.
A.whatIwasdoingwhensherangmeupB.whatwasIdoingwhensherang
meup
C.whensherangmeupwhatIwasdoingD.whendidsheringmeupwhatI
wasdoing
47.—MayIborrowthering
—Youcantake_______youlike.
A.nomatterwhatB.whichC.whicheverD.that
48.Hesaidthathewasfondof________.
A.whatbeautifulisB.whatisbeautiful
D.whatitisbeautiful
C.beautifuliswhat
49.Heinsistedthathe________ingoodhealthand_______toworkthere.
A.was,besentB.is,issentC.be,wassentD.be,send
50.Doyouknow________heexpectswillgiveusatalk
A.whoB.whomC.thatD.whose
51.It'suncertain________theexperimentisworthdoing.
10/18
A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.how
52.Theywouldhavefixedthetelephoneyesterday_________itwasaholiday.
A.exceptB.exceptforC.exceptthatD.
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