英语被动语态知识精讲.docx
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英语被动语态知识精讲.docx
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英语被动语态知识精讲
中考英语被动语态知识精讲
中考英语被动语态
一.概念:
表示动作与主语之间是被动关系的句子是被动语态。
二.主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换
WeVisitedthatfactorylastsummer
主动语态
主语谓语宾语状语
Thatfactorywasvisitedbyuslastsummer
被动语态
主语谓语宾语状语
三.各种不同时态的主动语态与被动语态的对比
时态
主动语态
被动语态
一般现在时
am/is/are+P.P.
(1)DotheyspeakFrench?
(2)Theydon’tusetheroom.
IsFrenchspokenbythem?
Theroomisn’tusedbythem.
一般过去时
was/were+p.p.
(1)Thehunterkilledatiger.
(2)Hewrotemanystorieslastyear.
Atigerwaskilledbythehunter.
Manystorieswaswrittenbyhimlastyear.
现在进行时
am/is/are+being+p.p.
(1)Theseworkersarebuildinganewbridge.
(2)Heismendinghiscar.
Anewbridgeisbeingbuiltbytheseworkers.
Hiscarisbeingmendedbyhim.
过去进行时
was/were+being+p.p.
(1)Hewassellingbooks.
(2)Theywerediscussingtheplanatthattime.
Bookswerebeingbuiltbyhim.
Theplanwasbeingdiscussedbythematthattime.
现在完成时
have/has+been+p.p.
(1)ShehaslearnedmanyEnglishwords.
(2)Hehasfinishedthework.
ManyEnglishwordshavebeenlearnedbyher.
Theworkhasbeenfinishedbyhim.
过去完成时
had+been+p.p.
(1)Theyhassolvedtheproblem.
(2)Wehadtoldhimthenewsbythen.
Theproblemhadbeensolvedbythem.
Thenewshadbeentoldtohimbyus.
一般将来时
shall/willbe+p.p.
(1)Ishallmakeaplan.
(2)Theyaregoingtofixtheradioinanhour.
Aplanwillbemadebyme.
Theradioisgoingtobefixedbytheminanhour.
过去将来时
wouldbe+p.p.
was/weregoingtobe+p.p.
(1)Hetoldmetheywouldpainttheroom.
(2)Theyweregoingtoputonaplaythenextweek.
Hetoldmetheroomwouldbepaintedbythem.
Aplaywasgoingtobeputbythemthenextweek.
情态动词
can/may/must/should
+be+p.p.
(1)Weshouldhandinourhomework.
(2)YoumustanswerthequestioninEnglish.
Ourhomeworkshouldbehandedinbyus.
Thequestionmustbe
answeredinEnglishbyyou.
四.如何正确使用被动语态
1.有些动词带有两个宾语,即直接宾语和间接宾语,变被动语态时,可把其中一个宾语变成主语,另一个留在被动结构谓语后面。
需要注意的是:
若把直接宾语变成被动语态的主语,需要在间接宾语之间加上介词“to”。
eg.Heoftentellsusinterestingstories.(主动语态)
(被动语态)
▲常带双宾语的词有:
tell,show,lend,pass等。
2.在主动语态中,某些动词之后带有复合宾语,即宾语和宾语补足语,这个复合宾语由动词不定式来充当,to被省略,但在被动语态中,这个to还要还原。
eg.Ioftenhearhersingthispopularsong.(主动语态)
Sheisoftenheardtosingthispopularsong.(被动语态)
▲有这种用法的常用动词有:
make,let,see,hear,watch,feel,notice等。
3.有些“be+过去分词”的结构并不是被动语态,它们有可能是“系表结构(即系动词之后由过去分词来充当表语)。
”
比较:
(1)
(2)
4.只有及物动词和可有宾语的动词+介词词组才可以有被动语态。
eg.
【题型展示】
1.AtalkonChinesehistoryintheschoolhallnextweek.
A.begivenB.hasbeengivenC.willbegivenD.willgive
答案:
C
2.Tomakeourcitymorebeautiful,rubbishintotheriver.
A.needn’tbethrownB.mustn’tbethrown
C.can’tthrowD.maynotthrow
答案:
B
3.Youmaygofishingifyourwork.
A.isdoneB.willbedoneC.hasdoneD.havedone
答案:
A
4.Thetreesmustthreetimesaweek.
A.waterB.iswateringC.bewateredD.waters
答案:
C
5.—Iwon’tcometothepartyunlessSue,too.
—YoumeanifSuecomesyou’llcome?
A.willinviteB.invitesC.invitedD.isinvited
答案:
D
6.Ilikemynewbike.Itverywell.
A.ridesB.isridingC.isriddenD.hasridden
答案:
A
7.Mr.Chenhasalondvoice.Hisvoicecanclearlyeveninthatbigclassroom.
A.hearB.beheardC.behearingD.haveheard
答案:
B
8.—It’stimetodoyourhomework,Jack.
—Yes,Mum.I’llturnofftheTVassoonastheprogramme.
A.endsB.endC.willbeendedD.willend
答案:
A
9.Youtothemeeting,whydidn’tyougo?
A.beinvitedB.willbeinvitedC.wereinvitedD.areinvited
答案:
C
10.Alotoftreesalongtheriverlastyear.
A.plantedB.areplantedC.wereplanted
答案:
C
【实战模拟】
一.选择填空
1.TheriverssmellsterriblePeoplemustdirtythingsintoit.
A.bestoppedtothrowB.bestoppedfromthrowing
C.stoptothrowD.stopformthrowing
2.PaperfirstinventedinChina.
A.isB.areC.wasD.were
3.—Doyouliketheflower?
—Yes,itsweet.
A.issmellingB.smeltC.issmeltD.smells
4.Itsnowedheavilylastnight.Thegroundthicksnow.
A.wascoveredwithB.wasfilledwith
C.wasmadeofD.coveredwith
5.Thelightintheroombeforeyouleave.
A.mustturnofB.willturnoffC.areturnedD.mustbeturnedoff
6.thekindofquestionofteninyourclass,Ann?
A.Does,askB.Is,askedC.Has,askedD.Will,ask
7.Thebridgeinthreeweeks.
A.willbuildB.isbuiltC.willbebuiltD.builds
8.Theoldmenandthechildrenmustinourcountry.
A.takegoodcareB.betakengoodcare
C.takegoodcareofD.betakengoodcareof
9.Pauldoesn’thavetobemadeHealwaysworkshard.
A.learnB.tolearnC.learnedD.learning
10.Thegirlwasunhappybecauseshebysomeboysintheclass.
A.islaughedB.waslaughedC.laughedatD.waslaughedat
11.WethattheEnglishtestnextMonday.
A.aretold,givesB.tell,willgive
C.aretold,willbegivenD.told,isgoingtobegiven
12.GreatchangesplaceinChinasince1978.
A.havebeentakenB.havetakenC.hasbeentakenD.took
13.theredpencil-boxbyyourfatherlastweek?
A.Has,boughtB.Was,boughtC.Does,buyD.Did,buy
14.Marymanysongsattheparty.
A.heardsingB.heardtosingC.washeardsingD.washeardtosing
15.treesusuallyinApril?
A.Have,plantedB.Are,plantedC.Do,plantD.Were,planted
16.Whenwegotthere,thebrokenroadrepaired.
A.isbeingB.wasbeingC.hasbeenD./
17.Thewindowsoftheroomonceaweek.
A.hasbeencleanedB.iscleanedC.arecleanedD.arecleaning
18.In1620,abouthalftheUSAforests.
A.wascoveredB.wascoveredbyC.werefilledwithD.coveredwith
19.Theyoungtreethestick.
A.shouldbetiedtoB.mustbetiedbyC.shouldtietoD.canbetiedwith
20.Apresentmebymyfriendonmybirthday.
A.isgivingB.wasgiventoC.isgivenforD.willgiveto
21.Bywasthebook?
A.who,wroteB.whom,writeC.whom,writtenD.whom,writing
22.Filmsaboutcrimeandviolence(暴力与犯罪)byyoungchildren.
A.shouldnotseeB.shouldbenotseen
C.shouldnotbeseenD.shouldbeseen
23.Inwarmweatherfruitandmeatlong.
A.can’tbekeptB.don’tkeepC.isnotkeptD.aren’tkeeping
24.Halftheworld’stelephonecallsinEnglish.
A.aremadeB.aremakingC.makeD.ismade
25.Thatbuildingnow.
A.isbuildingB.isbuiltC.isbeingbuiltD.builds
26.ThetreesinourschooleveryFridayafternoon.
A.arewateredB.arewateringC.havewateredD.water
27.More“GreatGreenWalls”mustallovertheworld.
A.buildB.arebuiltC.bebuildingD.bebuilt
28.Hisschoolbagbyawomantenminutesago.
A.tookawayB.wastakenawayC.wastakenoffD.istaken
29.Itthatsheveryclever.
A.wassaid,isB.wassaid,wereC.issaid,isD.issaid,isbeing
30.Yesterdayavisitorsomethingabouthishometown.
A.wasaskedB.wasaskingC.isaskedD.asked
31.Doyoulikethiskindofpaper?
Yes,itverynice.
A.isfeltB.feltC.isfeelingD.feels
32.Thesebookswell.
A.sellsB.arebeingsoldC.aresoldD.sell
33.Theboylostonhiswayhomeyesterday.
A.gotB.isC.getsD.has
34.Thoughthecoatisabitlargenow,itmeverysoon.
A.willbefitB.willfitC.fitD.fits
35.Footballeverywhereintheworld.
A.isplayedB.playC.isplayingD.plays
36.Everybodyherewasapresent.
A.gaveB.givenC.TogiveD.Giving
37.Anewfactoryinourcitylastyear.
A.builtB.hasbuiltC.wasbuiltD.isbuilding
38.Alltreesmustwellwhenitisdry.
A.bewateredB.arewateredC.waterD.bewatering
39.Thisshirtsilk.
A.mustbemadeinB.makebyC.mustbemadeofD.mustbemadeby
40.Thesebooksgoodcareof.
A.musttakenB.musttakeC.havetotakeD.mustbetaken
41.Stampsbypeopleforsendingletters.
A.useB.inusingC.usedD.areused
42.Moretreesnextyear.
A.willbeplantedB.willplantC.haveplantedD.areplanting
43.—WhenthePeople’sRepublicofChina?
—OnOctober1.1949.
A.did…foundB.was…foundC.was…foundedD.is…founded
44.Today,toomanytreesarestillintheworld.
A.cuttingdownB.cutdownC.beingcutdownD.cutted
45.ThiskindofmachineJapan.
A.ismadebyB.ismadefromC.ismadeinD.ismadeof
46.Theteachersaysthatthemanwill.
A.bewelltakencareB.welllookafterC.takecarewellD.bewelllookedafter
47.—Ithinktheshop.
—No,It’sopen.Itatsix.
A.isclose…closeB.isclosed…closesC.closed…closesD.isclosed
48.Iwasastonished(吃惊)tohearthatthecolourTVset5,000yuan.
A.hascostB.costC.costedD.wascost
49.Greatchangesplacesincehecamehere.
A.havebeentakenB.havetakenC.hasbeentakenD.hastaken
50.Hewasseensomethingfromtheshop.
A.stealB.tostealC.tobestolenD.stealed
51.Shehasbyherclassmates.
A.laughedB.laughedatC.beenlaughedD.beenlaughedat
二.用正确的时态和语态填空
1.Nearlyeverybodyhere(know)whentheoldmuseum(build).
2.Thebuildingcan(see)fromeverypartofthecity;It(build)manyyearsago.
3.YesterdayTom(tell)methathisbike(break)lastweek.
4.Thestudentsoften(tell)totakecareoftheirdesksandchairs.
5.Nowhe(be)askedifthemeeting(hold)nextFriday.
6.Itisknowntoallthatthemoon(turn)roundtheearth.
7.MissLioften(use)arecorderinherEnglishclass.Butshe(notuse)ittomorrow.
8.Vegetables,eggsandfruits(sell)inthiss
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