英语国家社会与文化入门上册第三版.docx
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英语国家社会与文化入门上册第三版.docx
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英语国家社会与文化入门上册第三版
第一单元
1、Britainisnolongeranimperial(帝国)country(T)
2、TheCommonwealth(英联邦)ofNationsincludesallEuropeancountries(F)
3、1in10oftheBritishpopulationareofnon-Europeanethnicity(种族)(F)
4、Thestereotype(刻板印象)oftheEnglishgentlemanneverappliedtothemajorityoftheBritishpeople(T)
5、WhenpeopleoutsidetheUKtalkaboutEngland,theymistakeitasBritainsometimes(T)
6、TheScotsandWelsh(苏格兰和威尔士)haveastrongsenseofbeingBritish(F)
7、Scotland(苏格兰)wasneverconqueredbytheRomans(罗马人)(T)
8、MostpeopleinScotlandspeaktheCeltic(凯尔特)language,called“Gaelic”(F)
9、ScotlandwasunifiedwithEnglandthroughpeacefulmeans(T)
10、Wales(威尔士)isrichincoal(煤炭)deposits(存款)(T)
11、Cardiff(卡迪夫),thecapitalofWales,isalargecity(F)
12、ThetitleofPrince(王子)ofWalesisheldbyaheldbyaWelshaccordingtotradition(F)
第二单元
1、IrelandispartofGreatBritain(F)
2、“Ulster(阿尔斯特)”,referringtoNorthernIreland,wasonceanancientIrishKingdom(王国)(T)
3、ThecapitalofBelfast(贝尔法斯特)isalargecitywithhalfamillionpeople(F)
4、NorthernIrelandissignificant(重要的)becauseofitsmanufacturing(制造业)industry(F)
5、ThemajorityofIrishpeopleweredescendants(后代)oftheoriginalCeltic(凯尔特)peoplewhoinhabitedBritishIsles(群岛)beforetheRomansarrived2000yearsago(T)
6、MostBritishpeopleareProtestants(新教徒)whilemostIrishpeopleareCatholics(天主教徒)(T)
7、TheBritishgovernmentdoesnothavedirectrulefromLondonoverNorthernIreland(T)
8、SinnFein(新芬党)isalegalpoliticalpartyinNorthernIreland(T)
9、TheAnglo-Irish(岗格鲁-爱尔兰)Agreementof1985guaranteedtheloyalist(政府军)Protestantcommunity(社区)theirtodecidetheirfutureinNorthernIreland(T)
10、TheGoodFridayAgreement(协议)wasapprovedon10April1998(T)
11、NorthernIrelandtodayisgovernedbyseparatejurisdictions(司法管辖区):
thatfRepublic(共和国)ofIrelandthatofGreatBritain(F)
第三单元
1、ItisnodoubtthatBritainistheoldestrepresentativedemocracy(民主)intheworld(F)
2、InBritain,theprocessofstate-building(国家建设)hasbeenoneofevolutionratherthanrevolution,contrasttoFranceandtheUS(与法国和美国相比)(T)
3、Theoldestinstitution(机构)ofgovernmentinBritainistheMonarchy(君主政体)(T)
4、Thedivine(神圣的)rightofthekingmeansthesovereign(主权)derived(派生的)hisauthority(权威)fromhissubjects(主题)(F)
5、AsthekingintheoryhadGodonhisside,itwasthoughtthatheshouldexerciseabsolute(绝对)power(F)
6、Theterm“parliament(议会)”wasfirstofficiallyusedin1066todescribethegatheringoffeudalbarons(封建贵族)andrepresentativesfromcountiesandtowns(F)
7、Britainisbothaparliamentarydemocracy(议会民主制)andaconstitutionalmonarchy(君主立宪制)(T)
8、Britain,likeIsrael,hasawrittenconstitutionofthesortwhichmostcountrieshave(F)
9、Commonlawsarelawswhichhavebeenestablished(建立)throughcommonpractice(实践)inthecourts(法院)(T)
第四单元
1、IntheUK,agovernmentcannotstandforlongerthanfiveyearsexceptinexceptionalcircumstances(情况下)(T)
2、Anyonewhoiseligible(符合条件的)tovotewith500poundsasdeposit(存款)canstandasanMP(国会议员)(F)
3、EachmainpartyisgivensometimeonnationalTVto“sell”theirpolicies.Thetimeisnotgivenfreeandhastobepaidbytheparty(T)
4、Theamountspentinnationalcampaign(运动)isnotlimitedotherthanthatonTV(F)
5、Secrecy(保密)isnotanimportantpartofthevotingprocess(T)
6、Therearetwomajornationalpartiesinthe.accordingtothetext(F)
7、LiberalDemocratic(自由民主)partyisthenewestofthemajornationalparties(F)
8、Childrenfromtheupper-middle-class(中上层阶级)usuallyhaveabettereducationthanthosefromtheworkingormiddle-class(T)
9、Themajorityofmiddle-classpeopletodayhaveworkingclassparentsorgrandparents(T)
10、Oneofthedistinctivefeatures(独特的特征)abouttheBritishclass-systemisthatithasalsoretained(保留)ahereditaryaristocracy(世袭的贵族)(T)
11、ThemajorityofBritain’srecentimmigrantshavemainlycomefromNorthAsia(北亚)andCaribbean(加勒比)countries(F)
12、Mostimmigrantsearnalivingbyopeningrestaurantsorbecomingmusicians(F)
13、ThemajorityhaveproblemsofunemploymentpublisheditsHouseholdEnergyManagementStrategy(家庭能源管理策略)(T)
14、OnMarch2,2010,theBritishgovernmentpublishitsHouseholdEnergyManagementStrategy(T)
15、OnDecember27,2009theTNClimate(气候)ChangeConferencewasheldinCopenhagen(T)
16、AccordingtotheKyotoProtocol(京都议定书),thegovernmenthasagreedthattheUKwillmeettoughtargets(艰难的目标)toreducecarbonemissionsincrementally(增量)betweennowand2020(F)
第五单元
1、Bythe1880’stheBritisheconomywasdominant(主导)intheworld(T)
2、BoththeUSandCanadaovertookBritainineconomyby1900(F)
3、BytheendofWorldWarII,Britainhadgoneheavilyintodebt(债务)inordertodevelopitsmanufacturingindustryandborrowedlargeamountsfromtheUSandFrance(F)
4、AnotherreasonforBritishdeclineisthelossofitscolonies(殖民地),especiallyIndia,whichgaineditsindependencein1947(T)
5、Inthe1970s,withthesoaring(飙升的)priceofoilandhighratesofinflation(通货膨胀),Britainwentthroughabadperiod.In1979,theLabourpartyhadtostepdown(下台)fromthegovernment(T)
6、TheleaderoftheConservatives(保守派),MargaretThatcher(玛格丽特-撒切尔)startedaseriesofreforms.Anextensive(广泛的)programmeofprivatization(私有的)wascarriedout,andshewassuccessfulinanall-round(全面的)way(F)
7、Tertiary(三级)industriesincludebanking,insurance(保险),tourism(旅游),agricultureandthesellingofgoods(F)
8、Britainhasalargesector(部门)ofagricultureproducing%ofitsnationalwealth(F)
9、Accordingtothetext,thetertiary(三级)industryproducesapproximately(大约)two-thirdsofthenationalwealth(T)
10、TheserviceindustryintheUKemploys70%ofthetotalworkforce(T)
11、AsamemberoftheWorldTradeOrganization,theUKisplayingaveryimportantroleintheworldtrade(T)
12、TheUKisthethirdbiggestinternationalinvestor(投资者)intheworld(F)
第六单元
1、MuchearlyBritishliteraturewasconcernedwithChristianity(基督教),andAnglo-Saxons(盎格鲁-撒克逊人)producedmanyversions(版本)oftheBible(圣经)(T)
2、Beowulf(贝奥武夫)wasaseamonster(海怪)killedbyaSwedishwarrior(瑞典战士)(F)
3、“TheWifeofBath(浴的妻子)”isoneofthetales(故事)containedinTheCanterburyTales(坎特伯雷故事集)(T)
4、Therewasageneralfloweringofcultureandintellectual(知识)lifeinEuropeduringthe17thand18thcenturywhichisknownas“TheRenaissance(文艺复兴时期)”(F)
5、WilliamShakespeare(威廉·莎士比亚)isagreatpoetandmuchisknownofhislife(F)
6、Keats,ShelleyandByron(济慈、雪莱和拜伦)broughttheRomanticMovement(浪漫主义运动)toitsheight(T)
7、RobinsonCrusoe(鲁宾逊漂流记)tellsthestoryofashipwreckandsolitarysurvival(海难和孤独的生存)(T)
8、Writersofromanticliterature(浪漫主义文化)aremoreconcernedwithimaginationandfeelingthanwiththepowerofreason(T)
9、DonJuan(唐璜)isanepicpoem(史诗)composedbyJohnMilton(约翰·弥尔顿)(F)
10、ThomasHardy(托马斯·哈代),theauthorofTessoftheD’Urbervilles(德伯家的苔丝),wasalsoafirst-class(一流的)poet(T)
第七单元
1、ThepurposeofBritisheducationisnotonlytoprovidechildrenwithliteracy(读写能力)andtheotherbasicskillsbutalsotosocialize(社交)children(T)
2、Thestateseldominterferes(干扰)withthedecisionofwhen,where,howandwhatchildrenaretaught(F)
3、Theenduringfeature(持久特征)ofBritisheducationisthecontinuingdebateoverwhatshouldbetaughtinschools(F)
4、The1944EducationActmadeentrytosecondaryschools(中学)anduniversities“meritocratic(精英)”(T)
5、Publicschoolsarepartofthenationaleducationsystemandfundedbythegovernment(F)
6、Britishuniversitiesarepublicbodieswhichreceivefundsfromcentralgovernment(T)
7、AllsecondaryschoolsinBritainarerunandsupervised(监督)bythegovernment(T)
8、InOxfordandCambridgetheBAconvertstoanMAseveralyearslater,uponpaymentofafee(T)
9、Independentschoolsgetmoneymainlythroughtheprivatesector(部门)andtuition(学费)rates,withsomegovernmentsupport(T)
10、Grammarschoolsselectchildrenattheageof11andprovidethemwithageneraleducation(F)
第八单元
1、WhentheSecondWorldWarended,Britainnolongerwasthelargestmilitary(军事)powerinWesternEurope(F)
2、TheUKwasawarded(授予)aseatontheUN(联合国)SecurityCouncil(安理会)inrecognition(识别)ofitscontributioninsettinguptheUnitedNations(F)
3、Accordingtothetext,themostimportantsinglefactorwhichinfluencesBritishpolicy-makerisitshistory(T)
4、ThePrimeMinisterandCabinet(内阁)decideonthegeneraldirectionofBritain’sforeignpolicy(T)
5、ThemaingovernmentdepartmentinvolvedistheForeignandCommonwealthOffice(外交和联邦事务部)(FCO)(T)
6、Britainisaparliamentarymonarch(议会君主)(F)
7、Thereareabout60membersoftheCommonwealth(英联邦)(F)
8、TheBritishhostalargeAmericanMilitary(军事)presenceandthereare63AmericanmilitarybasesintheUK(T)
9、BritainisnotamemberoftheNATO(北约)duetoitsdisagreementwithsomeEuropeancountriesondefencepolicy(F)
第九单元
1、Onanaverageday,anoverwhelming(压倒性的)majorityofBritonsovertheageof15redanationorlocalpaper(报纸)(T)
2、TheBritishmediaplayanimportantroleinshaping(塑造)anationalculture(T)
3、Inthelateseventeenthandearly18thcentury,astheBritisheconomybegantoindustrialise,andasliteracylevelsrosethroughtheintroductionofmasseducation,moreandnewspapersbegantoappear(F)
4、Freepresshasthefunctionofkeepinganeyeonthegovernment,andthereforeitiscalledthewatchdog(监管机构)ofparliamentarydemocracy(议会民主制)(T)
5、TheAdvertisingCode(广告代码)ensuresthatadvertisementsarelegal,decent(体面地),honestandtruthful;haveasenseofresponsibilityforconsumerandsociety;andrespecttheprinciplesoffaircompetition(竞争)(T)
6、Itisincorrecttosaythatclassandeducationaldifferencesarerefle
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- 英语 国家 社会 文化 入门 上册 第三
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