中等生高考英语专题10语法填空词类复习.docx
- 文档编号:28088395
- 上传时间:2023-07-08
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:15
- 大小:25.59KB
中等生高考英语专题10语法填空词类复习.docx
《中等生高考英语专题10语法填空词类复习.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《中等生高考英语专题10语法填空词类复习.docx(15页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
中等生高考英语专题10语法填空词类复习
中等生�高考英语专题10:
语法填空-词类复习
学校:
___________姓名:
___________班级:
___________考号:
___________
评卷人
得分
一、语法填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Therehasbeenarecenttrendinthefoodserviceindustrytowardlowerfatcontentandlesssalt.Thistrend,whichwasstartedbythemedicalcommunity(医学界)1.amethodoffightingheartdisease,hashadsomeunintendedside2.(effect)suchasoverweightandheartdisease—theverythingthemedicalcommunitywastryingtofight.
Fatandsaltareveryimportantpartsofadiet.Theyarerequired3.(process)thefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions.Whenfatandsalt4.(remove)fromfood,thefoodtastesasifismissingsomething.As5.result,peoplewilleatmorefoodtotrytomakeupforthatsomethingmissing.Even6.(bad),theamountoffastfoodthatpeopleeatgoesup.Fastfood7.(be)fulloffatandsalt;by8.(eat)morefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet.
Havingenoughfatandsaltinyourmealswillreducetheurgetosnack(吃点心)betweenmealsandwillimprovethetasteofyourfood.However,be9.(care)nottogotoextremes.Likeanything,itispossibletohavetoomuchofboth,10.isnotgoodforthehealth.
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In1863thefirstundergroundpassengerrailwayintheworldopenedinLondon.Itranforjustundersevenkilometersandallowedpeopletoavoidterrible11.(crowd)ontheroadsaboveastheytravelledtoand12.work.Ittookthreeyearstocompleteandwasbuiltusinganinterestingmethod.Thisincludeddigginguptheroad,13.(lay)thetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofover14.top.Whenallthosehadbeendone,theroadsurfacewasreplaced.
Steamengines15.(use)topullthecarriagesanditmusthavebeen16.(fair)unpleasantforthepassengers,withallthesmokeandnoise.However,therailwayquicklyprovedtobeagreatsuccessandwithinsixmonths,morethan25,000peoplewereusing17.everyday.
Later,engineers18.(manage)toconstructrailwaysinasystemofdeeptunnels(隧道),whichbecameknowntothetube.Thisdevelopmentwasonlypossiblewiththe19.(introduce)ofelectric-poweredenginesandlifts.ThecentralLondonRailwaywasoneofthemost20.(success)ofthesenewlines,andwasopenedin1900.Ithadwhite-paintedtunnelsandbrightredcarriages,andprovedextremelypopularwiththepublic.
Ihaveneverunderstoodcity-lovers.Formeacityisaplacetovisitforafewhours,togo21.(shop),toseespecialexhibitions,etc.butit’snotaplacetolivein,22.thoughthousandsdo.Usuallythey23.(tie)tothecitybytheirjobsorperhapsevenbyfamily.
Therearesomanyadvantagestolivinginthecountry.Itisquietandhealthy.Thereisfarlesstrafficontheroadandtheairismuch24.(fresh).Insteadofbuyingeverythinginpacketsfromasupermarket,inthecountrywecanalwaysbuyfreshfoodfromfarms,orvillageshopseveryday.Thepeopleinthecountryarealwaystopoliteandyouwilllovethe25.(friendly)ofthepeople,too.
Ontheotherhand,therearesomany26.(disadvantage)tolivinginatownoracity.27.mostcountrypeoplenoticeisthenoiseanddirtinthecity.Andmanycountrypeoplefindithard28.(breath)inthecity.Peoplealwaysseemtobeinarush,whichisstressful.
Therearesomanyadvantagestolivinginthecountrythatitis29.(mystery)tome30.somecountrypeoplesaytheywouldliketoliveinthecity.
AsIsharetheexperienceofthiskindness,I’mwearingmywidestsmile.Iusuallygotomyworkplacecoffeeshoptoplace31.orderbutthisWednesday,itwas32.(slight)different.Icalledthefourwaiters,33.(ask)themtomakeachoiceofadrinkanddessertandboughtitfortheminstead.Atfirst,theydidn’tsense34.washappeningbutwhentruthdawned,they35.(surprise)andabitembarrassed.However,Iexplainedthatitwasanactof36.(appreciate)andtheyweretrulydeserving.Thisbroughta“big”smileandaloud,“thankyou.”
Ihadforalongtimehadadesire37.(reach)outtothembutmydoubtingmindhadalwayshadanupperhand.Onthisdaytoo,Ihad38.(thought)like,“Whatiftheyrefuse?
”“Whatiftheysay,theydon’tlikeanyofthefoodordrinks?
”“Whatifthis”and,“Whatifthat”,butIdecidedtoletgooftheworriesandlisten39.myheart.
Now,itwas40.(they)smilesthatdrewmetothecoffeeshop.
Learningtoplayaninstrumentissomethingthatcangiveyoualotofpleasure.Itisalsoanachievementandaskill41.stayswithyourlife.Musichasaparttoplayineveryone’slife,andhas42.(describe)as“aprimarylanguage.”
Learningtoplayaninstrumentisn’teasyatthebeginningand43.(take)effortanddetermination.WhileitisOKtoaimforthetop,musicis44.(certain)notsomethingtotakeupbecauseyouthinkyououghttodoit.
Alotofadultsregretnothavinglearnttoplayaninstrumentwhenthey45.(be)younger.Butitisnevertoolatetolearn!
Andthe46.(advantage)oflearninganinstrumentarefar47.(great)thanjustthepleasureofproducinganenjoyablesound.Whenyou’veprogressedfarenough,therearelotsofamateurgroupsthatyoucanjoin48.youwanttobepartofalargergroup.Onceyou’vereachedagoodenoughstandard49.(join)abandororchestra(管弦乐队),youaddtheteamskillslikethoseyougetfromplayingsport.There’salsoagreatsocialsidetoplaying50.others,aswellasthechancetotravelthroughtouring.
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Asyouknow,scienceplays51.veryimportantroleinoureducation.Doyouwanttokeepup52.thelatestresearchanddiscoveriesinscience?
Therearemanygoodwebsites53.youcancheckoutthelatestinthescienceworld.
OnegreatsiteisScienceNewsforKids.Thissitereportssciencenews54.(cover)awiderangeofsubjects.Thearticlesareintendedforyoungerreaders,butadultswillfindthissite55.(suit)forthemaswell.Anotherwonderfulsite,onethatIcheckouteveryday,56.(call)ScienceDaily.Thesiteis57.(constant)updatedwithnews,oftenaboutexciting58.(finding)thatchangehowweviewtheworld.
Thesesitespostthelateststoriesandalsokeepallthepastarticlesthey59.(post)earlier.Thatwayyoucanfindarticlesjustaboutanythingthat60.(be)relatedtothesciencefieldsyouareinterestedin.
Likemostpeople,Iwasbroughtuptolookuponlifeasagetting.Itwasnotuntilinmylaterthirties61.Imadethisimportantdiscovery:
givingawaythings62.(make)lifesomuchmoreexciting.OnediscoveryImadeaboutgivingawayisthatitisalmost63.(possibility)togiveawayanythinginthisworldwithoutgettingsomethingback,thoughthereturnoftencomesin64.unexpectedform.OneSundaymorningthelocalpostofficedeliveredalettertomyhome,thoughit65.(address)tomeatmyoffice.Iwrotethepostmasteranoteof66.(appreciate).MorethanayearlaterIneededapostofficeboxforanewbusinessIwasstarting.Iwastoldatthewindowthattherewerenoboxes67.(leave),andthatmynamewouldhavetogoonalongwaitinglist.AsIwasabouttoleave,thepostmasterappearedinthedoorway.Hehadoverheardourconversation.“Wasn’tityouthatwroteusaletterayearagoabout68.(deliver)aspecialdeliverytoyourhome?
”Isaidyes.“Well,youare69.(certain)goingtohaveaboxinthispostofficeifwehavetomakeoneforyou.Youdon’tknow70.aletterlikethatmeanstous.Weusuallygetnothingbutcomplaints.
参考答案
1.as
2.effects
3.toprocess
4.areremoved
5.a
6.worse
7.is
8.eating
9.careful
10.which
【解析】
1.考查介词。
句意:
这一趋势最初始于医学界作为一种对抗心脏病的方法。
as表示“作为,以……身份”,故填as。
2.考查单复数。
分析语境可知作者表达的意思是“一些不为人知的副作用”,根据前文的some可知“sideeffect”(副作用)有很多,故填effects。
3.考查不定式。
句意:
他们被要求加工食物。
require表示“要求”,requiresb.todosth.表示“要求某人做某事”,被动形式为“sb.berequiredtodosth.”(某人被要求做某事)。
故填toprocess。
4.考查被动语态。
句意:
当脂肪和盐分从食物中被去掉。
分析可知fat,salt和move之间是被动关系,脂肪和盐分是两种东西,且是被人们去掉,所以用被动语态。
故填areremoved。
5.考查冠词。
固定短语asaresult表示“结果”。
句意:
结果,人们将吃更多的食物去弥补损失的东西。
故填a。
6.考查比较级。
句意:
更糟糕的是,人们所吃快餐的数量增加了。
故填worse。
7.考查主谓一致。
句意:
快餐食物中满是脂肪和盐。
fastfood的意思是“快餐”,表示一类食物,为不可数名词,谓语动词用单数形式。
故填is。
8.考查动名词。
句意:
通过吃更多的快餐,人们将在饮食中摄入超过需求量的脂肪和盐。
根据前文中的by可知此处应该填名词、动名词,所以填eating。
9.考查形容词。
句意:
然而,注意不要走极端。
分析语境可知be后面应该用形容词作表语,故填careful。
10.考查非限制性定语从句。
句意:
很可能摄入过多的脂肪和盐,那对健康没有好处。
分析可知whichisnotgoodforthehealth为非限制性定语从句,先行词是前面的整句话。
11.crowds
12.from
13.laying
14.the
15.wereused
16.fairly
17.it
18.managed
19.introduction
20.successful
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了地铁的最初发展史。
11.crowds考查名词,crowd前没有冠词,且它是可数名词,故填crowds.
12.from考查介词,toandfrom来回,故填from.
13.laying考查动词,这里是由and连接的三个动词-ing形式,故填laying.
14.the考查名词,top是名词,前要用冠词,故填the.
15.wereused考查被动语态,根据句意:
蒸汽发动机“被用于”拉货物,故填wereused.
16.fairly考查副词,这里fair是形容词,pleasant也是形容词,所以需要将fair变为副词来修饰形容词,故填fairly.
17.it考查代词,这里用it指代前句的railway,故填it.
18.managed考查动词,本文全篇都是一般过去时,所以这里也应用一般过去时,故填managed.
19.introduction考查词性转换,空格前是the,后面应该是名词,故填名词introduction.
20.successful考查形容词,空格前是most,其后要跟形容词构成最高级,故填successful.
【名师点睛】
在语法填空中,我们要特别注意词性转换题。
如本文的,横线前是冠词the,所以横线上要使用名词introduction。
,在英语中,副词通常做状语修饰形容词、副词或动词,形容词通常在句中做定语或表语修饰名词。
所以本句中使用副词fairly作状语修饰形容词pleasant。
词类转换题要先确定所要填的单词在句中的成分。
技巧1:
作表语、定语或补语,通常用形容词形式。
技巧2:
作主语,或在及物动词或介词后作宾语,用名词形式。
技巧3:
修饰动词、形容词、副词,或整个句子,作状语,用副词形式。
技巧4:
括号中所给词为动词时,也不一定是考动词的时态语态或非谓语动词, 有可能考词类转换;若是形容词或副词,有可能考查其比较级或最高级。
技巧5:
词义转换题。
词类不一定要变,主要是考查具有与词根意义相反的派生词,需根据句子意思及前后逻辑关系,在词根前加un-, im-,il-, ir-,in-, non-, dis-等,在词根后加-less等。
考点:
考查语法填空
21.shopping
22.even
23.aretied
24.fresher
25.friendliness
26.disadvantages
27.What
28.tobreathe
29.mysterious
30.why
【解析】作者在文中分析了在城市居住的缺点和在农村居住的优势。
21.shopping
考查动词形式。
goshopping“去购物”,是固定短语。
故填shopping.
22.even
考查副词。
此处指城市不是一个适合居住的地方,即使上千人这样做。
eventhough“虽然,即使”,是固定短语,故填even.
23.aretied.
考查被动语态。
句中they和动词tie是被动关系,指这些人由于工作或家庭原因被和城市连在一起。
在句中作谓语用被动语态,故填aretied.
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 中等 高考 英语 专题 10 语法 填空 词类 复习