山东省泰安市第四中学届高三英语上学期期中试题.docx

山东省泰安市第四中学届高三英语上学期期中试题.docx

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山东省泰安市第四中学届高三英语上学期期中试题

山东省泰安市第四中学2020届高三英语上学期期中试题（无答案）

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1.What’sJohndoingnow?

A.Playingfootball.B.WatchingTV.C.Studying.

2.Whatcanthemando?

A.Swim.B.Playsoccer.C.Playbasketball.

3.Whenwillthemeetingbeover?

A.At11:

00.B.At10:

00.C.At9:

30.

4.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheplay?

A.Terrible.B.Justso-so.C.Great.

5.What’stheweatherlikenow?

A.Snowy.B.Rainy.C.Sunny.

第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。

6.Wheredoesthemanwanttogo?

A.Thelibrary.B.Thelab.C.Thecafé.

7.What’stheman’smajor?

A.Psychology.B.Physics.C.Chemistry.

听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题。

8.Whereisthewomangoingfirst?

A.Theclassroom.B.Thelibrary.C.Thegym.

9.Whatwillthewomandointhelibrary?

A.Borrowsomebooks.

B.Returnsomebooks.

C.Studyfortheexam.

10.Whydothespeakersgotothegym?

A.Towatchagame.

B.TotakeaPEclass.

C.Togoswimming.

听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13三个小题。

11.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?

A.Heisinpoorhealth.

B.Hewantstostayathometoday.

C.Hehasn’tfinishedhishomeworkyet.

12.WhatrelationisMr.Belltotheman?

A.Hisneighbor.B.Histeacher.C.Hisfather.

13.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?

A.Helphimhandinhisproject.

B.Calltoaskforleave.

C.Drivehimtoschoolrightnow.

听下面一段对话，回答第14至第16三个小题。

14.Whatwillthemandointhelateafternoon?

A.Giveaspeech.

B.Writeamagazinearticle.

C.Preparesomematerials.

15.Wherewillthemanhavedinnertonight?

A.Athome.B.Intheoffice.C.Inameetingroom.

16.Howwillthemangobackhome?

A.Bybus.B.Bycar.C.Bytaxi.

听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。

17.WhatcanwelearnaboutPedalPower?

A.Itwasstartedin1996.

B.Itgivesbicyclestopeopleforfree.

C.Itsendsbicyclestopoorareasregularly.

18.WhathappenedtoPedalPowerinAugust2000?

A.Itcouldn’tmeetitscosts.

B.ItwonanEnterpriseAward.

C.ItwascriticizedbytheBritishmedia.

19.WhendidDanPearmangotoEcuador?

A.In1993.B.In1998.C.In2001.

20.WhywasDanPearman’sneighborsuccessfulinbusiness?

A.Heofferedmanyjobstocraftsmeninthetown.

B.Hewasthemostskilledcraftsmaninthevillage.

C.Hecouldreachcustomerseasilybyridinghisbike.

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）

第一节（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

ApopularTVhosthasreportedlyinvestedaboutUS$740,000inaprojecttoresearch,preserveandpromotetheHunanprovincialdialect（方言）.ChineseTVpresentersarerequiredtospeakMandarin,orPutonghua,aspartoftheirwork,butshoulddialectsbeallowedonair?

Bcnu（China）:

TVandradiostationshavetherighttodecidewhetherdialectsorMandarinwillbeusedintheirprograms.ThepopularityofsomedialectsinsomeareaswillnotchallengetheleadingroleofMandarininthewholecountry.

RickN（US）:

TVandradiobroadcastersshouldtaketheleadinpopularizingMandarin.TorequirehoststospeakstandardMandarinisnottooppress（压制）dialects,butitonlyaimstorestrictirresponsibleuseoflanguage.Ithinkitisunprofessionalforsomehostsparticularlytoimitatethepronunciationofdialects.

Cooper（UK）:

Dialectsareanimportantpartoflocalcultureandnowmanykidsevendon’tknowhowtospeaktheirdialectsbecauseofthemainuseofMandarinaroundthem.Itwouldbeapityiffuturegenerationswereunabletounderstandthelocaldialects.Itwouldbeaterriblebreakinculturaltraditions.

Steve（France）:

Toattractviewersormakemoremoney,somehostscasuallyusedialects.DemandingTVandradioprogramsuseMandarinisamovetolimitstrangeandirresponsibleuseoflanguage,whetheritisMandarinorotherdialects.Inthisway,thedecisionisalsoaformofprotectionfordialects.HearingstandardMandarinonTVandradioprogramsisalsoabasicrightofaudiencesaroundthecountry.

21.WhydoestheauthormentionapopularTVhost?

A.Tomakecleartheauthor’sviewpoint.

B.Tointroducethetopictobediscussed.

C.Tosetanexampleforpeopletofollow.

D.Toshowdialectsarelikelytodisappear.

22.WhataffectsdialectsnegativelyaccordingtoSteve?

A.Massmedia’susingdialectscasually.

B.Improperpronunciationofdialects.

C.Restrictionsonspeakingdialectspublicly.

D.Children’slosinginterestindialects.

23.Whofavorsdialectsonair?

A.BcnuandSteve.B.BcnuandCooper.

C.RickNandSteve.D.RickNandCooper.

B

Youcanuseyoursmartphonetogetprettymuchanythingdelivereddirectlytoyourdooralmostimmediately.Thehardestpartistheprocessoftryingtoworkoutifyoushouldtipandifso,doingthequickmathbeforeyougettothedoor.And,youknowwellthatyoushouldtipabout15-20%atrestaurants,butdothesamerulesapplytodeliverydrivers?

Theco-founderofGrubhub,MattMaloney,prettymuchsetthestandardfortippingdeliverypeopleinaFacebookpost.He’sastrongsupporteroftipping,andGrubhub’swebsitesuggestsa$5ora20%tip.Maloneyalsosaidthisnumbershouldgoupifyouorderduring,say,asnowstorm.

However,mostotherdeliveryservicessayontheirwebsitesthattippingisnotrequired.Someservices,likeDoorDash,dosuggestnotipontheircheckoutwindow.Many,likeAmazonPrimeNow,allowcustomerstochangetheirtipamountaftertheirdeliveryhasbeenreceivedtoreflectthequalityofservice.Thesecompanieshelpcustomerssavemoneybutdeliverydriversareupset.Theydealwithbadweather,heavytraffic,extremetiredness,andmore,allfora$1tip.Manyfeelthatifyou’dtipyourpizzaboyorgirl,youshouldtipyourdeliverydriver.

TheEmilyPostInstitute（EPI）’sofficialsuggestionfallsinlinewithMaloney’s:

“10-15%ofthebill,or$2-5forpizzadeliverydependingonthesizeoftheorderanddifficultyofdelivery.”

Justlikeserversinarestaurant,deliverydriversalmostalwaysrelyonyourtipsfortheirincome.Tippingisalong-standingculturaltraditioninAmerica.So,untildrones（无人机）candeliverhotdogsstraighttoyourdoor,it’sbesttotipthepeopleridingthroughthecityatallhourstobringyouhotfreshfood.

24..Whatdoweknowabouttippingdeliverydrivers?

A.Itisnotwidelyaccepted.B.Itupsetsmanydeliveryservices.

C.Itcan’treflectthequalityofservice.D.ItisadeeplyrootedtraditioninAmerica.

25..Whichofthefollowingsuggeststhehighesttipsinthepassage?

A.TheEPI.B.DoorDash.

C.Grubhub.D.AmazonPrimeNow.

26..Whatistheauthor’sattitudetotippingdeliverydrivers?

A.Doubtful.B.Unconcerned

C.Disapproving.D.Supportive.

C

Depression（抑郁）canbeadestructiveillness,plaguingmillionsofpeopleworldwidewithfeelingsofsadness,hopelessness,andfatigue.Despitenumerousantidepressantdrugs,asmanyasathirdofpatientsdon’trespondtomedication.Thishasforceddoctorstobemorecreativeinfindingdifferenttreatmentsforthecondition.

Inthepasttwodecades,researchershavetieddepressiontoaseeminglyunrelatedcondition:

inflammation（炎症）,thebody’snaturalresponsetostress.Itcouldrisefrominjuryorinflection,orevenemotionalissueslikeanunhappymarriageorproblemsatwork.Someamountofinflammationisgenerallybeneficial,asitincreasesproductionofcytokines（致癌因子），proteinsthathelpushealandprotectusfromtheeffectsofoverwork.

Butexcessivecytokinelevels,andtheinflammationtheybringon,couldcomeatacost—anumberofstudiessuggeststhathighlevelsofcytokinescouldcontributetodepression.

Cytokinescanreachthebrainseveralways:

directlythroughtheblood-brainbarrierorindirectlybybindingtonervefiberselsewhere,whichsendsignalstothebraintoproducetheinflammationmolecules.Inthebrain,cytokinescandisturbtheproductionandreleaseofseveralimportantsignalingchemicals,includingserotonin,dopamineandglutamate,whichhelpcontrolemotion,appetite,sleep,learningandmemory.It’sthoughtthatalackofserotoninactivityinthebraincausesdepression;mostantidepressantsincreasetheactivity.Butcytokinesalsohavebeenshowntoactivatestresshormonesignalinginthebrain,whichmayalsoservetodevelopdepression.

Withalltheevidenceimplicatinginflammationindepression,doctorshavebeenanxioustotestanti-inflammatorydrugsasapotentialtreatment.Foursmallstudiespublishedbetween2006and2017byresearchgroupsinEuropeandIranfoundthatadultsdiagnosedwithdepressionwhotookaspirinoranotheranti-inflammatorydrugcalledCelecoxib,alongwithanantidepressant,gotmorerelieffromfeelingsofsadness,hopelessness,guiltandfatiguecomparedwiththosetakinganantidepressantalone.However,AndrewMiller,aprofessorofpsychiatryatEmoryUniversity,thoughtsomethingwaswronginthesesmall,limitedstudies.Noneofthemlookedatwhethertheparticipantshadhighlevelsofcytokinesbeforethey’dseeabenefitfromanti-inflammatorydrugs.“Unfortunately,muchofthefieldhasfallenintothetrapofviewinginflammationasthebe-all,end-all,”Millersays.Heandhiscolleagueswantedtoseewhethertheeffectofthesedrugswaslimitedtothedepressionpatientswithhighcytokinelevels,orifithelpedallpeoplediagnosedwithdepression.

27.Whichofthefollowingillustratedhowdepressionisdeveloped?

A.stress→overwork→inflammation→depression

B.inflammation→infection→stress→depression

C.cytokine→stress→infection→depression

D.infection→inflammation→cytokine→depre