考研英语模拟试题及答案一.docx
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考研英语模拟试题及答案一.docx
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考研英语模拟试题及答案一
SectionⅠUseofEnglish
Directions:
Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)
Oneofthebasiccharacteristicsofcapitalismistheprivateownershipofthemajormeansofproductioncapital.Theownershipoflargeamountsofcapitalcanbring1profits,aswellaseconomicandpoliticalpower.Somerecenttheorists,2,havearguedthatoursocietyhasmovedtoanewstageof3thattheycall“postindustrial”society.Oneimportantchangeinsuchasocietyisthattheownershipof4amountsofcapitalisnolongertheonlyoreventhemostimportant5ofprofitsandinfluence;knowledgeaswellas6capitalbringsprofitsandinfluence.
Therearemany7withthethesisabove,nottheleastof8isthatwealthycapitalistscanbuytheexpertsandknowledgetheyneededtokeeptheirprofitsandinfluence.Butthisdoesnot9theimportanceofknowledgeinanadvancedindustrialsociety,asthe10ofsomenewindustrialindicates.11,geneticengineeringandthenewcomputertechnologyhave12manynewfirmsandmadesomescientistsquiterich.In13withcriticismofthepostindustrialsocietythesis,however,itmustalsobe14thatthosealreadyincontrolofhugeamountsofcapital(i.e.,majorcorporations)soon15totakemostprofitsintheseindustriesbasedonnewknowledge.
Movingdownfromthelevelofwealthandpower,westillfindknowledgeincreasingly16.Manynewhigh-techjobsarebeingcreatedattheupper-middle-classlevel,butevenmorenewjobsarebeingcreatedinthelow-skill,low-payingservice17.Somethinglikeacastelineisemergingcenteredaroundknowledge.Individualswhofalltoofarbehindinthe18ofknowledgeatayoungagewillfinditalmostimpossibletocatchlater,nomatterhowhardtheytry.IlliteracyintheEnglishlanguagehasbeenasevere19formanyyearsintheUnitedStates,butwearealsomovingtothepointwhencomputerilliteracywillhindermanymorepeopleand20themtoalifeoflow-skillandlow-paidlabor.
1.[A]quantitative[B]extensive[C]comprehension[D]sophisticated
2.[A]moreover[B]however[C]therefore[D]nevertheless
3.[A]aggression[B]proficiency[C]productivity[D]evolution
4.[A]dominant[B]impressive[C]magnificent[D]significant
5.[A]source[B]factor[C]component[D]element
6.[A]adequate[B]profitable[C]material[D]spiritual
7.[A]advantages[B]consequences[C]problems[D]potentials
8.[A]them[B]those[C]which[D]that
9.[A]deny[B]refuse[C]admit[D]acknowledge
10.[A]emergence[B]innovation[C]extinction[D]discovery
11.[A]Inaddition[B]Forexample[C]Aboveall[D]Inshort
12.[A]produced[B]created[C]improved[D]facilitated
13.[A]line[B]need[C]doubt[D]match
14.[A]idealized[B]recognized[C]supervised[D]summarized
15.[A]steppedin[B]settleddown[C]leanedover[D]turnedout
16.[A]accessible[B]important[C]popular[D]abundant
17.[A]enterprises[B]employment[C]professions[D]industries
18.[A]control[B]mastery[C]search[D]pursuit
19.[A]handicap[B]penalty[C]inconvenience[D]shortcoming
20.[A]enforce[B]punish[C]confine[D]condemn
SectionⅡReadingComprehension
PartA
Directions:
Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)
Text1
HalftheworldspopulationwillbespeakingorlearningEnglishby2015,researcherssay.TwobillionpeopleareexpectedtostartlearningEnglishwithinadecadeandthreebillionwillspeakit,saysaBritishCouncilestimate.
Otherlanguages,suchasFrench,riskbecomingthecasualtiesofthis“linguisticglobalization”.Buttheboomwillbeoverby2050andtheEnglishlanguageteachingindustrywillhavebecomeavictimofitsownsuccess,saysDavidGraddol,authorofthereport,TheFutureofEnglish.
Mr.GraddolsresearchwasbasedonacomputermodeldevelopedtoestimatedemandforEnglishlanguageteachingaroundtheworld.Thelecturer,whohasworkedineducationandlanguagestudiesattheOpenUniversityforthepast25years,saidthemodelchartedlikelystudentnumbersthroughto2050.
ItwascompiledbylookingatvariousestimatesfromtheUnitedNationsEducation,ScientificandCulturalOrganization(Unesco)oneducationprovision,demographicprojections,governmenteducationpoliciesandinternationalstudentmobilityfigures.TheimpactofeducationalinnovationsandotherdevelopmentsaffectingtheworldpopulationincludingtheChinesegovernmentspolicyofonebabyperfamilywerealsofactoredin.
Basedonitsfindings,Mr.GraddolhaspredictedthattheworldisabouttobehitbyatidalwaveofEnglish.“Manygovernments,especiallyincountrieswhichhaverelativelyrecentlygainedindependence,areintroducingtheteachingofEnglishunderautilitarianbanner.”
“ButEnglishpredominatesinthebusinessworld,andforsuchcountriestobeabletocompeteforwork,includinglucrative(profitable)outsourcingcontracts,Englishisbeingpushedheavilyfromkindergartenon.”
Thepotentialbonanza(sourceofwealth)onofferfromoutsourcingmeansevenmathsandsciencearebeingtaughtinEnglishatsecondaryschoolsinMalaysia.ButdemandforEnglishteachingwoulddropaschildrenprogressthroughacademia,andmoreuniversitiesacrosstheworldchoosetoteachinthelanguage.
Mr.Graddolalsoestimatedthattheboomwouldbeoverby2050.“Englishlanguagestudentswillbedownfromtwobillionto500millionthen,”hesaid,“Increasingly,asEnglishspreadacrosstheglobe,morepeoplewillbecomebilingual,evenmultilingualandsuchskillsarehighlyprizedinbusiness.ButBritainhasnotgotthebestreputationforlearningotherlanguages.”
ThereportalsoshowedthatEnglishwasnottheonlylanguagespreading,andtheworld,farfrombeingdominatedbyEnglish,wastobecomemoremulti-lingual.Mr.Graddolsaid,“Chinese,ArabicandSpanishareallpopular,andlikelytobelanguagesofthefuture.”
21.ItisestimatedthatinadecadeEnglishwillbe
[A]activelystudiedbyover200millionpeople.
[B]freelyspokenbyglobalEnglishlearners.
[C]popularwithover80%ofworldinhabitants.
[D]reallymasteredby50%ofpeopleworldwide.
22.Accordingtothetext,“linguisticglobalization”will
[A]eliminateFrenchfromtheglobe.
[B]defeatotherEuropeanlanguages.
[C]failalllanguagesexceptEnglish.
[D]makeEnglishthebiggestwinner.
23.DavidGraddolpredictsthatthethrivingperiodofEnglishwill
[A]terminatewithinhalfacentury.
[B]climaxinthemiddleofthecentury.
[C]endurefornolessthanfivedecades.
[D]quittillthebeginningofthe2050s.
24.Thereport“TheFutureofEnglish”factoredinallofthefollowingEXCEPT
[A]theeducationalconditionandpolicy.
[B]thedirectionsanddesignsofUnesco.
[C]thestatisticsaboutpopulation.
[D]themovementsofoverseasstudents.
35.Thewriterofthereportdeemsthatoutsourcingisto
[A]resultintheincreaseofEnglishsubjects.
[B]leadtothedropofinterestinEnglishstudy.
[C]accountforthefurtherspreadofEnglish.
[D]bringabouttransitionincollegecurricula.
Text2
PerhapsonlyasmallboytrainingtobeawizardattheHogwartsschoolofmagiccouldcastaspellsopowerfulastocreatethebiggestbooklaunchever.WhereverintheworldtheclockstrikesmidnightonJune20th,hisfollowerswillflocktogettheirpawsononeofmorethan10mcopiesof“HarryPotterandtheOrderofthePhoenix”.Bookshopswillopeninthemiddleofthenightanddeliveryfirmsaredraftinginextrastaffandbiggertrucks.Relatedtoys,games,DVDsandothermerchandisewillbeeverywhere.TherewillbenoescapingPottermania.
YetMr.Potter’sworldisacuriousone,inwhichthingsareoftennotwhattheyappear.Whileanexcitablemedia(herebyincludingTheEconomist,happytosupportsuchafineexampleofglobalization)ishelpingtohypethelaunchofJ.K.Rowling’sfifthnovel,aboutthemostadventurousthingthatthepublishers(ScholasticinAmericaandBritain’sBloomsburyinEnglishelsewhere)haveorganizedisareadingbyMsRowlinginLondon’sRoyalAlbertHall,tobebroadcastasalivewebcast.
Hollywood,whichownseverythingelsetodowithHarryPotter,saysitisdoingevenless.Incredibleasitmayseem,theguardiansofthebrandsaythat,toprotectthePotterfranchise,theyaretryingtomaintainalowprofile.Well,relativelylow.MsRowlingsignedacontractin1998withWarnerBrothers,partofAOLTimeWarner,givingthestudioexclusivefilm,licensingandmerchandisingrightsinreturnforwhatnowappearstohavebeenasteal:
some$500,000.WarnerlicensesotherfirmstoproducegoodsusingHarryPottercharactersorimages,fromwhichMsRowlinggetsabigenoughcutthatsheisnowwealthierthanthequeen―ifyoubelieveBritain’sSundayTimesrichlist.Theprocessisself-generating:
eachbooksetsthestageforafilm,whichboostsbooksales,whichliftssalesofPotterproducts.
Globally,thefirstfourHarryPotterbookshavesoldsome200mcopiesin55languages;thetwomovieshavegrossedover$1.8billionattheboxoffice.Thisisastunningsuccessbyanymeasure,especiallyasMsRowlinghaslongdemandedthatHarryPottershouldnotbeovercommercialized.Inlinewithherwishes,Warnersaysitisbeingextraordinarilycareful,atleastbyHollywoodstandards,aboutwhatitlicensesandtowhom.ItimposedtoughconditionsonCocaCola,insistingthatnoHarryPotterimagesshouldappearoncans,andisnowintheprocessofmakingitslicensingprogrammeevenmorerestrictive.Coke
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