oil and the end of globolization.docx
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oil and the end of globolization.docx
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oilandtheendofglobolization
ProductDescription
AninternationallyrenownedenergyexperthaswrittenabookessentialforeveryAmerican–agalvanizingaccountofhowtherisingpriceanddiminishingavailabilityofoilaregoingtoradicallychangeourlives.WhyYourWorldIsAbouttoGetaWholeLotSmallerisapowerfulandprovocativebookthatexploreswhatthenewglobaleconomywilllooklikeandwhatitwillmeanforallofus.
Inacompellingandaccessiblestyle,JeffRubinrevealsthatdespitetherecentrecessionarydip,oilpriceswillskyrocketagainoncetheeconomyrecovers.Thefactis,worldwideoilreservesaredisappearingforgood.Consequently,theamountoffoodandothergoodswegetfromabroadwillbecurtailed;long-distancedrivingwillbecomealuxuryandinternationaltravelrare.Globalizationasweknowitwillreverse.Thenearfuturewillbeatimethat,initsphysicallimits,mayresemblethedistantpast.
ButWhyYourWorldIsAbouttoGetaWholeLotSmallerisahopefulworkabouthowwecanbenefit–personally,politically,andeconomically–fromthisnewreality.Americanindustriessuchassteelandagriculture,forinstance,willberevitalized.Aswell,RubinprescribesprioritiesforPresidentObamaandotherleaders,fromimposingcarbontariffsthatwillincreasecompetitionandproductivity,toinvestinginmasstransitinsteadofcar-cloggedhighways,toforging“green”alliancesbetweenlaborandmanagementthatwillbegoodforbothbusinessandtheairwebreathe.
Mostpassionately,Rubinrecommendswayseverycitizencansecurethisbetterlifeforhimself,actionsthatwillendourenslavementtochain-storetasteandstrengthenourcommunitiesandtimelesshumanvalues.
ProductDetails
∙AmazonSalesRank:
#142642inBooks
∙Publishedon:
2009-05-19
∙Releasedon:
2009-05-19
∙Originallanguage:
English
∙Numberofitems:
1
∙Dimensions:
8.51"hx1.06"wx5.80"l,.93pounds
∙Binding:
Hardcover
∙304pages
EditorialReviews
Review
"Thebookisagreatread,andonethatshouldberequiredforanyonewithalong-terminterestinCanadianenergy,transportation,manufacturingoragriculture."
—TheGlobeandMail
"JeffRubinisnotyourtypicaleggheadedsenioreconomist....Andthecontroversythathasdoggedhisworkisabouttohittheboilingpoint....Sogetset.IfJeffRubinsayssomethingiscoming,youbetterlisten.Lovehimorhatehim."
—CanadianBusiness
"Shouldbemandatoryreadingforallcorporateexecutives."
—NationalPost
AbouttheAuthor
JeffRubinisthechiefeconomistandchiefstrategistatCIBCWorldMarkets.Hewasoneofthefirsteconomiststoaccuratelypredictsoaringoilpricesbackin2000andisnowoneoftheworld’smostsought-afterenergyexperts.HelivesinToronto.
Excerpt.©Reprintedbypermission.Allrightsreserved.
REDEFININGRECOVERY
BEINGANECONOMISTCANRUINYOURAPPETITE
Itisprobablynottheonlyjobthathasthateffect.I’veneverworkedasataxidermist,butIcanseethatitmightturnmeofffish.Myjob,though,getsmeworriedaboutfishinawholedifferentway.
Ilikesalmon–whodoesn’t?
Salmonconsumptionhasrisenabout23percenteachyearforthelastdecadeorso.Thereareanumberofgoodreasonstoeatmorefish:
weallwantfoodhighinomega-3s,wewanttoeatlesssaturatedfat,wewanthealthyproteinforourlow-carbdiets.Buthere’sthekeyreasonfortheamountofsalmononyourdinnertable:
cheapoilhasbeensubsidizingthecostoffish.JustlikeWal-MartandTescoandbig-boxretailersaroundtheworldhavebeenabletocutpricesonalmosteverythingbytakingadvantageofcheapshippingandcheapAsianlabor,salmonwentfrombeingdeliciouslocalseafoodtobeinganotherglobalcommodity.Cheapoilgivesusaccesstoaprettybigworld.
Intheglobaleconomy,noonethinksaboutdistanceinmiles–theythinkindollars.Ifoilischeap,itreallydoesn’tmatterhowfarafactoryisfromashowroomorafarmer’sfieldfromasupermarket.It’sthecostofotherthings,likelaborortax,thatdetermineswhathappenswhere.AnAtlanticsalmoncaughtoffthecoastofNorwayisdestinedtobemovedaroundtheworldjustlikeaballbearingoramicroprocessor.
FirstthefishistakentoportinNorway,whereitisfrozenandtransferredtoanothervessel,whichwilltakeittoalargerport,probablyHamburgorRotterdam,whereitwillbetransferredtoanothershipandschleppedtoChina–mostlikelyQingdao,ontheShandongPeninsula,China’sfish-processingcapital.Therethewholesalmonwillbethawedandprocessedonasprawling,neonlitfactoryfloorwheresquadsofyoungwomenwithnimblefingersskin,deboneandfilletthefish.Itwillthenberefrozen,packaged,stowedonanothercontainershipandsenttoasupermarketinEuropeorNorthAmerica.Twomonthsafteritwascaught,thesalmonwillbethawed,displayedoncrushediceundergleaminghalogenlampsandsoldas“fresh.”
Still,ifI’msittinginanicerestaurantandI’menjoyingagoodconversationoveraglassofwine,thatisnotwhatIamthinkingabout.Andanyway,theshippingnewsdoesn’tnormallyappearnexttoamenuitem.Butifthatconversationturnstoenergyandoilprices(andIconfessitdoesfairlyregularly),thenwhenIglanceatthatfishIknowIamlookingatthepast.Inthenearfuturethereisgoingtobelesssalmononourtables–andprobablyfewerrestaurantstoeatin,too.Becausethecheap-oilsubsidythatmakesNorwegiansalmonaffordableisabouttodisappear.
Andasitdoes,yourworldisabouttogetsmaller–much,muchsmaller.
Togetthatsalmonfromtheoceantoyourplatetakesaridiculousamountofenergy.Thinkofthefuelforthefishingboats,containershipsandjust-in-timedeliverytrucks;theenergytofreezeandprocessthefish,tosellitinasupermarket(retailstoresusealmostasmuchenergypersquarefootasfactoriesdo,justonheating,coolingandlighting).Weinvestalotmoreenergytogetthatsalmonthanwegetoutofitwhenweeatit,whichinitselfmakesthefishabadenergydeal.Economicscallsita“diminishingrateofreturn.”
Butitgetsworse.Alotworse.Allofthatenergycostsmoney,andenergygetsmoreexpensivejustabouteveryday.Notquiteeveryday,ofcourse–therecessionthatseemedtocatcheveryonebysurprisein2008broughtoilpricesdowninspectacularfashion.Buteventhedeepestrecessionslastbarelyoverayear.Thosepriceswillbeontheirwaybackupsoonenough.Andhoweveryouwanttomeasuretheenergyinthatfish–calories,miles,joules,barrelsofoil–itisinevitablethatthepriceoffishisgoingtogoupaswell.
Theseafoodonyourplatedependsoncheapenergy.Andwhatistrueofsalmonistrueofjustabouteverythingelse.Allyouhavetodotofindanexampleislookaround.EverymorningwhenIheadouttogotowork,Iseethousandsofexamples:
thecommutersmakingtheirwaydowntownfromfar-flungsuburbs.ThecityIliveinhappenstobeintersectedbyoneofthebusiesthighwaysinNorthAmerica–halfamillioncarsmaketheirwaythroughitsmostheavilytraffickedinterchangeseveryday.Arethosecommutersgoingtobelivingorworkingwheretheyaretodaywhenoilpricesinevitablysoaragain?
Andiftheyare,willtheystillbedrivingcars?
Eitherourlivingarrangementsorourtransportationoptionsaregoingtohavetochange.Inotherwords,ourwholewayoflifedependsonthepriceatthepumps,andthatpricedependsonanuninterruptedsupplyofoil.
Thinkaboutthatasyoudrivetowork.Havealookatallthosecardealerships,thegasstationsandgarages,thedrive-thrusandbig-boxstoressurroundedbyhugeparkinglots.Trytoimagineyourlife–pickingupdrycleaning,takingyourkidstohockey,goingtoHomeDepotontheweekend,headingtothecottageinthesummer–withoutacar.IfyouarelikemostpeopleinNorthAmericaorAustralia,orevenalesscar-dependentcountryliketheUK,youprobablycan’tdoit.Andifyoucan’t,younowhaveasmallsenseofwhatdependsonthepriceofwhatcomesoutofthepump.
Isayasmallsense,becausenotonlydoesyourcarburnenergy,itismadefromenergy.Justbuildingyourcarrequiresasmuchenergyasitburnsinseveralyears.Addtothatthefactthattheplasticsandpaintsandinteriorelementsaremadefrompetrochemicalsderivedfromoil,andthepicturebecomesclearer.Thehouseyouliveinisprobablypoweredbyelectricitygenerated,atleastinpart,fromhydrocarbons,andisalmostcertainlyheatedwithnaturalgasoroil.Theclothesyouweartoworkwereprobablymadeinsomedistantlandandshippedhereusingrelativelycheapoil,justasthecoffeebeansthatwenttomakeyourlatteweregrowninafar-offcountrywherethesunshinesbrighterandthelaborismuchcheaper,andthenwereshippedhere.Soyousee,it’snotjustyoursalmon.Despitethesteadybarrageofclimate-changenewsandagrowingsensethatouraffluentlifestylemayhaveunpleasantconsequencesfortheenvironment,fewofusstoptoconsiderhowjustabouteveryfacetofourlivesisbuiltaroundourenergyconsumption.Nearlyeverythingwedoisinextricablyboundtoouruseofenergy.
Andby“energy”Imeanoil.Yes,weusenaturalgasandsomecoaltogenerateelectricity;buttheworld’scarandtrucksandshipsandplanesrunonoil.Thatmeansthattheglobaleconomyrunsonoil,becausetheglobaleconomyisaboutmovingthingsaroundtheworld.Andthereasontheglobaleconomyhasputallitseggsinonebasketisthatthereisnootherbasket.Asofrightnow,everything–fromthesalmononyourplatetotheentiremodelofaglobaleconomy–dependsonkeepingtheoilflowing.Now,whathappenswhenth
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