高中英语Unit13PeopleSectionⅠWarmupLesson1Prereading课时作业北师大版必修.docx
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高中英语Unit13PeopleSectionⅠWarmupLesson1Prereading课时作业北师大版必修.docx
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高中英语Unit13PeopleSectionⅠWarmupLesson1Prereading课时作业北师大版必修
2019-2020年高中英语Unit13PeopleSectionⅠWarm-up&Lesson1-Pre-reading课时作业北师大版必修
阅读理解
Onesummernightin1900,areporterappearedatthedoorofThomasEdison’slaboratoryaskingforaninterview.Thenightguardwouldn’tadmithim,eventhoughEdisonwasstillatworkupstairs.Thereporter,RemsenCrawford,saidheneededtogetEdison’sreactiontothenewsthatsevenofhisinventions“wouldbeeavailabletothepublic”whentheirpatents(专利)ranoutatmidnight.
TheguardpassedontherequesttoEdison,whoreplied:
“Goback.TellthatfellowthatIsayMrEdisonhasneverusedhisinventionsaloneandneverexpectstointhisworld.Sotheendingofapatenthasnoeffectuponthewealthofaninventor.”
HearingEdison’sresponse,Crawfordwroteanothernote:
“Whatdoyoumeanby‘neverusedalone’?
Mustseeyou.”
FinallythegreatinventoradmittedCrawfordandgavehimthisstatement:
“Inthiscountryaninventorcan’tstoppeoplecopyinghisinventions.Themomentheinventssomething,there’llbepiratesrisinguponallsidesandcallingittheirown.”
Thirtyyearslater,CrawfordwasbackatEdison’slaboratory,againaskingaboutpatentsandthemoneyhegotfromthem.Crawfordaskedhim,“Youhaveinventedmanythings,includingtheelectriclighting.Whyaren’tyoutherichestmanintheworldtoday?
”
Edison’sreply:
“Nearly$10,000,000,000,theytellme,isinvestedinmodernindustrieswhichdevelopedfromideasincludedinmyinventionsandmypatents.Abillionorsodollarsmaybetheannualtotalinetoworkersinfieldsconnectedwithmyinventionsandpatents.ButI’vemadeverylittleprofitfrommyinventions.InmylifetimeI’vetakenout1180patentssofar.Thesepatentshavecostmemorethanthey’vereturnedme.I’vemademoneythroughtheintroductionandsaleofmyproductsasamaker,notasaninventor.”
Edisonwasoneofthefewfortunateinventorswhoknewthatgreatengineering,onitsown,earnednothing.Thesuccessofanytechnologyliesinitsbusinessmodelandtheprotectionofitscopyright.Unfortunately,Edisonsaid,theUShada“poorsystem”forprotectinginventions.
语篇解读 本文是记叙文。
文章主要介绍了关于爱迪生的鲜为人知的故事。
为什么这位伟大的发明家一生发明无数,却没有因此而成为世界上最富裕的人?
1.AccordingtoParagraph1,CrawfordvisitedEdisonto________.
A.informhimofthenews
B.seehowhardEdisonworked
C.knowwhatEdisonwasinventing
D.findoutEdison’sresponsetothenews
解析:
细节理解题。
根据第一段中的RemsenCrawford,saidheneededtogetEdison’sreactiontothenews...可知,他深夜拜访爱迪生是想了解爱迪生对于自己的七项发明专利权到期的反应,故选D项。
答案:
D
2.WhatwasEdison’sattitudetowardtheendingofhispatents?
A.Happy. B.Annoyed.
C.Indifferent.D.Worried.
解析:
推理判断题。
从第二段的hasneverusedhisinventionsalone以及theendingofapatenthasnoeffectuponthewealthofaninventor可知,这个消息对于爱迪生来说无关紧要。
答案:
C
3.ItisimpliedinthetextthatinEdison’stime________.
A.Americahadnopatentprotectionlaws
B.hisinventionswerenothighlyvalued
C.patentsbenefitedinventorslittle
D.applyingforpatentswascostly
解析:
推理判断题。
由第四段中Themomentheinventssomething,there’llbepiratesrisinguponallsidesandcallingittheirown以及最后一段中的theUShada“poorsystem”forprotectinginventions可知C项正确。
答案:
C
4.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?
A.Edisonandhispatents
B.Edison,thegreatestinventor
C.ThepatentsysteminAmerica
D.Edison’swayofmakingmoney
解析:
标题归纳题。
本文主要介绍了爱迪生鲜为人知的故事,即他的一千多个专利为什么没有让他成为世界上最富有的人,因此A项很好地概括了文章内容。
答案:
A
B
LewisHowardLatimerwasanAfrican-Americanscientistwhomademanyimportantscientificdiscoveries.LatimerwasborninChelsea,Massachusetts,in1848,toparentswhowereescapedslaves.Attheageof15,hejoinedtheUnionnavyduringtheCivilWar.
Afterhismilitaryservicein1865,Latimerwasemployedasanofficeboyatthepatentattorneyoffice(专利代理事务所)ofCrosbyandGouldinBoston,wherehelearnedmechanicaldrawing.In1876,LatimerwashiredbyAlexanderGrahamBelltocreatethedrawingsnecessaryforapatentapplicationforBell’snewinvention,thetelephone.Latimerpletedthesedrawingsandrushedthemtothepatentoffice,wheretheyarrivedonlyafewhoursbeforethedrawingsofapetitor.Thus,Bellsecuredthepatentforthetelephone.
WhileworkingfortheUSElectricLightingpany,Latimerandhisemployerslookedforawaytoimproveupontheincandescentlightbulb(白炽灯)thatwasbeingmarketedbyThomasEdison.Edison’slightbulbslastedonlyafewdays.Byinventingacardboardenvelopethatsurroundedthecarbonfilament(碳质灯丝)inthelightbulb,Latimerwasabletomakelightbulbslongerlastingandlessexpensive.Asaresult,manycitiessawelectricallightingasabetterandcleanerwaytolighttheirstreetsandhomes.CitieslikeNewYork,London,Montreal,andPhiladelphiasetupthiskindoflighting,andLatimerwassentouttoplanandbuildthelightingsystems.
In1890,LatimerwashiredbyThomasEdisonattheEdisonElectricLightpany.Therehemademoreimportantdiscoveriesandwroteawell-knownbook.HewastheonlyAfrican-AmericanmemberoftheEdisonPioneers,agroupofmenwhopracticallycreatedtheelectricindustry.Latimerinventedabathroompartment(车厢)fortrains,alockingrack(行李架)forhats,coatsandumbrellas,andanewimprovedbookholderforbookshelves.Hediedin1928.
语篇解读 本文是一篇人物传记,介绍了美国著名非洲裔发明家拉蒂默。
5.AccordingtoParagraph2,Latimer________.
A.helpedBelldesignthetelephone
B.madecertainBellsecuredhispatent
C.wastherealinventorofthetelephone
D.hadworkedforBell’spetitor
解析:
细节理解题。
根据第二段可知,拉蒂默及时为贝尔的电话完成了制图,从而确保贝尔申请到了电话的发明专利。
答案:
B
6.WeknowfromParagraph3thatLatimer________.
A.madelightbulbsmuchsafer
B.inventednewstreetlamps
C.helpedEdisonwithhisinventions
D.improvedonEdison’slightbulbs
解析:
细节理解题。
根据第三段第一句Latimer...toimproveupontheincandescentlightbulbthatwasbeingmarketedbyThomasEdison可知,拉蒂默改进了爱迪生的电灯。
答案:
D
7.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?
A.Latimer’simportantachievementsinscience.
B.HowLatimerbecameamemberofEdisonPioneers.
C.ThewideinfluenceofThomasEdison.
D.HowEdisonhelpedLatimerwithhiswork.
解析:
段落大意题。
作者在最后一段主要介绍了拉蒂默的科技成就,A项符合该大意。
答案:
A
8.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutLatimer?
A.Hehadservedformilitaryforfiveyears.
B.Heinventedumbrellasandbookshelves.
C.Hisparentshadbeenslaves.
D.Hediedattheageof90.
解析:
细节理解题。
根据第一段第二句Latimerwasborn...toparentswhowereescapedslaves可知,拉蒂默的父母曾经都是奴隶。
答案:
C
C
On9Januaryxx,LondonUndergroundcelebrated150yearssincethefirstundergroundjourneytookplacebetweenPaddingtonandFarringdonontheMetropolitanRailway.Britain’sPrinceCharlestookarideontheLondonUndergroundforthefirsttimeinaquartercentury.Charlesandhiswife,Camilla,joinedgovernmentofficialsandpassengerstomarkthe150thanniversary(周年纪念)oftheUnderground,theworld’sfirstsubwaysystem.
Thesubwaysystem,whichsees3.5millionjourneysaday,iswellknownforwarningpassengerstobecarefulwhenboardingthetrain.
Thecoupletraveledonestop,fromFarringdontoKing’sCrossontheMetropolitanLine—theoldestpartofthesubwaysystem,openedin1863.Charleslasttraveledbysubwayin1986,whenheandthelatePrincessDianatooktheUndergroundtoHeathrowAirporttoopenanewterminal(航站楼).
LondonUnderground,inpartnershipwithLondonTransportMuseum,iscelebratingwithaseriesofeventsandactivitiesthroughoutxx.TheeventswillexploretheUnderground’shistoryandlookattheroleitwillplayinthefuture—bothinthelivesofLondonersandtheeconomyoftheCityandtheUK.TheUndergroundplaysabigpartinthelivesofLondoners,connectingpeopleandplacesacrossthecapital.
Duringxx,ArtontheUndergroundwillpresentaprogrammeinwhich15leadingBritishartistswillbringartworksintoeverystationontheUnderground.OtheractivitiesincludescreeningsofLondonUndergroundthemedfilmsandaspecialcollectionofgiftsandsouvenirs.AllitemsinthecollectioncanallbeboughtonlineintheLondonTransportMuseumshop.
语篇解读 本文是新闻报道。
文章介绍了伦敦地铁150周年庆典的相关活动。
9.PrinceCharlestooktheUndergroundthisyearto________.
A.celebratetheUnderground’s150thanniversary
B.observetheartontheUnderground
C.travelwiththePrincess
D.openanewterminal
解析:
细节理解题。
根据第一段中的Charlesandhiswife,Camilla,joinedgovernmentofficialsandpassengerstomarkthe150thanniversaryoftheUnderground可知,A项正确。
答案:
A
10.ThelastparagraphismainlyabouttheUnderground’s________.
A.brightfutureB.importantrole
C.greatinfluenceD.celebrationactivities
解析:
推理判断题。
根据最后一段中介绍的由英国的艺术家创作艺术作品,以及与伦敦地铁相关的电影和纪念品等可知,最后一段主要介绍与伦敦地铁150周年庆典相关的一些活动。
答案:
D
11.Wecanlearnfromthetextthat________.
A.filmstarswillshowupatthecelebrations
B.CharlesandCamillatraveledthewholejourney
C.souvenirscanbeboughtattheundergroundstation
D.theUndergroundisofgreatimportanceinthelivesofLondoners
解析:
推理判断题。
根据第四段内容可知,伦敦地铁在人们日常生活中起着重要的作用。
答案:
D
12.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?
A.Thefirstsubwaystationintheworld
B.CharlesandCamilla’sundergroundjourney
C.ArtistsbringartworksintoLondonUnderground
D.LondonUndergroundmarksits150thanniversary
解析:
标题归纳题。
文章介绍了伦敦地铁150周年庆典的相关情况。
文章首句即主题句。
答案:
D
2019-2020年高中英语Unit13PeopleSectionⅡWarm-up&Lesson1-Languagepoints课时作业北师大版必修
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.ItwasnotuntilIcamehere________Irealizedthisplacewasfamousfornotonlyitsbeautybutalsoitsweather.
答案:
that
2.—Whodoyouthinkoftheboywementionedjustnow?
—Inmyopinion,the________(gift)boyreallyhasagift____________oilpainting.
答案:
gifted;for
3.Theshopassistantwasdismissedasshewasaccused________cheatingcustomers.
答案:
of
4.Thereistoomuchnoiseoutside,Icanhardlyconcentratemyattention________mybook.
答案:
on
5.________isreportedinnewspspers,talksbetweenthetwocountries
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